Thesis (B.A.(Hons.))-- University of Adelaide, Dept. of History, 1975.

A relationship between the sulphur valence of a melt and f 02 has been determined. The relationship has been used to determine the f O2 conditions under which melt inclusions were trapped in andesitic magmas before magma mixing, and of a slowly cooled pyroclastic flow in which Fe-Ti oxide phases have re-equilibrated. The results help distinguish two trends in lavas from Lascar Volcano: In one, the melt fO2 is buffered by iron redox ratio, while in the other f02 is buffered by S02-H2S in a comagmatic vapour phase. The behaviour of sulphur was experimentally investigated in hydrous phonolitic and rhyolitic melt at 930 °C and 0.5 to 4 kbar. Pyrrhotite is stable under reducing conditions in both melts, and immiscible FeS sulphide liquid is stable under certain conditions of pressure and f S2 at 5 log units above the Ni-NiO buffer. Anhydrite and Srich sodalite are the usual magmatic S-bearing phase under oxidising conditions in rhyolitic and phonolitic melts respectfully. Melt sulphur content is positively correlated with f 02 and f S2. pressure has no significant effect for the conditions investigated. A thermodynamic model has been derived that successfully reproduces the results of this study and of a previous study. The partitioning of sulphur between vapour and melt is a function of f 02, f SZ, phase stabilities and mass balance constraints. Sulphur solubilities and f02 were determined for a suite of back arc basin basalts (BABB). The BABB samples follow two trends: those with low values of f02 have high S contents, whereas more oxidised samples have lower sulphur contents. The solubility behaviour can be described by sulphide-sulphate melt-vapour equilibria. The f02 of the oxidised samples implies that subducted material was incorporated into their magmatic source, a hypothesis supported by major and trace element studies of the samples

Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 143-152).

Two sections, Všeradice and Kosov, represent continuous sedimentary succession situated in the Prague Basin. No detailed research on stratigraphical level equal the N. kozlowskii graptolite zone focusing on chitinozoans, has not yet been conducted in the Prague Basin and is also very scarce globally. Limestone beds, examined for chitinozoans, were not very productive. Chitinozoan reaction on extinction is visible, if we compile data from both sections. The pre-extinct chitinozoan fauna is characterized by the Conochitinidae family. Samples from the post-extinct interval contained no chitinozoas. The interval of fauna recovery is characterized mainly by the Eisenackitina genera. In this interval, global zone for the uppermost Ludfordian, represented by E. barrandei, can be confirmed. In agreement with all the published literature, we have not found E. philipi, index taxa of the former global zone in the Prague Basin. E. lagenomorpha appears stratigraphically only slightly below E. barrandei and therefore it cannot substitute E. philipi, as it is used in Baltika region. chitinozoa, Prague Basin, Kozlowskii, Lau, extinction, Ludfordian, stratigraphy

