The main goal of this paper is to study early lexicography in Hong Kong in the 1841-1914 period by focusing on the contexts, the texts and their facilitators. It also aims to explore the problems and issues emerging from the discussion of Chinese-English-Chinese lexicography in early Hong Kong. Lexicography in early Hong Kong grew out of the increasing need for intercultural communication between the Chinese and the foreign communities there. The pre-existing lexicographical traditions established in Mainland China and Macau in the nineteenth century created the foundations for lexicography in early Hong Kong. Learning and borrowing a great deal from their predecessors, two groups of lexicographers in colonial Hong Kong, Chinese and Western, contributed much to facilitate intercultural communication by compiling English-Chinese and Chinese-English dictionaries for two different groups of target users: Chinese learners of English and Western learners of Chinese. Such lexicographic works have both merits and defects. Also discussed in this paper are the use of written Cantonese, culture, phraseology as well as tradition and innovation, all of which are as relevant today in the fields of lexicography and linguistics as they were more than 100 years ago. This paper ends by summarizing the main findings and pointing out the limitations of the study like the unavailability of some editions of the lexicographic texts discussed. In addition, it suggests possible implications for future research such as building a large database of Cantonese as observed in the early English-Chinese and Chinese-English dictionaries for diachronic studies on Cantonese. / published_or_final_version / Linguistics / Master / Master of Arts

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Thesis (M.A.)--Ohio State University, 1975. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 107-109). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center

Thesis (DLitt)--University of Stellenbosch, 2006. / Bibliography. Also available via the Internet.

"A dependable English language dictionary provides recent and reliable information in all fields of learning. The modern dictionary as an indispensable tool for learning is part of every library reference collection and almost as universally represented in the American home. Consequently, the selection of a dictionary is of concern not only to such professions as teaching and librarianship but to nearly every adult as well. This writer's interest in English language dictionaries grew out of the study of basic reference sources in Florida State University Library School. In pursuing this interest the writer began by exploring the literature on dictionaries. It was immediately apparent that what is used as a dictionary today evolved through various concepts of vocabulary selection and treatment"--Introduction. / Typescript. / "February, 1957." / "Submitted to the Graduate Council of Florida State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts." / Advisor: Louis Shores, Professor Directing Paper. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 109-112).

A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Arts in fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of African Languages at the University of Zululand, 2017 / Anyone whose mother tongue is isiZulu can provide or make an attempt to provide meaning of any isiZulu lexical item. What is very difficult is to define / explain isiZulu words as lexical items. There are countless reasons for such difficulty in defining / explaining isiZulu words in isiZulu. Some of these reasons are the following: (i) The sounds of isiZulu words do not hide anything in as far as meanings of words are concerned. Defining isiZulu words is like defining what has already been defined; (ii) IsiZulu words are written as they are being pronounced; (iii) It is extremely difficult to conduct research among amaZulu. AmaZulu are unable to assist with definitions of the isiZulu words because of a number of reasons like they are not trained in providing definitions of isiZulu lexical items; (iv) There are very few resources that can help someone who is conducting research on defining / explaining isiZulu words in isiZulu. The above mentioned reasons are just the few of the reasons which hinder research on defining /explaining isiZulu lexical items in isiZulu. The main objective of this research is to provide assistance to those who intend embarking on research in defining / explaining isiZulu lexical items most especially in a monolingual approach. Another objective of this research is to assist those who intend doing lexicography by providing lexicographic tools which will solve some problems encountered in the field of lexicography.

Lemmatization refers to the process whereby a lexicographer assigns a specific place in a dictionary to a word which he regards as the most basic form amongst other related forms. The fact that in Bantu languages formative elements can be added to one another in an often seemingly interminable series till quite long words are produced, evokes curiosity as far as lemmatization is concerned. Being aware of the productive nature of Southern Sotho it is interesting to observe how lexicographers go about handling the question of morphological complexities they are normally faced with in the process of arranging lexical items. This study has shown that some difficulties are encountered as far as adhering to the traditional method of alphabetization is concerned. It does not aim at proposing solutions but does point out some considerations which should be borne in mind in the process of lemmatization. / African Languages / M.A. (African Languages)