Cette thèse entend poser les fondements philosophiques d’une « conversion écologique » en éclairant la dimension ontologique de la crise écologique. Tout en s’inscrivant dans le sillage de l’Encyclique Laudato Si’, où le Pape François lance un vibrant appel à la conversion écologique, l’auteur s’efforce de penser les enjeux proprement philosophiques liés à cette notion. En s’appuyant sur des auteurs tels que Heidegger et Hans Jonas, la première partie de la recherche montre la nécessité d’une véritable « conversion » face au péril métaphysique que représente la technique envisagée ici comme dévoiement de notre « être-au-monde ». Dans un contexte marqué par la résurgence du catastrophisme, l’auteur entend ici souligner la dimension humaniste qui constituait l’horizon de la pensée de ses fondateurs (Günther Anders, Jacques Ellül) tout en confrontant leur vision à celle du « Principe Espérance » porté par Ernst Bloch.La seconde partie de la thèse consiste à poser les fondements éthiques et religieux du concept de conversion. De la metanoia platonicienne aux thérapies de l’âme stoïciennes et épicuriennes, l’auteur explore la place de la connaissance de la nature (physis) dans le « retour à Soi » (epistrophè) de ces sagesses grecques. Peut-on voir en elles la source d’une véritable « conversion écologique » par laquelle il s’agirait autant de convertir notre regard sur la nature que d’être converti par elle ? Si oui, quelles en seraient les modalités ? Dans cette perspective, quels sont les apports de la metanoia chrétienne par rapport à la metanoia platonicienne ? En quoi la « conversion des sens » portée à la fois par la mystique franciscaine et la « prière du cœur » des Pères neptiques dans le monde orthodoxe, constitue-t-elle une étape capitale pour penser la conversion écologique comme conversion du corps et du cœur ? Pour mener à bien cette analyse, l’auteur emprunte la méthode phénoménologique afin de mettre en lumière les liens entre conversion et réduction.La dernière partie, plus spécifiquement consacrée à l’écologie contemporaine, s’appuie sur les modalités de la conversion écologique esquissées avec les penseurs grecs et chrétiens pour penser une transformation profonde de notre « affect du monde ». En s’appuyant sur les notions merleau-pontiennes de « chair du monde » et de « monde brut », l’auteur cherche à penser une « empathie universelle » comme socle d’une nouvelle éthique environnementale. A travers une relecture merleau-pontienne de deux grands courants de l’écologie que sont l’écologie profonde (deep ecology) et la wilderness, l’auteur jette les bases d’une ontologie relationnelle dans deux directions. La première envisage la conversion écologique comme un approfondissement du Soi. Dans le sentiment de la wilderness, c’est autant la nature vierge à l’extérieur de nous que le « monde brut » au plus intime de nous-même, qu’il s’agit de préserver pour ouvrir la voie à une expérience transformante du monde telle que la décrit Henri-David Thoreau dans Walden ou la vie dans les bois. La seconde vise un élargissement du Soi par lequel la réalisation de Soi devient indissociable, par un mouvement d’identification, de celle de notre environnement, jusqu’à faire l’expérience charnelle de ce « Soi écologique » dont nous parle Arne Naess en écho à la « chair du monde » merleau-pontienne et aux théories de la Gestalt dont s’inspirent les deux auteurs. Conscient des limites de la pensée occidentale pour cheminer vers cette non - dualité, clé d’une empathie universelle, l’auteur montre, dans la dernière partie de son analyse, l’influence de la pensée bouddhique sur la deep ecology et explore une spiritualité de la résonance avec le bouddhisme zen japonais incarné dans la figure de Maître Dogen, jusqu’à penser une « échologie de la Joie ». / This thesis is an attempt to provide the philosophical foundations for an ecological conversion while revealing the ontological aspects of the ecological crisis. Following the path described in the Laudato Si’ encyclical letter, where Pope François launches a vibrant call for ecological conversion, the author seeks to adress the philosophical issues in relation to this notion. Refering to philosophers such as Heidegger and Hans Jonas, the first part of this research accounts for the necessity of a true ecological conversion to face the metaphysical « peril » represented by the technical way of mind which leads to an unauthentic « being-in-the-world ». As catastrophism rages, the author underlines the humanistic aspect of its founders’ thought (Gûnther Anders, Jacques Ellûl) while confronting their vision to Ernst Bloch’s « Principle of Hope ».The second chapter of the thesis aims at laying down the ethical and religious foundations of the concept of conversion. From Plato’s metanoia to stoïcian and epicurian soul therapies, the author explores the importance of the knowledge of nature (physis) in the process of epistrophè (return to one’s « Inner Self »). Can these therapies be considered as the roots of a true ecological conversion throughout which we could not only modify the way we look at nature but also be transformed by it? If the answer is yes, what would the terms be? From