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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Invalidation du gène de la myostatine dans un modèle murin de cachexie associée au cancer : implication dans la régulation de la masse musculaire / Myostatin gene inactivation in a mouse model of cancer cachexia : involvement in the regulation of muscle mass

Gallot, Yann 06 November 2013 (has links)
La cachexie est un syndrome clinique et métabolique caractérisé par une perte de tissu adipeux et de tissu musculaire, fréquemment observé chez les patients atteints de cancer. La myostatine (Mstn) régule négativement la masse musculaire. Bien que la régulation des mécanismes moléculaires impliqués dans le contrôle de la masse musculaire joue un rôle central dans la cachexie associée au cancer, les relations existant entre la Mstn et les mécanismes physiopathologiques restent largement inconnues. Suite à l’inoculation de cellules Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) à des souris, nous avons montré que l’invalidation du gène de la Mstn (souris Mstn-/-) confère une résistance au développement de la cachexie associée au cancer par rapport à des souris sauvages. La déficience en Mstn prévient la perte de masse musculaire et réduit la croissance tumorale, 35 jours après l’injection des cellules LLC, et est associée à un allongement de la durée de vie des souris. L’invalidation du gène de la Mstn provoque aussi une augmentation de l’apoptose des cellules LLC et une diminution de l'expression de gènes impliqués dans la prolifération et le métabolisme tumoraux. L’activation des systèmes protéolytiques ubiquitine-protéasome et autophagie-lysosome, due au développement tumoral, est réduite voire supprimée dans le muscle des souris Mstn-/-. L’accumulation de céramides intramusculaires, un sphingolipide formé suite à une lipolyse exacerbée, est corrélée à la perte de masse musculaire, suggérant que les céramides pourraient être un médiateur cellulaire impliqué dans la cachexie associée au cancer. Ces résultats montrent que la Mstn joue un rôle essentiel dans la cachexie associée au cancer / Cachexia is a complex clinical and metabolic syndrome, whose definition is imprecise, characterized by an uncontrolled loss of adipose tissue and skeletal muscle mass, frequently observed in cancer patients, and leading to death in 25% of cancer patients. Myostatin (Mstn) is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle mass and a critical determinant of skeletal muscle homeostasis. Although the regulation of the molecular mechanisms involved in the control of skeletal muscle mass plays a central role in the pathogenesis of cancer cachexia, the relationships between Mstn and the pathophysiological mechanisms remain largely unknown. Following subcutaneous inoculation of Lewis lung carcinoma cells (LLC) in mice, we showed that the Mstn gene inactivation (Mstn-/- mice) confers resistance to the development of cancer cachexia, compared to wild type mice. Mstn deficiency prevents the loss of skeletal muscle mass and reduces tumor growth, 35 days after the inoculation of LLC cells, and this is associated with a longer life of mice. Mstn gene inactivation also causes an increased apoptosis of LLC cells and decreases expression of genes involved in tumor proliferation and metabolism. Activation of ubiquitin-proteasome and autophagy-lysosome proteolytic systems, triggered by tumor growth is significantly reduced or suppressed in skeletal muscle of Mstn-/- mice. Accumulation of intramuscular ceramides, a sphingolipid synthesized due to excessive lipolysis, is correlated with the loss of muscle mass, suggesting that ceramides may be a cellular mediator involved in the pathogenesis of cancer cachexia. These results show that Mstn plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of cancer cachexia
2

Administração de nanotubos de carbono "multiwalled" in vivo ativa citotoxicidade tumor-específica de linfócitos T CD8+ / In vivo administration of "multi-walled" carbon nanotubes activates the tumor-specific cytotoxic CD8+ T lymphocytes

