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As the Limited English Proficient (LEP) patient population continues to grow significantly in the United States, healthcare providers find themselves facing challenging language barriers when providing care for these patients. To provide high quality care, providers must find ways to overcome the language gap impeding on the patient-provider relationship. Without the appropriate means of communication, LEP patients face health inequities, poorer health outcomes, patient safety issues, reduced patient satisfaction, and lack of access to health services. The COVID-19 pandemic amplified these disparities and magnified the challenges in providing equitable care for the LEP population. There have been legal and local strides taken to address the language gap in healthcare. Many institutions made efforts to ensure access through strategies like identifying and documenting LEP patients preferred language and ensuring provisions for access of these services. Despite these changes professional interpreters use remains low. There are many reasons for the under-utilization of medical interpreters by healthcare professionals including expense of translating and interpreting services, lack of appropriate time to gain access to an interpreter, and the heavy reliance on ad hoc interpreters. There is a large body of research dedicated to increasing access to interpreter services but the degree at which utilization increases is still minimal. There is little research on ways to empower LEP patients to increase utilization of professional interpretation services.

The purpose of this research was to learn how teachers, school division policies, and community influences facilitated the transition of middle school Limited English Proficient (LEP) students from their native language to English. The research questions are: (1) How did the content area teachers influence the LEP student with learning English? (2) How did the ESL teacher influence the LEP student with learning English? (3) How did the school division policies influence the LEP student with learning English? (4) Which community influences assisted the LEP student with learning English? ESL students from one school district were randomly selected from a list of students currently enrolled the middle school level three ESL program. Selection criteria included: (1) middle school student, (2) level three English proficiency, (3) Spanish speaking as the primary language of the student, and (4) enrollment for five consecutive years within the school system. Individual interviews were conducted with students, regular education teachers and ESL teachers selected to participate in the study. Data were analyzed using the Constant Comparative Method (Maykut & Morehouse, 1994). Findings revealed the content area teacher assisted the student by using a variety of instructional strategies including small group assistance, games and hands on activities, use of visuals and articulation. The ESL tutor assisted the student by using games, hands on activities, and visuals. The tutors also focused on grade level curriculum, provided testing assistance and positive reinforcement. The school division policies influenced the student by structuring policies to assist with proper placement and success of the LEP student. These policies include scheduling, grading, screening, and communication with parents. The community influenced the LEP student by the language spoken in the home, family and extended family assistance, and parent involvement with the school. As a result of the research, recommendations for changes to the current ESL program were suggested. These recommendations include increased parent and community involvement, content area teacher training including teaching strategies, revision and distribution of the ESL policy guide, and formation of a steering committee including parents, teachers, administrators, community members and ESL coordinator. / Ed. D.

Doctor en Ciencias, Mención Computación / La generación y refinamiento de mallas son temas de gran interés en aplicaciones tales como simulación de fenómenos físicos mediante el uso de los métodos de elementos finitos, en aplicaciones CAD, modelado geométrico y mallas geométricas. Una malla es un conjunto de elementos geométricos (polígonos o poliedros) que no se superponen, los cuales están conectados por medio de vértices, aristas y caras, que se usan para aproximar dominios geométricos. Los algoritmos de refinamiento producen mallas cada vez más finas para discretizar dominios complejos, representar objetos con topologías arbitrarias y también superficies con formas complejas. En esta tesis se estudió la paralelización de algoritmos de refinamiento basados en el concepto de Lepp para sistemas multicore (multinúcleo) y sistemas distribuidos. Se consideraron dos problemas: (1) refinamiento de mallas de buena calidad: aquí dada una malla de entrada de buena calidad, ésta es iterativa y localmente refinada (de acuerdo a un requerimiento externo a la aplicación) para producir una malla final de calidad análoga a la inicial; (2) refinamiento de triangulaciones Delaunay de mala calidad, donde dada una triangulación Delaunay de entrada de mala calidad (con una geometría dada), deseamos producir una triangulación Delaunay de buena calidad y de tamaño óptimo. Algoritmos basados en el concepto de Lepp son algoritmos refinamiento por la arista más larga mejorados donde el refinamiento de cualquier triángulo t tiene asociado un Lepp(t). En el contexto de los sistemas multicore se desarrollaron algoritmos Lepp-bisección multicore eficientes y escalables para el refinamiento de mallas de 2 y 3 dimensiones. También se desarrolló un algoritmo Lepp-Delaunay multicore para la generación de mallas Delaunay de buena calidad. En el contexto de los sistemas de memoria distribuida se desarrolló un algoritmo Lepp-bisección distribuido para el refinamiento de mallas de 2 dimensiones donde la malla inicial es subdividida dentro de un conjunto de submallas (o subparticiones), las cuales son distribuidas entre los procesadores. También se desarrolló una estrategia eficiente para garantizar que se obtiene una malla final válida (conforme) en las interfaces de submallas vecinas. Se realizaron evaluaciones empíricas de los algoritmos paralelos sobre arquitecturas multicore y sistemas de memoria distribuida que muestran que los algoritmos paralelos tienen buen desempeño.

Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist eine umfassende Analyse von Erzeugung und anschließenden Zerfällen von Neutralinos im Nichtminimalen Supersymmetrischen Standardmodell (NMSSM) speziell für den nächsten verfügbaren Elektron-Positron-Speicherring LEP2 am CERN mit einer voraussichtlichen Schwerpunktsenergie von 190 GeV. Das NMSSM ist die einfachste Erweiterung des Minimalen Supersymmetrischen Standardmodells MSSM mit einem Singlett-Superfeld, so dass der Higgs-Sektor insgesamt sieben physikalische Higgs-Teilchen enthält, und zwar drei neutrale skalare, zwei pseudoskalare und zwei geladene. Weiterhin enthält das NMSSM fünf Neutralinos gegenüber vier im MSSM. In dieser Arbeit präsentieren wir die 5 x 5 Neutralinomischungsmatrix, stellen die Eigenwertgleichung auf und analysieren das Massenspektrum und die Parameterabhängigkeit möglicher masseloser Zustände. Für die Untersuchung von Neutralinoproduktion und -zerfall wurden verschiedene Szenarien gewählt, in denen das leichteste Neutralino eine Masse von 10 GeV und eine Singlettkomponente von über 90% besitzt oder in denen das leichteste Neutralino bis zu 50 Gev schwer ist und sich der Singlettanteil auf die beiden leichtesten Neutralinos verteilt. Die Wirkungsquerschnitte für die Neutralinoproduktion wurden in den gewählten Szenarien für Schwerpunktsenergien von 100 GeV bis 600 GeV berechnet, also bis zu einem Bereich, den ein geplanter Elektron-Positron-Linearbeschleuniger erreichen kann. Typische Wirkungsquerschnitte für die direkte Produktion vorwiegend singlettartiger Neutralinos liegen im Bereich von 100 fb. Selbst wenn das leichteste Neutralino sehr leicht ist, kann das nächste bereits so schwer sein, dass bei LEP2 nur die nicht nachtweisbare Paarproduktion des leichtesten supersymmetrischen Teilchens möglich ist. Somit ist bei LEP2 keine Erhöhung der unteren Neutralinomassengrenzen im NMSSM zu erwarten, falls kein Neutralino gefunden wird. In Szenarien mit leichten singlettartigen Neutralinos können sehr oft auch sehr leichte Higgs-Bosonen mit Massen unterhalb der im MSSM vorhandenen Grenzen existieren. Somit kann in allen unseren Szenarien der Neutralinozerfall in ein skalares oder pseudoskalares Higgs-Boson möglich sein und dann Verweigungsverhältnisse bis zu fast 100% erreichen. Wir berechnen in dieser Arbeit für die bei LEP2 produzierbaren Neutralinos die Verwzeigungsverhältnisse für die Zweikörperzerfälle in Higgs-Bosonen, die Dreikörperzerfälle in zwei Fermionen und den Schleifenzerfall in ein Photon. In allen Fällen befindet sich im Endzustand außerdem das unsichtbare leichteste Neutralino, dass sich experimentell als fehlende Energie niederschlägt. Zur Bestimmung der Signaturen betrachten wir außerdem die anschließenden Zerfallsmodi der leichten Higgs-Bosonen. Der Nachweis von leichten singlettartigen Neutralinos im NMSSM kann einerseits unmöglich sein, wenn entweder die schweren Neutralinos bei der verfügbaren Schwerpunktsenergie nicht produziert werden können oder über Higgs-Bosonen vollkommen in das LSP zerfallen, andererseits aber auch durch klare Signaturen mit einem Photon oder mit Jets im Endzustand erleichtert werden. Bei LEP2 sollten also durchaus Chancen bestehen, auch im Rahmen des NMSSM ein Neutralino zu entdecken. Zumindest werden sich weitere Einschränkungen des Parameterraums ergeben. Der Dissertation ist ein Anhang beigefügt, der eine vollständige Liste aller Feynman-Regeln des NMSSM enthält, die sich von denjenigen des MSSM unterscheiden. / The aim of our study is a comprehensive analysis of the production and the subsequent decays of neutralinos in the Nonminimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (NMSSM) especially for a center-of-mass energy of 190 Gev expected at the electon-positron storage ring LEP2 at CERN. The NMSSM is the simplest extension of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Modell (MSSM) by a singlet superfield. The Higgs sector contains seven physical Higgs particles, three scalars, two pseudoscalar and two charged Higgs bosons. The neutralino sector consists of five neutralinos instead of four in the MSSM. We present the 5 x 5 neutralino mixing matrix, compute the eigenvalue equation and analyse the mass spectrum and the parameter dependence of massless neutralino states. For the study of neutralino production and decay we choose scenarios where the lightest neutralino has a mass of 10 GeV and a singlet component of more than 90%, or where the lightest neutralino has a mass of up to 50 GeV and the lightest two neutralinos contains significant singlet contributions. In these scenarios the cross sections are computed for center-of-mass energies ranging from 100 GeV to 600 GeV of a electron-positron linear collider. Typical cross sections for the direct production of mainly singlet-like neutralinos are around 100 fb. Even if a neutralino is rather light, the next neutralino could already be so heavy that at LEP energies only the invisible pair production of the lightest neutralino is kinematically allowed. Therefore one cannot expect to raise the lower NMSSM neutralino mass bound if no neutralino is found. In scenarios with light singlet-like neutralinos there often exist also light Higgs bosons with masses below the MSSM mass bounds. Therefore in our scenarios the neutralino decay in a scalar or pseudoscalar Higgs can reach decay rates up to 100%. We compute the decay rates for the two-body decays into Higgs bosons, for the three-body decays into two fermions and the loop decay into a photon. All final states contain the invisible lightest neutralino with the experimental signature of missing energy. In order to determine the signatures we also consider the decay modes of the light Higgs bosons. The detection of light singlet-like neutralino could be impossible if the heavier neutralinos can not be produced at the collider or if they decay via Higgs bosons into the LSP. But it could also faciliated by clear signatures with a photon or jets in the final states. LEP2 offers some chances to detect a NMSSM neutralino, at least further restrictions of the NMSSM parameter space can be expected. The dissertation contains an appendix with a complete list of all Feyman rules of the NMSSM that are different from their MSSMM counterparts.

