This study deals with the problem relating to the prevalence of a lack of trust amongst members of today's society generally, and in particular between college lecturers and student teachers. The aim of the dissertation is to investigate the role of the lecturer in cultivating a relationship of trust with the student teacher, especially during teaching practice. The study reveals that the trust relationship manifests itself in various moments. Some characteristics of an effective supervising lecturer are also reflected upon. The major research consists of an empirical investigation into which characteristics of an effective supervising lecturer contribute most towards cultivating a relationship of trust with student teachers during teaching practice. A survey of colleges of education and schools in the former Transkei region participating in the empirical investigation is also conducted. The findings of the research indicate that the following categories need to be enhanced 'through training : personal, professional and guidance. / Education / M. Ed. (Philosophy of Education)

This study deals with the problem relating to the prevalence of a lack of trust amongst members of today's society generally, and in particular between college lecturers and student teachers. The aim of the dissertation is to investigate the role of the lecturer in cultivating a relationship of trust with the student teacher, especially during teaching practice. The study reveals that the trust relationship manifests itself in various moments. Some characteristics of an effective supervising lecturer are also reflected upon. The major research consists of an empirical investigation into which characteristics of an effective supervising lecturer contribute most towards cultivating a relationship of trust with student teachers during teaching practice. A survey of colleges of education and schools in the former Transkei region participating in the empirical investigation is also conducted. The findings of the research indicate that the following categories need to be enhanced 'through training : personal, professional and guidance. / Education / M. Ed. (Philosophy of Education)

Accounting education, and specifically audit education, has been calling for change in the teaching methodology applied by audit lecturers in higher education since the 1950s. This call for change is evident in current literature, which indicates that the approach followed in audit education has been creating a knowledge-to-application barrier. Despite the vigorous research on how to change the way audit students are taught at universities and other higher education institutions, consensus has yet to be reached on the teaching methodology that would produce competent and self-efficient young professionals entering practice after graduation. The literature review performed in this thesis indicated a gap between research and practice in accounting education and research, first, because the research seems too technical for practitioners to understand and, secondly, too many research objectives seem unrelated to the realities of practice. Based on these findings, this thesis provides the novice researcher in accounting education with some guidelines on the research methodologies that could be applied in this field. It also highlights some best practices that should be followed when conducting research in this field. It was noted from the literature that all the variables in the audit teaching-learning environment need consideration when attempting to bring change to this environment, because each variable would have an impact on transforming the current approach followed in audit pedagogy. These variables were identified as: • The audit lecturer; • The audit student; • The subject content of the audit teaching-learning environment; and Summary • The milieu of the audit teaching-learning environment. In an attempt to answer the call for change in audit education, this thesis sought to develop an audit simulation as an educational tool which takes into account all the variables in the audit teaching-learning environment and can be applied at universities and other audit training institutions around the globe. A framework for simulation design was developed based on the findings of the literature review and informed the development of the audit simulation. The simulation was, subsequently, applied and evaluated at a university accredited by the South African Institute of Chartered Accountants. The newly developed audit simulation was evaluated by applying a mixed methodology research design, which had been proven to be a resourceful and trusted design in accounting education research in the past. Pre-test and post-test questionnaires were administered to the respondents as part of a quasi-experimental design. The quantitative findings from these tests were supported by qualitative findings from focus group discussions. The empirical findings from the pre-test questionnaire confirmed the call for change and the room for improvement in the current teaching methodology in the audit classroom. Participants indicated lower levels in some competencies relative to other competencies, which also did not particularly score satisfactory when the competence levels were evaluated. The competencies that showed the lowest level of achievement due to the current teaching methodology, as perceived by the participants, included executing the work plan, evaluating the evidence and drawing