Monoclonal antibodies were developed against USDA challenge strain of infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV). Indirect immunofluorescence test was used to detect antibodies in supernatants of hybridomas. Hybridoma cells were developed by fusing Sp 2/0 myeloma cells with spleen cells obtained from mice immunized four times with partially purified USDA challenge strain of infectious laryngotracheitis virus. The supernatant of three hybridomas, designated as 2D1D8, 2E11G2, 2C6C7 were found positive for antibody activity against USDA challenge strain of ILTV. Hybridomas producing antibodies were cloned by the limiting dilution method. All three monoclonal antibodies reacted with USDA challenge strain of ILTV, S 88 00224 strain of ILTV, and 86 1169 strain of ILTV in an indirect immunofluorescence test. None of the monoclonal antibodies reacted with avian adenovirus 301 or parrot herpes virus in an indirect immunofluorescence test. The monoclonal antibodies were isotyped, and all three monoclonal antibodies were found to be IgM. / Graduation date: 1993

No description available.

Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is currently one of the most prevalent conditions associated with voice disorders being treated in voice care centers worldwide. Many singers experience voice related disturbances but are unaware that these disturbances may be the result of LPR. The purpose of this study was to quantify the perceptual symptoms and objective measures of LPR in a population of singers in order to understand the relationship between perceived symptoms, laryngeal findings, and evidence of acid exposure to the larynx. The Reflux Symptom Index (RSI), Reflux Finding Score (RFS), and the Dx-pH monitoring system were used to quantify participant symptoms, endoscopic findings, and pH levels in the oropharynx. The population included 12 semi-professional and professional singers. Significant correlations were found between the RFS, RSI and pH mild and moderate pH levels. This indicates that singers are sensitive to even small deviations of pH and this should be taken into consideration when evaluating a singers who have suspected LPR. Due to the variety of etiologies that can produce the symptoms and physical findings mentioned in this study, it is imperative that more objective data be obtained to confirm the presence of reflux in the oropharynx. As such, endoscopic findings and symptoms alone are not a good indication of reflux exposure and more objective data, like an oropharyngeal pH measurement system, should be implemented to quantify reflux in the oropharynx. The RSI and the RFS are valid tools for qualifying perceptions and physical findings however they are not without flaws.

A caracterização das patologias da laringe até o presente momento é predominantemente realizada de forma qualitativa. Alguns trabalhos recentes têm quantificados parâmetros acústicos no intuito de discriminar as diversas patologias. Este trabalho verifica os valores médios das diversas medidas acústicas da voz e as relaciona com as diferentes patologias. Desta forma, futuramente será possível utilizar estes valores para quantificar e acompanhar diferentes estágios do tratamento da patologia. O conjunto de valores médios compõem o que chamamos de perfil acústico. / Until now the characterization of larynx pathologies has been done in a subjective manner. Recently some researches have been conducted in order to quantify acoustic parameters mainly to discriminate the larynx pathologies. In this work several acoustic parameters of voice was evaluated and their correlation with the pathologies were established. In the future, would be possible to use these parameters to quantify and to follow the therapy procedures. These values constitute the acoustic profile of the pathologies.

A caracterização das patologias da laringe até o presente momento é predominantemente realizada de forma qualitativa. Alguns trabalhos recentes têm quantificados parâmetros acústicos no intuito de discriminar as diversas patologias. Este trabalho verifica os valores médios das diversas medidas acústicas da voz e as relaciona com as diferentes patologias. Desta forma, futuramente será possível utilizar estes valores para quantificar e acompanhar diferentes estágios do tratamento da patologia. O conjunto de valores médios compõem o que chamamos de perfil acústico. / Until now the characterization of larynx pathologies has been done in a subjective manner. Recently some researches have been conducted in order to quantify acoustic parameters mainly to discriminate the larynx pathologies. In this work several acoustic parameters of voice was evaluated and their correlation with the pathologies were established. In the future, would be possible to use these parameters to quantify and to follow the therapy procedures. These values constitute the acoustic profile of the pathologies.