The current trend in beef production is quality improvement. Meat quality is influen-ced by many factors, eg. genetic background, age, nutrition, sex, breed, environment, housing type, etc. One of these factors is the quality of beef and storage of intramuscular fat and marbling. Marbling has an effect on juiciness, tenderness and flavor of the meat. This paper describes the influence of UASMS2 polymorphism in the gene leptin to the quality of beef meat, storage of intramuscular fat and marbling. The study was conducted on 174 bulls of Czech pied cattle breed. For the determination of genotypes were used sequencing method. Based on the association analysis was detected significant effect on the quality of the meat and intramuscular fat deposition. The results of association analy-sis were compared with previously published scientific articles by other authors. The work includes a literature review for topic of candidate genes, the current state of the problem, significance and methods for studying genes and storing fat in cattle.

The aim of this thesis is to analyse the cryogenic process for cooling superconducting radio frequency accelerator test cavities in the LEP accelerator at CERN. A liquefaction cryoplant is analysed, including the production of liquid helium at 4.5 K, the systems for distribution and regulation of liquid helium, and the radio frequency field used for accelerating particles. After discussing regulation problems and modifications planned for a new cavity installation in 1992, different techniques for specifying the control programs for the new installation are evaluated. Various diagramming techniques, standards and methodologies, and Computer Aided Software Engineering-tools, are compared as to their practical usefulness in this kind of process control. Finally, in accordance with anticipated requirements, possible ways of making high and low level control program specifications are suggested.