conclusions, and drafting the report upon completion of the engagement. It was also established that the call for change was not confined to only one university in South Africa, which broadened the generalisability of the research findings, conclusions and recommendations of this study. The results of both the quantitative and qualitative analysis support the view that the newly developed audit simulation is able to assist in bringing change to audit education. The simulation had a positive effect on the audit students’ perceived competence levels in the competencies of auditing and assurance, and the various generic and pervasive skills tested in this study. Furthermore, it was established that the audit simulation had a greater effect on the audit students’ perceived broad competence levels (i.e. auditing and assurance, and generic and pervasive skills) and their understanding of the audit process as a whole, in relation to just attending normal lectures. The qualitative findings from the focus group discussions informed the quantitative findings by indicating that the audit simulation proved to be an instrument that, among other things: Summary • Gave students the opportunity to obtain a holistic view of the audit process; • Assisted students in visualising how the audit theory is applied in practice; • Actively involved the students in the learning process; and • Replicated audit practice. Finally, it was confirmed that the newly developed audit simulation takes into account the variables in the audit teaching-learning environment which need consideration if transformation is to take place in the way the audit subject is currently being taught at higher education level. Recommendations on the way forward in audit education, based on the findings in this thesis, were also provided. This study provides audit lecturers and other audit educators around the world with a newly developed, empirically evaluated audit simulation which can be applied in the audit classroom as well as assist in answering the current call for change to audit education. / PhD (Accountancy), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

Accounting education, and specifically audit education, has been calling for change in the teaching methodology applied by audit lecturers in higher education since the 1950s. This call for change is evident in current literature, which indicates that the approach followed in audit education has been creating a knowledge-to-application barrier. Despite the vigorous research on how to change the way audit students are taught at universities and other higher education institutions, consensus has yet to be reached on the teaching methodology that would produce competent and self-efficient young professionals entering practice after graduation. The literature review performed in this thesis indicated a gap between research and practice in accounting education and research, first, because the research seems too technical for practitioners to understand and, secondly, too many research objectives seem unrelated to the realities of practice. Based on these findings, this thesis provides the novice researcher in accounting education with some guidelines on the research methodologies that could be applied in this field. It also highlights some best practices that should be followed when conducting research in this field. It was noted from the literature that all the variables in the audit teaching-learning environment need consideration when attempting to bring change to this environment, because each variable would have an impact on transforming the current approach followed in audit pedagogy. These variables were identified as: • The audit lecturer; • The audit student; • The subject content of the audit teaching-learning environment; and Summary • The milieu of the audit teaching-learning environment. In an attempt to answer the call for change in audit education, this thesis sought to develop an audit simulation as an educational tool which takes into account all the variables in the audit teaching-learning environment and can be applied at universities and other audit training institutions around the globe. A framework for simulation design was developed based on the findings of the literature review and informed the development of the audit simulation. The simulation was, subsequently, applied and evaluated at a university accredited by the South African Institute of Chartered Accountants. The newly developed audit simulation was evaluated by applying a mixed methodology research design, which had been proven to be a resourceful and trusted design in accounting education research in the past. Pre-test and post-test questionnaires were administered to the respondents as part of a quasi-experimental design. The quantitative findings from these tests were supported by qualitative findings from focus group discussions. The empirical findings from the pre-test questionnaire confirmed the call for change and the room for improvement in the current teaching methodology in the audit classroom. Participants indicated lower levels in some competencies relative to other competencies, which also did not particularly score satisfactory when the competence levels were evaluated. The competencies that showed the lowest level of achievement due to the current teaching methodology, as perceived by the participants, included executing the work plan, evaluating the evidence and drawing conclusions, and drafting the