Orientador: Agrício Nubiato Crespo / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T15:39:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carvalho_EduardoGeorgeBaptistade_D.pdf: 1487097 bytes, checksum: 8b21a6026c0fd35ff39cc175609d11d7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: A correção de sulcos e cicatrizes de pregas vocais permanece como grande desafio à fonocirurgia. Substâncias que promovam a reestruturação da lâmina própria parecem ser a melhor opção. Esta pesquisa avaliou a influência do fator de crescimento de fibroblastos na integração tecidual de enxerto de fragmento de fáscia superficial na lâmina própria de prega vocal de coelhos associado à injeção de FGF, quanto às alterações histológicas induzidas como reação inflamatória aguda e crônica, fibrose desencadeada pelo procedimento e presença de neovascularização. Doze coelhos adultos foram submetidos ao enxerto de fragmento de 0,1 X 0,1 cm de fáscia cervical superficial na lâmina própria de ambas as pregas vocais. Na prega vocal direita foi injetado fator de crescimento de fibroblastos. Após um e doze meses, os animais foram sacrificados e suas pregas vocais submetidas a estudo histológico. O fator de crescimento de fibroblastos induziu resposta inflamatória em todos os animais após um mês do experimento inicial. Desencadeou fibrose além da causada pelo procedimento cirúrgico na prega vocal direita em todos os animais após 12 meses do experimento inicial. Fato que demonstra que o fator de crescimento de fibroblastos não representa uma boa opção terapêutica na correção das alterações da lâmina própria de pregas vocais quando associado ao enxerto de fáscia. / Abstract: The correction of sulcus and scars of vocal cords remains as a major challenge to fonosurgery. Substances which promote the restructuring the lamina propria seem to be the best option. This study evaluated the influence of fibroblasts growth factor in integration fragment of fascia grafted in the vocal fold lamina propria of rabbits associated with the injection FGF, regarding the histological alterations , acute and chronic inflammatory reaction, fibrosis, presence of neovascularization and the density of collagen. Twelve adult rabbits were submitted to grafting of fragment of 0.1 X 0.1 cm cervical fascia in the vocal fold lamina propria. Fibroblasts growth factor was injected in the right vocal fold. After a month and 12 months, the animals were sacrificed and their vocal folds submitted to histological study. The fibroblasts growth factor induced acute inflammatory response in all animals after one month of initial experiment. It induced fibrosis in addition to the caused by surgical procedure on the right vocal fold in all animals after 12 months of initial experiment. Fact which demonstrate that the fibroblasts growth factor with fascia grafting is not a good therapeutic option in correction of alterations of the vocal fold lamina propria. / Doutorado / Otorrinolaringologia / Doutor em Ciências Médicas

Due to changes in UK and Scottish policy and NHS directives, there have been many changes and improvements in the way information is provided to patients affected by cancer and their families over the last decade. The information provided should be accurate, detailed and tailored to the individual’s needs across the whole of their cancer trajectory. People affected by laryngeal cancer could be classed as a “Cinderella” group as there is a lack of research with this group of patients and their families, in comparison to other types of cancer, even though the impact of treatment can have a profound and debilitating effect on the individual and their family’s quality of life. How this group of patients and their families use and source information to help them make sense of their experiences across their trajectory is unknown, therefore this study explored the role of information based on the experiences of people affected by laryngeal cancer across their cancer trajectory. The study adopted an interpretive prospective longitudinal approach, using two in-depth qualitative interviews with twenty patients and eighteen carers from across the main treatment pathways associated with this type of cancer. The data were analysed using Framework Analysis and influenced by Dingwall’s Illness Action Model. Four broad thematic headings were developed to explain the role of information: “Search for Normality”, “Illusion of Certainty”, “Reality of Uncertainty” and “Culture of Caring”. Relationships were identified between these headings at four key stages across the cancer trajectory. The ii broad theme “Search for Normality” overarched the whole of the cancer trajectory explaining how information was sourced and used to help this group understand their experience of symptoms. The main findings from the study show that two broad categories of information are used: information from health professionals and experiential information from one’s own and others’ experiential knowledge of health and illness. Both categories of information are sourced and used in different ways at different stages over the course of the trajectory and become inextricably linked over time. The study shows that information is not an entity that can be studied on its own but needs to be studied and explained in the ways it is situated, used and experienced within the context of the complex needs and experiences of this group of patients and their families. This study is the first longitudinal study to provide an explanation of the role of information with people affected by laryngeal cancer across their cancer trajectory. The findings show how the different types of information used from the various sources influence how people affected by laryngeal cancer perceive and understand their diagnosis, treatment and the outcome of treatment. The study findings suggest that health professionals need to situate information in the context of the individual’s understanding and prior knowledge of health and illness to ensure that it does not set unrealistic expectations, with a clear need for continuity and supportive care identified in the post-treatment and follow-up phases.