In pace with the development of technology it has become more common for companies to capture employees´ intellectual property rights. In most cases it is assumed that the companies have made agreements about the intellectual property rights such as copyright and patent law. In case there is no agreement there are regulations concerning the employees´ right to inventions.In copyright law the employees right to their subject matter isn’t vested, instead the agreement and principals are applied. In both fields of law, custom have an important role, particularly when it comes to the assessment regarding reasonable compensation in patent law.The copyright law can end in a conflict with several right areas, and the reason for that is because the employment relationship isn’t vested. It is an indication that a change is necessary for better harmonization between labour law, copyright law and patent law. The Act on the Right in Employee Inventions was added because the relationship between the employer and the employees previously wasn’t vested in Swedish law. It was previously unclear who the rights to an invention created in the service belonged too. We therefore question why the employment relationship isn’t vested.In patent law the rule regarding employees´ compensation is imperative. There is however uncertainties about what reasonable compensation is. The term reasonable has led to several disputes, but by the disputes no assessment template has developed. Thereby the difficulties of interpretation regarding the meaning of the concept still stand. Many litigation are judged in a closed settlement, which leads to further problems for the general courts to determine what reasonable compensation actually means. SOU 2010:24 comes with a proposal regarding that the compensation in copyright should be vested. To validate the compensation if the salary is not enough, can be needed, for example when it comes to science inventions. It can be established that the statutory regulation in the various areas are different from each other and it can become difficult if the right areas overlap. For example when it comes to computer programs and the exemptions for teachers. / I takt med teknikens utveckling blir det allt vanligare för företagen att vilja tillvarata arbetstagares immaterialrätter. I de flesta fall förutsätts det att företagen har avtalat om de immateriella rättigheterna som uppkommit i anställningsförhållandet, så som upphovsrätt och patenträtt. I de fall avtal inte föreligger så återfinns lagreglering angående arbetstagares rätt till uppfinningar. I upphovsrätten är däremot inte anställdas rätt till sina verk lagstadgat, där tillämpas istället avtal och rättsprinciper. Inom båda rättsområdena har praxis spelat en viktig roll, särskilt vid bedömningen av skälig ersättning inom patenträtten.Upphovsrätten kan hamna i konflikt med flera rättsområden i och med att anställningsförhållandet inte är reglerat. Det tyder på att det kan krävas en förändring som leder till harmonisering mellan arbetsrätten, upphovsrätten och patenträtten. LAU tillkom på grund av att förhållandet mellan arbetsgivare och arbetstagare inte tidigare fanns reglerat i svensk lag. Det var därför tidigare oklart vem rättigheterna till en uppfinning som tillkommit i tjänsten tillhörde. Inom patenträtten är regeln angående ersättning tvingande. Det föreligger däremot oklarheter kring vad skälig ersättning är. Begreppet skälig har föranlett flertalet tvister, men genom tvisterna har det inte uppkommit någon bedömningsmall. Därmed kvarstår tolkningssvårigheterna kring begreppets innebörd. Många tvister avgörs genom förlikning i “det dolda” vilket leder till att det blir ytterligare problematiskt för de allmänna domstolarna att avgöra vad skälig ersättning egentligen innebär. Genom SOU 2010:24 har det kommit på förslag att ersättningen inom upphovsrätten ska vara lagstadgad. Det kan vara aktuellt att lagstadga ersättningsfrågan i de fall lönen inte anses tillräcklig, vid exempelvis forskningsuppfinningar. Det kan konstateras att lagregleringen i de olika områdena skiljer sig åt och det kan bli problematiskt i de fall rättsområdena överlappar varandra, vid exempelvis datorprogram och lärarundantaget.

Here it is demonstrated that nanofabricated structures can be used as electron optical elements in new types of electron interferometers. This enables novel investigations with electrons analogous to experiments in light and atom optics. Far field diffraction from a single nanograting is used to examine the force on a charge moving in close proximity to a surface. Near field diffraction from the nanograting is investigated in a Talbot interferometer. It is found that electron waves form replicas of the grating in free space, and these replicas can be de-magnified using illumination by a converging beam. An electron Lau interferometer has the same grating configuration as the Talbot interferometer, but uses spatially incoherent beams that give rise to drastically different interference behavior. A single optical theory is developed to efficiently model a variety of grating interferometers under a diverse set of illumination conditions, and it is used to understand the experiments described here. Applications for these new interferometers are discussed, as well as possible directions for future research.

No description available.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Oregon State University, 2008. / Printout. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 168-187). Also available on the World Wide Web.

The aim of this Diploma Thesis is evaluation of district development in South Moravian region in selected years 2011, 2014 and 2017. Development is evaluated according to the level in each pillars of sustainable development. Economic, social and environmental level of districts is rated, both individually and across the pillars. Created composite indicator serve as evaluation tool. The result is ranking of selected districts based on success rate in each pillars of development and in complex assessment. In compliance with the evaluation, certain districts were selected that would be appropriate to focus in strategic planning.