Moraes, Adriel dos Santos, 1976- 20 August 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Vitor Baranauskas / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Elétrica e de Computação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T09:27:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Moraes_AdrieldosSantos_M.pdf: 1300108 bytes, checksum: bcd1099ef486cc4a2842627fe2b4df57 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: A administração "in vivo" de nanotubos de carbono "multi-walled" (MWCNT's), mesmo sem serem funcionalizados, estimula o aparecimento de uma reposta imune em camundongos normais. Nesse trabalho nós fornecemos evidências de que essas nanopartículas de carbono também estimulam a resposta imune em camundongos portadores de tumor. Os MWCNT's (100 ?g) diluídos em PBS contendo 0,1 % de Pluronic 127 foram inoculados sistemicamente em camundongos portando tumores cujos tamanhos atingiram 5 milímetros (mm) e a resposta imune foi avaliada nos linfonodos desses animais. Observamos que os tumores de animais que receberam as nanopartículas não cresceram como os tumores dos animais não tratados. A discreta inibição do crescimento do carcinoma pulmonar de Lewis (LLC) foi acompanhada pela ativação de linfócitos T CD8+ tanto em número quanto em função. A ativação da função citotóxica dos linfócitos T CD8+ pode ser explicada pelo aumento da expressão de citocinas pertencentes à família da IL-12, principalmente IL-27, que é descrita como a citocina envolvida na estimulação da citotoxicidade de linfócitos T CD8+. Nossos dados demonstraram que nanotubos de carbono "multi-walled", mesmo sem funcionalização estimula resposta imunológica antitumoral / Abstract: The "in vivo" administration of multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT's) even without functionalization stimulates the immune response of naïve mice. Here we provide evidence that these carbon nanoparticles also stimulated the immune response of tumor-bearing mice. The MWCNT's (100 ?g) diluted in PBS with 0,1% of Pluronic 127 were inoculated systemically in mice with tumor that reached 5 mm and the immune response was evaluated in the lymph nodes. We observed that the tumors that received the nanoparticles did not grow as the untreated tumor. The discrete inhibition of the growth of the Lewis Lung Carcinoma (3LL) was accompanied by activation of CD8 T lymphocytes both in number and in function. The activation of the cytotoxic function of CD8 T lymphocytes may be explained by the increase of expression of cytokines belongs to the IL-12 family, mainly the IL-27, which is described as a cytokines involved in the stimulation of CD8 T lymphocytes cytotoxic function. Our data demonstrated that MWCNT even without functionalization stimulated the antitumor immune response / Mestrado / Eletrônica, Microeletrônica e Optoeletrônica / Mestre em Engenharia Elétrica
3

THE EFFECT OF CURCUMIN ON LEWIS LUNG CARCINOMA

Yan, Dejun 01 July 2011 (has links)
No description available.
4

Invalidation du gène de la myostatine dans un modèle murin de cachexie associée au cancer : implication dans la régulation de la masse musculaire

Gallot, Yann 06 November 2013 (has links) (PDF)
La cachexie est un syndrome clinique et métabolique caractérisé par une perte de tissu adipeux et de tissu musculaire, fréquemment observé chez les patients atteints de cancer. La myostatine (Mstn) régule négativement la masse musculaire. Bien que la régulation des mécanismes moléculaires impliqués dans le contrôle de la masse musculaire joue un rôle central dans la cachexie associée au cancer, les relations existant entre la Mstn et les mécanismes physiopathologiques restent largement inconnues. Suite à l'inoculation de cellules Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) à des souris, nous avons montré que l'invalidation du gène de la Mstn (souris Mstn-/-) confère une résistance au développement de la cachexie associée au cancer par rapport à des souris sauvages. La déficience en Mstn prévient la perte de masse musculaire et réduit la croissance tumorale, 35 jours après l'injection des cellules LLC, et est associée à un allongement de la durée de vie des souris. L'invalidation du gène de la Mstn provoque aussi une augmentation de l'apoptose des cellules LLC et une diminution de l'expression de gènes impliqués dans la prolifération et le métabolisme tumoraux. L'activation des systèmes protéolytiques ubiquitine-protéasome et autophagie-lysosome, due au développement tumoral, est réduite voire supprimée dans le muscle des souris Mstn-/-. L'accumulation de céramides intramusculaires, un sphingolipide formé suite à une lipolyse exacerbée, est corrélée à la perte de masse musculaire, suggérant que les céramides pourraient être un médiateur cellulaire impliqué dans la cachexie associée au cancer. Ces résultats montrent que la Mstn joue un rôle essentiel dans la cachexie associée au cancer
5