this perspective, what is the specificity of Christian metanoia compared to Plato’s? To what extent can the doctrine of the “spiritual senses” experienced by both the Franciscan mystic and the neptical Fathers’ « Prayer of the heart » - be considered a crucial step to a living experience of ecological conversion that appeals to our body and heart? To carry out this research, the author relies on the phenomenological methodology, evidencing the links between conversion and reduction.The last part, more specifically dedicated to modern ecology, relies on the definitions of ecological conversion outlined with greek and Christian authors to think through a deep change in our « affect for the world ». Refering to Merleau Ponty’s notions of « flesh of the word » and « wild being », the author endeavours to develop the concept of “universal empathy” as the corner stone of environmental ethics. Through a merleau-pontian interpretation of two major ecological schools of thought, wilderness and deep ecology, the thesis provides tools for elaborating a relational ontology based on two concepts. The first one, called deepening of the Self, refers to the wilderness. The author shows that what has to be preserved is not only territories such as natural reserves but the “wild being” in the innermost part of ourselves so as to enable us to be transformed by nature itself through this experience of wilderness described by famous authors such as Henri-David Thoreau in Walden life in the woods… The second one, called “enlargment of the Self” refers to the experience described by Arne Naess as identification to other living beings as a source of self-realization, echoing the merleau-pontian “flesh of the word”.Aware of the limits of western thought to reach this universal empathy based on non-duality, the author points out, in a conclusive paragraph, the influence of the buddhist way of mind on Arne Naess’s deep ecology, explores a spirituality of the resonance with the world through zen buddhism embodied by Master Dogen, and goes as far as thinking an “echology of Joy”.

Ce mémoire envisage, grâce à l'examen de l'article de Lynn White sur les racines historiques de la crise écologique, de faire avancer une théologie écologique propre aux communautés chrétiennes évangéliques. Suite à la considération de trois voix de la tradition évangélique, nous voulons cerner la contribution qu'apporte l'encyclique du pape François *Laudato si'* à la théologie évangélique au sujet de la crise écologique. Au cœur de ce projet est l'effort d'établir un pont entre les expressions évangéliques et le message de l'encyclique du pape François *Laudato si'*. Cette perspective entre *Laudato si'* et la théologie évangélique porte un regard sur les points de croisements entre la position catholique et le regard évangélique, et ce, toujours à la lumière de la critique de Lynn White. L'écologie durable que propose le pape a le potentiel de nourrir et d'enrichir une réflexion écologique évangélique qui conduit vers une pratique environnementale saine et responsable dans les communautés chrétiennes évangéliques. Notre lecture et notre analyse des discours évangéliques et du message de *Laudato si'* nous mènent à reconnaitre dans le travail de *Laudato si'* l'importance de l'écologie intégrale qui doit être au cœur de nos actions en tant que chrétien dans la création. / This thesis endeavors, through the examination of Lynn White's article on the historical roots of the ecological crisis, to advance an ecological theology that is specific to evangelical Christian communities. After constructively engaging with the three voices of the evangelical tradition, we go on to explore the contribution that Pope Francis's encyclical *Laudato si'* brings to evangelical theology on the subject of the ecological crisis. At the heart of this project is the effort to establish a bridge between evangelical theology and the message of Pope Francis's encyclical *Laudato si'*. This comparison looks at the point of intersection between the Catholic position and the evangelical view, always in light of Lynn White's criticism. The sustainable ecology that the Pope proposes has the potential to nourish and enrich evangelical reflection, which leads towards healthy and responsible environmental practice in evangelical Christian communities. Our analysis of the evangelical position and the message of *Laudato si'* leads us to recognize in the work of *Laudato si'* the importance of integral ecology, which must be at the heart of our actions as Christians in God's creation.