report upon completion of the engagement. It was also established that the call for change was not confined to only one university in South Africa, which broadened the generalisability of the research findings, conclusions and recommendations of this study. The results of both the quantitative and qualitative analysis support the view that the newly developed audit simulation is able to assist in bringing change to audit education. The simulation had a positive effect on the audit students’ perceived competence levels in the competencies of auditing and assurance, and the various generic and pervasive skills tested in this study. Furthermore, it was established that the audit simulation had a greater effect on the audit students’ perceived broad competence levels (i.e. auditing and assurance, and generic and pervasive skills) and their understanding of the audit process as a whole, in relation to just attending normal lectures. The qualitative findings from the focus group discussions informed the quantitative findings by indicating that the audit simulation proved to be an instrument that, among other things: Summary • Gave students the opportunity to obtain a holistic view of the audit process; • Assisted students in visualising how the audit theory is applied in practice; • Actively involved the students in the learning process; and • Replicated audit practice. Finally, it was confirmed that the newly developed audit simulation takes into account the variables in the audit teaching-learning environment which need consideration if transformation is to take place in the way the audit subject is currently being taught at higher education level. Recommendations on the way forward in audit education, based on the findings in this thesis, were also provided. This study provides audit lecturers and other audit educators around the world with a newly developed, empirically evaluated audit simulation which can be applied in the audit classroom as well as assist in answering the current call for change to audit education. / PhD (Accountancy), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

The thesis titled Development of Lecturers of Lifelong Learning for Healthcare Professionals examines the impact of development and education of workers in an organisation on the factors influencing professional behaviour. The theoretical part of the thesis defines the terms pertinent to the personnel-related activities of each organisation in the field of human resource management and is focused particularly on development and education. It analyses the specifics of this field regarding educators and more detailed attention is paid to the specific selected group of lecturers engaged in educating eye care professionals in contactology. The research part of the thesis concentrates on verifying the research assumption, which is the favourable impact of development and education of workers on their professional results and on the factors influencing their behaviour. This part of the thesis contains a quantitative survey carried out using the questionnaire method and semi-structured interviews with the lecturers and executives of selected organisations. Subsequently, it presents the outcomes of the given survey, which are also analysed, along with identification of strengths and weaknesses. The thesis then outlines general recommendations for the examined organisation, which are based on the...

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The work is focused on creating a set of teaching materials on the theme "Birds", which are designed for work groups of pupils aged 8-11 years old elementary school under the guidance of a teacher without the presence of the trainer Zoo Hluboká nad Vltavou. File ("teaching package") will provide information and tools used to help demonstrate the approach of the topics dealt directly with exhibitions focusing on birds, guidance and information for teachers and worksheets for children, including solutions. Individual locations are related with biogeography and apply to the specific environment selected birds groups.

This study starts from the historical, political and educational context of Special Education in the Maceió municipal school system, with the objective of the understanding the process of constitution of professional identity of Special Education Teachers, based on their own oral narratives. The questions that guided the research have priority in the formation of professional identity of these teachers, from the knowledge mobilized in and work, in view of the tensions incited by the process of initial and continuing education and the teaching profession. The methodology involved a qualitative emphasis to thematic oral history, focusing on the biographical method, adopting as technical narrative interviews. We analyzed the oral reports of three Special Education teachers, considered references among their peers and representatives of three distinct moments of Special Education in the city of Maceio: special classes, resource rooms (SR) and Multifunction Resource Rooms (SRM). In the analysis of the narratives, we tried to establish a comprehensive dialogue with the studies and research relating to the construction of inclusive educational systems and teaching identity. They were also analyzed the documents of the Municipal Education (SEMED) of Maceió for the context of deployment and implementation of the special education in public schools, involving action reports, plans of