Darbo autorė: Ieva Mineikytė Darbo vadovė: Doc. Dr. Nijolė Pečiulaitienė Magistro baigiamojo darbo moksliniai tyrimai atlikti Lietuvos sveikatos mokslų universitete, Veterinarijos akademijoje, Veterinarijos fakultete, Biologinių sistemų ir genetinių tyrimų institute, 2012 – 2014 metais. Darbo apimtis: 49 puslapiai. Darbe pateikta: 5 lentelės, 5 paveikslai. Darbo tikslas: Įvertinti Leptino geno C3469T polimorfizmo įtaką produktyvumo požymiams tiriamosiose kiaulių mišrūnų veislėse. Darbo uždaviniai: 1. Nustatyti tiriamoje kiaulių populiacijoje esančius Leptino geno C3469T polimorfizmo alelių dažnius. 2. Nustatyti tiriamoje kiaulių populiacijoje esančius Leptino geno C3469T polimorfizmo genotipų dažnius. 3. Įvertinti Leptino geno C3469T polimorfizmo įtaką kiaulių produktyvumo požymiams. Metodikos: Iš kiaulių šerių mėginių išskirta genominė DNR ir padauginta PGR metodu, o gauti PGR produktai inkubuoti su HinfI restriktaze, kuri esant C3469T VNP mutacijai, specifiškai skelia PGR produktą. Genotipai nustatyti atlikus PGR-RFLP mėginių elektroforezę agarozės gelyje ir įvertinus specifinį ruoželių išsidėstymą UV šviesoje. Išvados: Ištyrus LEP geno C3469T polimorfizmo alelių ir genotipų įvairovę tirtoje kiaulių populiacijoje, nustatyti visi trys genotipai ir jų dažniai: TT dažnis 0,900, TC dažnis 0,088, CC genotipo dažnis 0,013. Taip pat T ir C alelių dažniai, atitinkamai 0,944 ir 0,056. Nagrinėjant kiaulių mišrūnų veisles atskirai, pastebima panaši alelių dažnių tendencija... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The author: Ieva Mineikytė Supervisor: Doc. Dr. Nijolė Pečiulaitienė The research of master thesis was performed at Lithuanian university of health sciences, Veterinary academy, Faculty of Veterinary medicine, Institute of Biology systems and genetics, during the period of 2012 – 2014. Structure: 49 pages. There are 5 tables and 5 figures included. The aim: To evaluate influence of leptin gene C3469T polymorphism on production traits in tested pig hybrids. Tasks: 1. To determine allele frequencies of leptin gene C3469T polymorphism in tested pig population. 2. To determine genotype frequencies of leptin gene C3469T polymorphism in tested pig population. 3. To evaluate influence of leptin gene C3469T polymorphism on production traits. Methods applied: DNA was extracted from pig bristle samples, fallowing PCR amplification. The aplicons were incubated with HinfI restrictase, which cuts DNA at specific site if C3469T SNP mutation is present. The genotypes were determined after performing PCR-RFLP electrophoresis in agarose gel and evaluating band pattern in UV light. Results: While examining the diversity of alleles and genotypes in tested pig population, three genotypes were determined and their frequencies estimated: TT with frequency 0,900, TC with frequency 0,088 and CC with frequency 0,013. Also frequencies of alleles T and C were estimated, 0,944 and 0,056 respectively. The same trend was observed in every pig hybrid breed separately. The influence of genotypes was... [to full text]

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Migrant children are considered one of the most at-risk populations in the United States. They confront multiple obstacles of poverty, poor health, mobility, and limited English proficiency (LEP). These factors contribute to the difficulties that migrant children may encounter in the educational system. Once a migrant student is identified as having a disability, he/she faces problems not only because of his/her migratory lifestyle but also because of his/her disability. Little research has been conducted regarding migrant students with disabilities. Many questions remain unanswered. Some of the literature alludes to an underrepresentation of migrant students in special education, but no empirical research exists. The purpose of the study is two-fold. The first is to examine the extent of the migrant student population that is currently identified as having disabilities in the school districts across the state of Texas. The second purpose of the study is to examine the common characteristics of school districts that have a disproportionate representation of migrant students served by special education. Data for the 2000-2001 school year was obtained from the Texas Education Agency (TEA) from their Public Education Information Management System (PEIMS) and the Program Analysis System (PAS). There were 223 districts included in the sample. There were 71,656 migrant students in the sample with 9,078 migrant students receiving special education services. Migrant students across the state of Texas were primarily Hispanic and economically disadvantaged. Forty five percent of all migrants were also LEP. Although 12% of the migrant population across the state received special education services during the 2000-2001 school year, further analysis demonstrated that there was a higher percentage of migrant students that received services under the Learning Disability category when compared to all students, excluding migrants. There were also a number of districts that had an overrepresentation of migrant students that received special education services, while others had an underrepresentation of migrant LEP students that received special education services. Overall, this study indicates that there is a disproportionate representation of migrant students that received special education services across the school districts of Texas.