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-08-13T13:06:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Luiz Albertus Sleutjes.pdf: 1364866 bytes, checksum: 2d925068a38b0bae73c681e94b144fbd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-13T13:06:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luiz Albertus Sleutjes.pdf: 1364866 bytes, checksum: 2d925068a38b0bae73c681e94b144fbd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-06-15 / Pope Francis, in the Encyclical Laudato Si, assumes a position of those who want to promote dialogue with all those who struggle and engage in caring for Mother Earth, one of the signs of the times, in order to solve the challenges of both social order and of ecological order. Thus, to rethink the theology of creation in its entirety is intended to combat an excluding model acquired by nations over time, especially in the last three decades. This exclusion generates more and more hostility in the common house. Starting from these presuppositions, this work aims to establish a theological reflection on the christian practice and at the same time to offer a theological-ethical collaboration, starting from the dialogue with other knowledge; therefore, it is a question of presenting the coordinates of an ecology that integrates efforts in the political, philosophical and economic field, in the light of the signs of the times. The problematic of this work is based on the following question: What are the theological and pastoral ramifications of Laudato Si in relation to ecclesial conversion and its contribution in the elaboration of ethical proposals to society? To this end, the assumed hypothesis is based on the assumption that the Encyclical Laudato Si contributes both to ecclesiological conversion and to the presentation of ethical principles and attitudes that promote social justice. These proposals go beyond those put forward by the UN, at the conclusion of the Climate Conferences or also called Conferences between the Parties (COPs). Therefore, the research is in the line of theological reflection on Christian practice, moral theology, from an eco-theology. The general objective of this work is to present the limits and possibilities of the dialogue between the integral ecology of Laudato Si and the aspirations of contemporary society in COPs 20 and 21. As specific objectives are: to contemplate reality in its challenges and impulses. In a second moment, discern how society is organized: politics; how one thinks this question: philosophy and the way in which things are produced and consumed: the economy. Finally, propose some reactions that aim to promote the integrality, care and cultivation of life: a celebration to change the look, a prayer for conversion. This research assumes as methodology the bibliographic research coming from different authors, (final considerations) in order to think the reality in the light of the interdependence of the knowledge with a view to finding solutions that are collective. Sustaining the life of everything and everyone depends on reviewing the conduct of this generation to care for and guard the common home in a healthy way and deliver it to the next generations / O papa Francisco, na Encíclica Laudato Si, assume uma postura de quem quer promover o diálogo com todos aqueles que lutam e se engajam pelo cuidado com a mãe Terra, um dos sinais dos tempos, a fim de resolver os desafios tanto de ordem social quanto de ordem ecológica. Assim, repensar a teologia da criação em sua integralidade tem como intenção combater um modelo excludente adquirido pelas nações ao longo do tempo, sobretudo nas três últimas décadas. Essa exclusão gera cada vez mais hostilidade na casa comum. Partindo desses pressupostos, este trabalho visa estabelecer uma reflexão teológica a respeito da prática cristã e ao mesmo tempo oferecer uma colaboração de cunho ético-teológico, a partir do diálogo com outros saberes; logo, trata-se de apresentar as coordenadas de uma ecologia que integre esforços no campo político, filosófico e econômico, à luz dos sinais dos tempos. A problemática deste trabalho parte da seguinte questão: Quais os desdobramentos teológicos pastorais da Laudato Si com relação à conversão eclesial e sua contribuição na elaboração de propostas éticas à sociedade? Para tanto, a hipótese assumida parte do pressuposto de que a Encíclica Laudato Si contribui tanto com a conversão eclesiológica quanto a apresentação de princípios e posturas éticas que promovam a justiça social. Essas propostas vão além das apresentadas pela ONU, na celebração das Conferências sobre o Clima ou também denominadas Conferências entre as partes (COPs). Por isso, a pesquisa se dá na linha da reflexão teológica sobre a prática cristã, a teologia moral, a partir de uma eco-teologia. O objetivo geral deste trabalho é apresentar os limites e as possibilidades do diálogo entre a ecologia integral da Laudato Si e as aspirações da sociedade contemporânea nas COPs 20 e 21. Como objetivos específicos têm-se: contemplar a realidade em seus desafios e impulsos. Num segundo momento, discernir como a sociedade está organizada: a política; como se pensa essa questão: a filosofia e o modo como nela as coisas são produzidas e consumidas: a economia. Por fim, propor algumas reações que visam promover a integralidade, o cuidado e o cultivo da vida: um celebrar para mudar o olhar, um orar para converte-se. Essa pesquisa assume como metodologia a pesquisa bibliográfica oriunda de diferentes autores, (considerações finais) a fim de pensar a realidade à luz da interdependência dos saberes com vistas a encontrar soluções que sejam coletivas. A sustentação da vida de tudo e de todos depende da revisão da conduta desta geração para cuidar e guardar a casa comum de maneira saudável e entregá-la às próximas gerações