Cette thèse examine la façon dont les villageois de la lagune de Lau rurale, dans la province de Malaita, aux îles Salomon, font l'expérience de l'usage des téléphones portables. J'examine l'impact réciproque exercé par la technologie de téléphonie mobile récemment adoptée vis-à-vis des technologies de l'information et de la communication (TIC) déjà en vigueur localement. Je m'interroge également sur l'incidence que la place marginale de Lau dans l'économie capitaliste peut avoir sur l'adoption et l'usage des téléphones portables. En outre, j'analyse les principales controverses locales autour de l'adoption et de l'utilisation des téléphones portables, la conceptualisation par les indigènes du fonctionnement des technologies numériques, la moralité associée aux téléphones portables ; j'explore enfin ce pour quoi ils sont et/ou ne sont pas destinés à être utilisés. Je me concentre ainsi sur les deux fonctions principales des téléphones portables à Gwou'ulu : d'un côté, on les emploie comme des téléphones, et de l'autre comme des dispositifs pour visionner des films. En 2014, sur environ 250 adultes habitant à Gwou'ulu, 100 possédaient un téléphone portable à titre individuel, et un plus grand nombre de villageois partageait l'usage de téléphones portables avec d'autres.Mon approche théorique approfondit l'analyse technographique permettant d'étudier les technologies numériques et la consommation des médias numériques. La technographie (c'est-à-dire l'ethnographie des technologies) est une approche pluridisciplinaire qui combine l'étude des conditions historiques, économiques, politiques, religieuses, environnementales et matérielles constituant les possibilités qui à la fois limitent et facilitent les choix des individus lors de l'adoption de nouvelles technologies, y compris les téléphones portables. Mon analyse se fonde sur l'observation participante et sur des entretiens semi-directifs menés avec les locaux et centrés sur la question de leur utilisation des téléphones portables.Les conclusions de ma recherche démontrent que la vie au village se situe dans une période de transition sociale et s'achemine vers une nouvelle forme de numérisation technologique. Ma thèse souligne comment, dans la lagune de Lau, les téléphones portables transforment les TIC d'un secteur public à un secteur privé. Elle démontre aussi qu'un usage largement individualisé des téléphones portables nourrit les incertitudes locales relatives à la façon dont les téléphones portables, en tant que téléphones et que dispositifs permettant de visionner des films, contribuent à transformer les relations sociales à la fois au sein du village et entre les villageois et leurs proches installés en ville. J'avance l'idée que les téléphones portables et leurs diverses fonctions (de la télévision à la calculatrice de poche) sont mieux décrits comme des objets super-composés, parce que les téléphones portables embrassent et troublent un grand nombre de relations sociales et de valeurs culturelles qui sont les caractéristiques déterminantes d'un groupe donné dans un lieu donné. / This thesis explores the experiences of villagers in the rural Lau Lagoon, Malaita Province, Solomon Islands, as they adopt mobile phones. I discuss how the adoption of mobile phone technology affects and is affected by existing information-communication technologies; how and to what extent Lau adoption of mobile phones is circumscribed by the marginal place of the Lau in globalized capitalist economies; and I elaborate on the main controversies that surround the adoption and use of mobile phones, local conceptualizations of how digital technologies work, their morality, what they are meant to be used for and for what they are not to be used. Specifically, I focus on the two primary functions of mobile phones in Gwou’ulu: the mobile phone as (1) telephone and (2) as movie-watching device. Theoretically, I rework approaches to technography for an investigation of digital technology and media consumption with a focus on mobile phones—in 2014 of the approximate 250 adults living in Gwou’ulu, 100 owned a personal mobile phone and many more shared a mobile phone. Technography, or ethnographies of technology, offers a strategic multi-disciplinary combination that examines the historical, economic, political, religious, environmental and material conditions that constitute the realm of possibilities that constrain but also facilitate particular sets of choices made by individuals in response to the adoption of new technologies such as mobile phones. My methods for data collection are a combination of participant observation and open ended interviews on individual mobile phone usage. My findings show village life in a transition period of technological and social digitization. They highlight how, in the Lau Lagoon, mobile phones shift information-communication technologies (ICTs) from the public to the private realm and how an individualized consumption of mobile phones fuels uncertainties as to if and how mobile phones, as telephone or as movie-watching devices, transform social relationships among village residents as well as relationships between villagers and their urban relatives. I argue that mobile phones and their diverse functions—from telephony to movie player to calculator—are best described as super-compositional objects because they encompass and agitate so many of the social relationships and cultural values that are otherwise the defining features of a particular group of peoples in a particular place.