The submitted dissertation thesis analyses the principle of primacy of EU law from the basic point of view of legal theory. It points out different approaches to the primacy principle and examines the arguments on which these approaches are based. The fist part of the thesis deals with the examination of the primacy principle related to its legal basis, using the sources most frequently listed in the literature: the founding treaties, the case law of the Court of Justice, legal theory (Kelsen's basic norm, Hart's rule of recognition and the legal sociology approaches), and international and national law. I have focused on the historical documents (Treaty Establishing the European Coal and Steel Community, Treaty Establishing the European Economic Community), the concepts based on them (doctrine of the conferred powers and the principle of subsidiarity), and the non-ratified Treaty Establishing a Constitution for Europe and legally non-binding Declaration No. 17 attached to the Lisbon Treaty. I have applied a critical approach to the argumentation of the Court of Justice in the decisions establishing the principle of primacy: Van Gend en Loos, Costa, Internationale Handelsgesellschaft, Simmenthal. Taking into account the existing objections against the arguments used by the Court of Justice, I have...

66 The principle of solidarity and its impact on the Czech social security system Abstract This thesis studies and describes the application of the social solidarity principle in the social security law, which is an elementary principle in this field. It is a widely discussed topic, as the extent of its application directly impacts the standard of living for most people. It is the care for the needy that determines the cultural character of given society. The thesis consists of the general part and the special part. In the general part, the social solidarity principle is defined, as well as other principles: the contradictory principle of equivalence, the justice principle and the subsidiarity principle. The general part also deals with the philosophical and historical context of solidarity that stems from the Jewish-Christian roots of the European culture. In the modern era, it focuses on the evolution of the conception of solidarity and solidarity principle in the area of the Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia. It shows that the current state of the social security system builds on the rich intellectual past of Czech economists and lawyers. Moreover, there are inspiring people and ideas in this area nowadays. It is a never-ending task to keep looking for the best among them. The special part analyses the...

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:23:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Eduardo Canizella Junior.pdf: 606329 bytes, checksum: bad7c39e72a3bd8cd22a5bc309b8a9e5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-09-18 / This work serves the purpose of analyzing the concept of legal principle as a kind of standard, its special mode of application to the specific case (weighting) the limits of this mode of application and the theories of legal argumentation arising from the realization of these limits. Each of these topics is developed on grounds of the work of one of the leading exponents of post-positivism, Robert Alexy / O presente trabalho tem por finalidade analisar o conceito de princípio jurídico como espécie de norma, seu especial modo de aplicação ao caso concreto (a ponderação), os limites desse modo de aplicação e as teorias de argumentação jurídica que decorrem da constatação desses limites. Cada um desses tópicos é desenvolvido com fundamento na obra de um dos principais expoentes do pós-positivismo, Robert Alexy

This thesis; apart from an introduction of the concept of legal principles, their importance and settlement of their conflicts; deals with an analysis of legal provisions relating to the legal principles and policies in the first, general section, Chapter I of the Civil Code, as these are the primary provisions with relevance to the entire private law. It further evaluates state of the current legislation and its positive and negative aspects. It focuses in detail on the principle of fairness, as it is a principle aiming for an important improvement of legal relations. It also deals with the key interrelated principles of the civil law - the principle of the freedom of choice, and the principle of equality and protection of the weaker party; their importance is also followed in chapters devoted to the selected special legal regulations of the private law (family law, labour law, and commercial law). Chapter 4 of this thesis deals with analysis of importance and role of good morals in the civil law. An independent section focuses on the term of public order in the civil law providing explanation of their common function. It also provides detailed analysis of legal construction of definition of nature of legal rules, seen not just as a theoretical legal problem, but also a practical one, as it is the...