the Special Education Department and data related to the implementation and expansion of special classes, resource rooms and Multifunction Resource Rooms in the public schools of basic education in recent years. The theoretical framework allowed the understanding of the narrative faculty, and is based upon the discussions and studies on professional identity, nature of the Educational Service Specialist (ESA) and the Special Education teacher training. The narratives have shown, in the broader context, the identity constitution professor of special education results in a learning process that strengthens the teaching conversion process and, in some cases in the Special Education teacher deprofessionalization arising from educational policies of neoliberal reforms, precariousness and the initial and continuing education policy. In more specific level, the knowledge that constitute the professional identity of teachers-narrators are from personal and professional experiences. he training model assumed by SEMED, despite being considered significant and foundational, just turned professional practice, which remains influenced by clinical concepts, therapeutic and welfare. The Special Class modification to SR was more significant for having reflected on the need for a new school organization; since the transformation of SR for SRM did not respond to expectations, regarding inclusion and guarantee learning, implying only in infrastructure changes in the school environment and in the thematic training with the intention of adapting these professionals the new demands of Education inclusive. Understanding, in oral narratives, the establishment of movement of teacher’s identities allowed to understand how teachers are autonomies "teachers" and "teachers of Special Education", considering that identify moments, questioning, self-define and confrontations resulting from troubled the context of implementation of inclusive educational systems and teacher retraining requirements that derive the teaching deprofessionalization. / Este estudio del contexto histórico, político y educativo de la educación especial en la escuela municipal de Maceió, con el fin de comprender el proceso de formación de la identidad profesional de los maestros de educación especial de sus propias narrativas orales. Las preguntas que guiaron la investigación tienen prioridad en la formación de la identidad profesional estos maestros, a partir del conocimiento movilizó en el trabajo y, a la vista de las tensiones incitados por el proceso de formación inicial y continua y la profesión docente. La metodología consistió en un enfoque cualitativo a la historia oral temática, centrándose en el método biográfico, adoptando como entrevistas narrativas. Informes orales de tres maestros de educación especial se analizaron como referencias entre sus pares y representantes de tres momentos distintos de la educación especial en la ciudad de Maceió: clases especiales, salones de recursos (SR) y salas de recursos multifunción (SRM). En el análisis de las narrativas, hemos tratado de establecer un diálogo global con los estudios y la investigación relacionada con la construcción de sistemas educativos inclusivos y la identidad docente. También se analizaron los documentos de la Educación Municipal (SEMED) de Maceió para el contexto de la creación e implementación de la educación especial en las escuelas públicas, que implica un reporte de acciones, planes de educación continua del Departamento de Educación Especial y los datos relacionados con la aplicación y la expansión de las clases especiales, SR y SRM en las escuelas públicas de educación básica en los últimos años. El marco teórico que permitió la comprensión de la facultad narrativa, y se basa en los debates y estudios sobre la identidad profesional, la naturaleza de la Especialista en Educación de Servicio (ESA) y la formación de profesores de educación especial. Los relatos han demonstrado, en el contexto más amplio, el profesor constitución identidad de los resultados de educación especial en un proceso de aprendizaje que fortalece el proceso de conversión de la enseñanza y, en algunos casos en el impuesto sobre la desprofesionalización docente de educación especial derivados de políticas educativas de las reformas neoliberales, de la precariedad y de políticas inicial y la formación continua. En el nivel más específico, el conocimiento que constituyen la identidad profesional de los profesores-narradores son de las experiencias personales y profesionales. El modelo de formación asumido por SEMED, a pesar de ser considerada significativa y fundamental, acaba de cumplir la práctica profesional, que queda influenciado por conceptos clínicos, terapéuticos y de bienestar. La modificación de Clase Especial de SR fue más significativa por haber reflexionado sobre la necesidad de una nueva organización escolar; ya que la transformación de la SR para SRM no respondió a las expectativas, con respecto a la inclusión y el aprendizaje de garantía, lo que implica solamente en los cambios de infraestructura en el entorno escolar y en la formación temática con la intención de adaptar estos profesionales las nuevas exigencias de la Educación inclusive. La comprensión, en las narrativas orales, la creación del movimiento de los maestros identidades permitió entender cómo los profesores son autonomeiam "maestros" y "maestros de Educación Especial", teniendo en cuenta que identifican momentos, cuestionando, auto definir y