This work is included in a broader research of the hadron theory group of Uppsala University and its collaborators tackling the quest for an understanding of the quark distribution inside hadrons by joining threedifferent approaches of QCD namely chiral perturbation theory, dispersion theory and lattice QCD. This thesis contributes by computing in chiral perturbation theory, the quark-masses dependence of form factors. The next-to-next-to-Leading order (NNLO) contribution to the form factors is calculated from one-loop diagrams which brings hadron-masses dependences. The hadron masses are themselves dependent on quark masses. Consequently, the quark-mass dependence of the hadron masses is also addressed in this thesis.The studied process Ω− → W−Ξ0 possesses too many one-loop diagrams to be treated entirely here. This work focuses on the axial-vector sector and more specifically the part coming from the diagrams linear in the low-energy constant hA (see figure 2).To do so, Mathematica and specifically the packages FeynCalc, FeynHelpers and Package X are used. Vector transition form factors at NNLO are presented in the thesis of my colleague Magnus Bertilsson.The present thesis demonstrates that the calculational framework is feasible and paves the way for a complete NNLO calculation.

The progressive metal style "djent" emerged in the mid-to-late 2000s with bands that modeled their use of extended range instruments and complex rhythmic cycles after that of Swedish metal band Meshuggah. The addition of a new vocabulary of melody and harmony by bands such as Periphery, Tesseract, and Animals as Leaders has come to define djent in a new way and provided fruitful ground for voice-leading and metrical analysis. In this dissertation, I approach analysis in two steps. The first step is the production of detailed transcriptions of four djent songs. The process of transcription has allowed for the development of Transcription Preference Rules, modeled after Lerdahl and Jackendoff's preference rule approach in their Generative Theory of Tonal Music. The Transcription Preference Rules account for the selection of key signatures, time signatures, and other features of the scores that may affect analysis. Second, using these scores, I examine the connection between the textual topic of change and the voice-leading and metrical structures in Periphery's "Insomnia" and Tesseract's "Of Matter." I show how this topic is reflected by techniques such as change melodic direction, multidimensional metrical dissonance, and auxiliary cadential events. Finally, I apply voice-leading and metrical analysis to Animals as Leaders's "Tempting Time" and Mute the Saint's "Sound of Scars" in order to show what these analytical techniques reveal about instrumental djent pieces. I show how shifts in meter in "Tempting Time" can be represented cyclically. I conclude by showing how the interaction of metal and North Indian Classical techniques produces a unique representation of Mute the Saint's topic of longing and frustration in "Sound of Scars."

This research overview is an evaluation of knowledge and explores the impact of language linked to mathematics. This particularly in the context of conversations and discussions, on the mathematical understanding of students in the ages between ten to twelve years old. The research overview attempts to examine the role a conversation plays in a concept of learning, specifically in mathematics teaching. With this study we want to create an understanding between the relationship of a rewarding conversation and the understanding of mathematical concepts and systems. Through systematic search and analysis of scientific texts a total of 10 articles were used to gain a proper overview of the subject found through systematic searches of sources such as ERIC, EBSCO and LibSearch. The limitations set for the chosen articles were a timeframe between the years 2011 until 2023, as well as being peer-reviewed. All chosen articles and studies are written in English but originate from different places which provides a wider perspective on the subject. The results show that conversation has an essential role in students' understanding of mathematics. Through correct language that develops in mathematical conversations, a deeper understanding of the subject is created. The research overview also shows the importance of language in shaping students' mathematical knowledge, presenting it as a crucial component of their proficiency in the subject. The research overview further describes the importance of classroom conversations, the teacher's role in the classroom, and the impact of home environments on learning. An aspect related to the subject is how sociocultural thoughts about active learning in a social context reflect the present of Swedish school and its design. By delving deep into the functionality of conversation and the connection between discussion and learning, the school will be able to develop the learning offered in the classroom to better meet the students and their needs. Furthermore, our research concludes that for future educators it is a necessity to balance teacher guidance and student participation in classroom discussions.