As patologias que afetam a laringe estão aumentando consideravelmente nos últimos anos devido à condição da sociedade atual onde há hábitos não saudáveis como fumo, álcool e tabaco e um abuso vocal cada vez maior, talvez por conta do aumento da poluição sonora, principalmente nos grandes centros urbanos. Atualmente o exame utilizado pela endoscopia per-oral, direcionado a identificar patologias de laringe, são a videolaringoscopia e videoestroboscopia, ambos invasivos e por muitas vezes desconfortável ao paciente. Buscando melhorar o bem estar e minimizar o desconforto dos pacientes que necessitam submeter-se a estes procedimentos, este estudo tem como objetivo reconhecer padrões que possam ser aplicados à identificação de patologias de laringe de modo a auxiliar na criação de um novo método não invasivo em substituição ao método atual. Este trabalho utilizará várias configurações diferentes de redes neurais. A primeira rede neural foi gerada a partir de 524.287 resultados obtidos através das configurações k-k das 19 medidas acústicas disponíveis neste trabalho. Esta configuração atingiu uma acurácia de 99,5% (média de 96,99±2,08%) ao utilizar uma configuração com 11 e com 12 medidas acústicas dentre as 19 disponíveis. Utilizando-se 3 medidas rotacionadas (obtidas através do método de componentes principais), foi obtido uma acurácia de 93,98±0,24%. Com 6 medidas rotacionadas, o resultado obtido foi de acurácia foi de 94,07±0,29%. Para 6 medidas rotacionadas com entrada normalizada, a acurácia encontrada foi de 97,88±1,53%. A rede neural que fez 23 diferentes classificações, voz normal mais 22 patologias, mostrou que as melhores classificações, de acordo com a acurácia, são a da patologia hiperfunção com 58,23±18,98% e a voz normal com 52,15±18,31%. Já para a pior patologia a ser classificada, encontrou-se a fadiga vocal com 0,57±1,99%. Excluindo-se a voz normal, ou seja, utilizando uma rede neural composta somente por vozes patológicas, a hiperfunção continua sendo a mais facilmente identificável com uma acurácia de 57,3±19,55%, a segunda patologia mais facilmente identificável é a constrição ântero-posterior com 18,14±11,45%. Nesta configuração, a patologia mais difícil de se classificar continua sendo a fadiga vocal com 0,7±2,14%. A rede com re-amostragem obteve uma acurácia de 25,88±10,15% enquanto que a rede com re-amostragem e alteração de neurônios na camada intermediária obteve uma acurácia de 21,47±7,58% para 30 neurônios e uma acurácia de 18,44±6,57% para 40 neurônios. Por fim foi feita uma máquina de vetores suporte que encontrou um resultado de 67±6,2%. Assim, mostrou-se que as medidas acústicas precisam ser aprimoradas para a obtenção de melhores resultados de classificação dentre as patologias de laringe estudadas. Ainda assim, verificou-se que é possível discriminar locutores normais daqueles pacientes disfônicos. / Diseases that affect the larynx have been considerably increased in recent years due to the condition of nowadays society where there have been unhealthy habits like smoking, alcohol and tobacco and an increased vocal abuse, perhaps due to the increase in noise pollution, especially in large urban cities. Currently the exam performed by per-oral endoscopy (aimed to identify laryngeal pathologies) have been videolaryngoscopy and videostroboscopy, both invasive and often uncomfortable to the patient. Seeking to improve the comfort of the patients who need to undergo through these procedures, this study aims to identify acoustic patterns that can be applied to the identification of laryngeal pathologies in order to creating a new non-invasive larynx assessment method. Here two different configurations of neural networks were used. The first one was generated from 524.287 combinations of 19 acoustic measurements to classify voices into normal or from a diseased larynx, and achieved an max accuracy of 99.5% (96.99±2.08%). Using 3 and 6 rotated measurements (obtained from the principal components analysis method), the accuracy was 93.98±0.24% and 94.07±0.29%, respectively. With 6 rotated measurements from a previouly standardization of the 19 acoustic measurements, the accuracy was 97.88±1.53%. The second one, to classify 23 different voice types (including normal voices), showed better accuracy in identifying hiperfunctioned larynxes and normal voices, with 58.23±18.98% and 52.15±18.31%, respectively. The worst accuracy was obtained from vocal fatigues, with 0.57±1.99%. Excluding normal voices of the analysis, hyperfunctioned voices remained the most easily identifiable (with an accuracy of 57.3±19.55%) followed by anterior-posterior constriction (with 18.14±11.45%), and the most difficult condition to be identified remained vocal fatigue (with 0.7±2.14%). Re-sampling the neural networks input vectors, it was obtained accuracies of 25.88±10.15%, 21.47±7.58%, and 18.44±6.57% from such networks with 20, 30, and 40 hidden layer neurons, respectively. For comparison, classification using support vector machine produced an accuracy of 67±6.2%. Thus, it was shown that the acoustic measurements need to be improved to achieve better results of classification among the studied laryngeal pathologies. Even so, it was found that is possible to discriminate normal from dysphonic speakers.