confrontaciones que resultan de turbado el contexto de la implementación de sistemas educativos inclusivos y requisitos de reentrenamiento maestro que se derivan de la desprofesionalización docente. / Este estudo parte do contexto histórico-político-educacional da Educação Especial na rede municipal de ensino de Maceió, com o objetivo de compreender o processo de constituição da identidade profissional de professores de Educação Especial, a partir de suas próprias narrativas orais. As questões que orientaram a investigação deram prioridade na constituição da identidade profissional destes professores, dos saberes mobilizados no e pelo trabalho, tendo em vista as tensões instigadas pelo processo de formação inicial e continuada e o exercício da docência. A metodologia utilizada envolveu a abordagem qualitativa da história oral temática, com ênfase no método biográfico, adotando como técnica a entrevista narrativa. Foram analisados os relatos orais de três professoras de Educação Especial, consideradas referências entre seus pares e representantes de três momentos distintos da Educação Especial no Município de Maceió: Classes Especiais, Sala de Recursos (SR) e Salas de Recursos Multifuncionais (SRM). Na análise das narrativas, procurou-se estabelecer um diálogo compreensivo com os estudos e as pesquisas referentes à construção de sistemas educacionais inclusivos e à identidade docente. Foram também analisados os documentos da Secretaria Municipal de Educação (SEMED) de Maceió relativos ao contexto de implantação e implementação da Educação Especial na rede municipal, envolvendo os relatórios de ação, planos de formação continuada do Departamento de Educação Especial e dados referentes à implantação e expansão das classes especiais, Salas de Recursos e Salas de Recursos Multifuncionais nas escolas públicas municipais de Educação Básica nos últimos anos. O referencial teórico utilizado permitiu a compreensão das narrativas docentes, tendo como fundamento as discussões e os estudos sobre identidade profissional, natureza do Atendimento Educacional Especializado (AEE) e formação de professores de Educação Especial. As narrativas demonstraram, no âmbito mais geral, que a identidades profissional do professor de Educação Especial resulta num processo formativo que fortalece o processo de reconversão docente e, em alguns casos, na desprofissionalização do professor de Educação Especial decorrente de políticas educacionais oriundas das reformas neoliberais, da precarização e da política de formação inicial e continuada. Em âmbito mais específico, os saberes que constituem a identidade profissional das professoras-narradoras são oriundos de experiências pessoais e profissionais. O modelo formativo assumido pela SEMED, apesar de ser considerado significativo e fundante, pouco transformou o exercício profissional, que permanece influenciado por concepções clínicas, terapêuticas e assistencialistas. A modificação de Classe Especial para SR foi mais significativa por ter repercutido na necessidade de uma nova organização escolar; já a transformação de SR para SRM não atendeu ao esperado, no que se refere à inclusão e à garantia de aprendizagem, implicando apenas em mudanças de infraestrutura no ambiente escolar e nas temáticas de formação com a pretensão de adequar estes profissionais as novas demandas da Educação Inclusiva. A compreensão, nas narrativas orais, do movimento de constituição das identidades docentes permitiu entender como docentes se autonomeiam “professores” e “professores de Educação Especial”, considerando os momentos que se identificam, se questionam, se auto definem e os enfrentamentos resultantes de um contexto conturbado de implantação de sistemas educacionais inclusivos e das exigências de reconversão docente, que derivam na desprofissionalização docente.

This thesis deals with the linking of school education with museum educational activities. It focuses primarily on the possibility of primary schools. It assesses how the museum can be used in the implementation of educational activities. He draws attention to specific forms of educational activities at the museum. In Detail, it is focused on defining the various teaching methods that can be prioritized in museum education. The thesis describes the role of museum education program, which is applicable in the project classes at school. The entire work points out apparent effort to integrate extracurricular learning opportunities taking place in the museum with school hours. Museum learning is seen as complementary and expanding the classroom. Yet he constantly emphasizes the uniqueness of the museum. Museum with a different environment from the school can offer a remarkable experience associated with teaching.

The M.A. thesis "The Prevention of hazardous Behaviour" researches the cooperation and interconnectedness of three professional groups and conducts a describes their experience and opinions in the field of child and youth risk-behaviour. The three (target) respondent groups are: primary school prevention methodists, OSPOD social workers and a group of professional lecturers of primary prevention of risk behaviour. The theoretical part introduces definitions and theoretical concepts of hazardous behaviour and types methods of their prevention. In its conclusion, the theoretical part summarizes of selected primary laws. The practical part of the thesis presents a summary and an analysis of data gathered through a survey among the respondent groups.