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Die im 16. Jahrhundert in Europa weitgehend universell eingesetzte Hexachordsolmisation stand im Laufe des 17. Jahrhunderts verstärkt in der Kritik und sollte um eine siebte Silbe ergänzt werden. Da Solmisationssilben stets mit bestimmten Klangcharakteren assoziiert wurden (u.a. bei Agricola 1533), stellt sich die Frage nach dem etwaigen Klangcharakter einer siebten Silbe. Die Klangcharaktere der Solmisationssilben definieren sich, wie auch die Solmisationssilben selbst, durch eine jeweils konkrete Position im diatonischen Raum. Da der Hexachord stets nur einen Teil des diatonischen Raumes beleuchtet, überschneiden sich die Definitionen, wie auch die Klangcharaktere von je zwei Solmisationssilben. Außerdem kommen die der Diatonik inhärenten Intervalle der übermäßigen Quarte und verminderten Quinte im Hexachord nicht vor, die siebte Silbe hingegen trägt das harmonische und melodische Potential der übermäßigen Quarte und verminderten Quinte in sich. Dies kann eine mögliche Erklärung dafür sein, warum sie in der Hexachordsolmisation ausgespart, jedoch im Zuge der Entwicklung der Musiksprache im 17. Jahrhundert als fehlend empfunden wurde. / Hexachord solmisation, which was used almost universally throughout Europe in the sixteenth century, came under increasing criticism in the seventeenth century, with theorists advocating the addition of a seventh syllable. The widespread association of specific solmisation syllables with specific sound qualities (e.g., in Agricola, 1533) raises the question of the sound quality of a seventh syllable. A solmisation syllable is defined by its unique position in the diatonic scale, which in turn leads to its inherent sound quality. As the hexachord takes into consideration only part of the diatonic scale, the definitions as well as sound qualities of some solmisation syllables overlap. Moreover, the augmented fourth and diminished fifth, though inherent in the diatonic scale, are absent from the hexachord. The seventh syllable, however, strongly connotes the augmented fourth and diminished fifth – a possible explanation for its absence in hexachordal solmisation until the evolving musical language of the seventeenth century found it missing.

This study addresses the critical need for effective thermal management in hypersonic vehicles facing intense heat at their leading edge due to high enthalpy flow. The objective is to propose an active impingement cooling system that ensures the structural stability and performance of these vehicles. This dissertation presents an in-depth exploration of the numerical simulations conducted on the hypersonic leading edge, focusing on a 3mm radius with active cooling utilizing supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO2) as the coolant. The research incorporates conjugate simulations that merge external hypersonic flow and sCO2 active cooling. Utilizing a thermodynamic non-equilibrium two-temperature model and various chemical models, including the 5-species Park's model and the 11-species Gupta's model, separate validations for the external hypersonic flow and internal sCO2 coolant flow were conducted. These validations facilitated combined simulations, underscoring the potential of maintaining metal temperatures within operational limits using sCO2 coolant. A comparative study of the 5- 5-species Park model and 11-species Gupta model demonstrated the former's effectiveness in predicting flow fields at Mach 7. Furthermore, this study shows the effect of varying the coolant tube-to-leading-edge distance (H/D), Thermal barrier coating thickness, and impingement angles, demonstrating improved heat transfer performance through these variations. A key aspect of this work is the exploration of converting hypersonic vehicle heat flux to power using the sCO2 cycle. The conceptual study, illustrated through the Mach 7 case, confirms the feasibility of harnessing power from aerodynamic heat flux, marking a significant progression in the field. This research contributes to the field by offering a detailed analysis of active impingement cooling for hypersonic leading edges, integrating real gas effects and multiple chemical models. The study adds novelty by investigating heat transfer enhancements through iv geometric variations and evaluating sCO2's potential as a coolant, addressing key facets of hypersonic vehicle thermal management.