As patologias que afetam a laringe estão aumentando consideravelmente nos últimos anos devido à condição da sociedade atual onde há hábitos não saudáveis como fumo, álcool e tabaco e um abuso vocal cada vez maior, talvez por conta do aumento da poluição sonora, principalmente nos grandes centros urbanos. Atualmente o exame utilizado pela endoscopia per-oral, direcionado a identificar patologias de laringe, são a videolaringoscopia e videoestroboscopia, ambos invasivos e por muitas vezes desconfortável ao paciente. Buscando melhorar o bem estar e minimizar o desconforto dos pacientes que necessitam submeter-se a estes procedimentos, este estudo tem como objetivo reconhecer padrões que possam ser aplicados à identificação de patologias de laringe de modo a auxiliar na criação de um novo método não invasivo em substituição ao método atual. Este trabalho utilizará várias configurações diferentes de redes neurais. A primeira rede neural foi gerada a partir de 524.287 resultados obtidos através das configurações k-k das 19 medidas acústicas disponíveis neste trabalho. Esta configuração atingiu uma acurácia de 99,5% (média de 96,99±2,08%) ao utilizar uma configuração com 11 e com 12 medidas acústicas dentre as 19 disponíveis. Utilizando-se 3 medidas rotacionadas (obtidas através do método de componentes principais), foi obtido uma acurácia de 93,98±0,24%. Com 6 medidas rotacionadas, o resultado obtido foi de acurácia foi de 94,07±0,29%. Para 6 medidas rotacionadas com entrada normalizada, a acurácia encontrada foi de 97,88±1,53%. A rede neural que fez 23 diferentes classificações, voz normal mais 22 patologias, mostrou que as melhores classificações, de acordo com a acurácia, são a da patologia hiperfunção com 58,23±18,98% e a voz normal com 52,15±18,31%. Já para a pior patologia a ser classificada, encontrou-se a fadiga vocal com 0,57±1,99%. Excluindo-se a voz normal, ou seja, utilizando uma rede neural composta somente por vozes patológicas, a hiperfunção continua sendo a mais facilmente identificável com uma acurácia de 57,3±19,55%, a segunda patologia mais facilmente identificável é a constrição ântero-posterior com 18,14±11,45%. Nesta configuração, a patologia mais difícil de se classificar continua sendo a fadiga vocal com 0,7±2,14%. A rede com re-amostragem obteve uma acurácia de 25,88±10,15% enquanto que a rede com re-amostragem e alteração de neurônios na camada intermediária obteve uma acurácia de 21,47±7,58% para 30 neurônios e uma acurácia de 18,44±6,57% para 40 neurônios. Por fim foi feita uma máquina de vetores suporte que encontrou um resultado de 67±6,2%. Assim, mostrou-se que as medidas acústicas precisam ser aprimoradas para a obtenção de melhores resultados de classificação dentre as patologias de laringe estudadas. Ainda assim, verificou-se que é possível discriminar locutores normais daqueles pacientes disfônicos. / Diseases that affect the larynx have been considerably increased in recent years due to the condition of nowadays society where there have been unhealthy habits like smoking, alcohol and tobacco and an increased vocal abuse, perhaps due to the increase in noise pollution, especially in large urban cities. Currently the exam performed by per-oral endoscopy (aimed to identify laryngeal pathologies) have been videolaryngoscopy and videostroboscopy, both invasive and often uncomfortable to the patient. Seeking to improve the comfort of the patients who need to undergo through these procedures, this study aims to identify acoustic patterns that can be applied to the identification of laryngeal pathologies in order to creating a new non-invasive larynx assessment method. Here two different configurations of neural networks were used. The first one was generated from 524.287 combinations of 19 acoustic measurements to classify voices into normal or from a diseased larynx, and achieved an max accuracy of 99.5% (96.99±2.08%). Using 3 and 6 rotated measurements (obtained from the principal components analysis method), the accuracy was 93.98±0.24% and 94.07±0.29%, respectively. With 6 rotated measurements from a previouly standardization of the 19 acoustic measurements, the accuracy was 97.88±1.53%. The second one, to classify 23 different voice types (including normal voices), showed better accuracy in identifying hiperfunctioned larynxes and normal voices, with 58.23±18.98% and 52.15±18.31%, respectively. The worst accuracy was obtained from vocal fatigues, with 0.57±1.99%. Excluding normal voices of the analysis, hyperfunctioned voices remained the most easily identifiable (with an accuracy of 57.3±19.55%) followed by anterior-posterior constriction (with 18.14±11.45%), and the most difficult condition to be identified remained vocal fatigue (with 0.7±2.14%). Re-sampling the neural networks input vectors, it was obtained accuracies of 25.88±10.15%, 21.47±7.58%, and 18.44±6.57% from such networks with 20, 30, and 40 hidden layer neurons, respectively. For comparison, classification using support vector machine produced an accuracy of 67±6.2%. Thus, it was shown that the acoustic measurements need to be improved to achieve better results of classification among the studied laryngeal pathologies. Even so, it was found that is possible to discriminate normal from dysphonic speakers.