Assessment of the modulation of photodynamic effect by β-glucan and characteristics of anti-CD7 monoclonal antibody during tumor process / Fotodinaminio poveikio moduliacijos β-gliukanu vertinimas ir monokloninio antikūno prieš CD7 savybių tyrimas navikinio proceso metu

Akramienė, Dalia 09 March 2011 (has links)
Activation of the immune system during photodynamic therapy (PDT) and improvement of the effector functions of mAbs - these are the ways to use and enhance the potential of the immune system to fight cancer. Tumor cells lack β-glucan as a surface compo¬nent and can‘t trigger complement receptor 3-dependent cellular cytoto¬xicity and initiate tumor-killing activity during PDT. So, it gave rise to the hypothesis that β-glucan in combination with PDT will produce more effective killing of by iC3b fragment opsonized tumor cells. The human Fc portion is essential for the recruiting of human effector immune cells to produce antitumor effect. Therefore, connection of Fv portion of murine anti-CD7 antibody with Fc portion of human IgG1 can be helpful for such protein to obtain ideal feathers. However, each modification of the monoclonal antibody can cause the lost or decrease in the rate of protein expression and antigen-binding properties. Monoclonal antibody products are unique in their molecules. Because of post-translational modifications that often occur during the fermentation process, the final product is heterogeneous. Therefore, careful characterization of monoclonal antibodies is required in order to assess their identity, purity, potency and safety. Response of Lewis lung carcinoma tumor to PDT modulated by β-glucan was assessed in mice and functional characteristics of novel purified chimeric anti-CD7 antibody was tested in this study. / Imuninės sistemos aktyvinimas taikant fotosensibilizacinę terapiją (FNT) ir monokloninių antikūnų efektorinių funkcijų gerinimas yra vienas iš būdų, kaip naudoti ir sustiprinti organizmo imuninės sistemos veiksnių potencialą kovai su naviku. Navikinės ląstelės membranos paviršiuje nėra β-gliukano, todėl FNT metu negali būti aktyvinamas nuo komplemento receptoriaus 3 priklausomas ląstelės citotoksiškumo mechanizmas bei sukeliama navikinės ląstelės žūtis. Todėl galima tikėtis, kad β-gliukanas ir FNT, taikomi kartu, gali aktyvinti iC3b frag¬mento opsonizuotų navikinių ląstelių žūtį. Norint aktyvinti žmogaus imunines ląsteles priešnavikiniam poveikiui sukelti, pelės monokloniniam antikūnui būtina žmogaus imunoglobulino Fc dalis. Todėl pelės antikūno prieš CD7 vienos grandinės Fv fragmento sujungimas su žmogaus imunoglobulino G1 Fc dalimi baltymui gali suteikti idealias savybes. Tačiau, bet kokia monokloninio antikūno modifikacija gali keisti jo savybes ir, išskiriant baltymą, dėl daugiapakopio proceso ji gali keistis. Todėl, norint įvertinti chimerinio CD7-Fc antikūno identiškumą, grynumą, veiksmingumą bei saugumą, būtina atlikti tyrimus, kuriais būtų galima nustatyti, ar antikūnas išlaiko specifiškumą antigenui, kaip aktyviai jungiasi prie jo, ar aktyvina imuninius mechanizmus. Šio tyrimo metu buvo vertintas pelėms įskiepytos Luiso plaučių karcinomos atsakas į FNT moduliaciją β-gliukanu ir išgrynintas chimerinis antikūnas prieš CD7 bei ištirtos jo funkcinės savybės in vitro.

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