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:24:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Julia Maria Plenamente Silva.pdf: 768915 bytes, checksum: dc64d185ccab08d24e5d3e400c96223f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-18 / The presented thesis is engaged in the principle of dynamic cohesion in Urban Law and order to identify its legal content. The doctrine attributed to the dynamic cohesion nature of autonomous legal principle and content that approaches the system concept itself. Based on the Law General Theory, we start from the analysis of the meaning of the expressions legal principle and legal system. Then move on to the study of the principles of planning and social function of property , we consider fundamental to the identification of Brazilian Urban Law, in order to relate them, especially the principle of planning, to dynamic cohesion. Finally, from the constitutional and infra-constitutional legal norms of urban policy, we will make a proposal of content to be assigned to the principle of dynamic cohesion / A tese apresentada tem por objeto o princípio da coesão dinâmica em Direito Urbanístico e por finalidade a identificação de seu conteúdo jurídico. A doutrina atribuiu à coesão dinâmica a natureza de princípio jurídico autônomo e conteúdo que se aproxima do próprio conceito de sistema. Com base na Teoria Geral do Direito, partiremos da análise do significado das expressões princípio jurídico e sistema jurídico. Em seguida, passaremos ao estudo dos princípios do planejamento e função social da propriedade, que consideramos fundamentais à identificação do Direito Urbanístico brasileiro, com vistas a relacioná-los, especialmente o princípio do planejamento, à coesão dinâmica. Por fim, a partir das normas jurídicas constitucionais e infraconstitucionais sobre política urbana, faremos uma proposta de conteúdo a ser atribuído ao princípio da coesão dinâmica

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:25:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao defendida e aprovada Narliane.pdf: 743771 bytes, checksum: 94853db1dabcb5389c9b89d2c92f21ac (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-27 / The current panorama experienced by society, from the perspective of genetic improvement, especially the vegetables, attracts the questioning about application of legal principle of precaution, this due to scientific uncertainty of possible damage that they may trigger on long term. Thus, due to changes in environmental conditions and effect of necessary human health by use of biotechnology has brought the principal object of this work is to analyze the precautionary principle and the process of releasing plants genetically altered and improved, in particular of cultivars and of transgenic crops under the legal perspective. Because two processes were analyzed for release of genetically modified organisms, which are the "rice LL62" Bayer and the bean "GM Embrapa 5.1" of Embrapa, being that the first is an application of experiment and the second a request for marketing. Noting that both the studies of genetic improvement and the protection of the environment are guarded by the Federal Constitution of 1988. Also, due the questions in the legal field study examined whether the Commission's release process Tecnic National de Biossegurança CTNBio follows the fulfilment of the minimum specifications required by the precautionary principle and whether they are sufficient to ensure food safety and to avoid possible irreversible degradation of the environment. Social and legal context, remaining evidenced differences polemics in relation to the said applications for the release and the precautionary principle, which encounters a single technological challenge to be respected. Thus, the Judiciary, under the Constitutional vision, the environment and administrative nature, should grant the scientific advancement with the fulfilment of minimum requirements for these releases or require the fulfilment of bureaucracy hailed by society? / O atual panorama vivenciado pela sociedade, sob a ótica do melhoramento genético, em especial a dos vegetais, atrai o questionamento sobre aplicação do Princípio Jurídico da Precaução, isto devido à incerteza científica dos possíveis danos que estes podem deflagrar em longo prazo. Assim, devido às alterações nas condições do meio ambiente e por efeito necessário na saúde do ser humano pelo uso da Biotecnologia trouxe o principal objeto do presente trabalho, que é analisar o Princípio da Precaução e o processo de liberação de vegetais melhorados e alterados geneticamente, em específico dos Cultivares e dos Transgênicos sob a ótica jurídica. Porquanto, foram analisados dois processos de liberação dos Organismos Geneticamente Modificados, que são o arroz LL62 da Bayer e o feijão GM Embrapa 5.1 da Embrapa, sendo que o primeiro um pedido de experimento e o segundo um pedido de comercialização. Observando que tanto os estudos do melhoramento genético quanto a proteção do meio ambiente são resguardados pela Constituição Federal de 1988. Igualmente, devidos os questionamentos no campo jurídico o estudo analisou se o processo de liberação utilizado pela Comissão Técnica Nacional de Biossegurança CTNBio segue o cumprimento dos requisitos mínimos exigidos pelo Princípio da Precaução e se são suficientes para garantir a segurança alimentar e para evitar possíveis degradação irreversíveis ao meio ambiente. Do contexto social e legal, restam evidenciadas, as divergências polêmicas em relação aos referidos pedidos de liberação e o Princípio da Precaução, que encontra um desafio tecnológico único para conseguir ser respeitado. Destarte, o Poder Judiciário, sob a visão Constitucional, do Meio Ambiente e Administrativo, deve conceder o avanço científico com o cumprimento dos requisitos mínimos estabelecidos para estas liberações ou exigir o cumprimento da burocracia aclamada pela sociedade?