Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-03-15T18:40:55Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) andres_felipe_ramirez_giraldo.pdf: 7922392 bytes, checksum: c67758ee403e6ee4a6129165c0d77f72 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2018-03-29T12:27:43Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) andres_felipe_ramirez_giraldo.pdf: 7922392 bytes, checksum: c67758ee403e6ee4a6129165c0d77f72 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-29T12:27:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) andres_felipe_ramirez_giraldo.pdf: 7922392 bytes, checksum: c67758ee403e6ee4a6129165c0d77f72 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017 / A atividade miner?ria, inserida no modelo econ?mico atual de produ??o de capital, ? vista como fonte de riqueza tanto para o setor privado quanto para os Estados, por?m, traz uma s?rie de impactos sociais, ambientais e ? sa?de de comunidades rurais e tradicionais. Assim, a minera??o recebe aten??o sob diversos olhares de diferentes sujeitos sociais, que t?m ao mesmo tempo diferentes interesses. Este trabalho de pesquisa adere-se ? preocupa??o que existe frente aos efeitos culturais, sociais e ambientais decorrentes da minera??o e a sua conex?o como a sa?de, pois esta ? um processo complexo, que depende desde as dimens?es maiores, isto ?, sociais at? as menores desenvolvidas no indiv?duo. De tal modo, s?o aqui estudados os modos de vida como parte da realidade social e grupal que fazem parte desse processo complexo que ? a sa?de-doen?a. Teve como objetivo principal, compreender o processo da mudan?a dos modos de vida imposto pela presen?a de um empreendimento miner?rio. Para isto, foram verificadas as mudan?as no ambiente dos habitantes da micro ?rea de S?o Jos? da Ilha no munic?pio de Dom Joaquim (Minas Gerais, Brasil), assim como os efeitos na rela??o entre as pessoas e, das pessoas com o seu entorno, ap?s a chegada da atividade miner?ria. Tratou-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, com observa??o participativa e emprego de entrevistas abertas. Foram utilizados c?mara fotogr?fica para registro de imagens, gravador de voz digital para as entrevistas e di?rio de campo para registro de notas do pesquisador. Houve tamb?m uso de fontes secundarias de informa??o, como as fichas de cadastramento da Estrat?gia da Sa?de da Fam?lia e dados do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estat?stica. As informa??es foram analisadas com o m?todo de an?lise de conte?do tem?tica, para a qual utilizou-se o aplicativo de inform?tica NVivo (v.9). Observou-se que no local as atividades de trabalho est?o relacionadas com o uso da terra para a manuten??o das fam?lias, contudo, com a presen?a do empreendimento na regi?o, surgiram outros trabalhos, que afastam a comunidade do trabalho rural propriamente dito, assim como de outras express?es dos seus modos de vida tradicionais. No caso aqui estudado, o empreendimento imp?s condi??es materiais e simb?licas que fazem com que as pessoas legitimem a presen?a e uso dos seus recursos pelas melhorias de infraestrutura no munic?pio e situa??o econ?mica nas fam?lias, as quais, tiveram membros empregados nas firmas na ?poca de auge de trabalho (?poca de implanta??o da mina). Perante ao processo de mudan?a nos modos de vida tradicionais ? importante sua revaloriza??o, pois t?m permitido e permitem a soberania territorial e seguridade alimentar baseadas nos conhecimentos tradicionais do uso da terra, amea?ados por dito processo de mudan?a. / Disserta??o (Mestrado Profissional) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Sa?de, Sociedade e Ambiente, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2017. / The mining activity, developed in the current economic model of capital production, is seen as a source of wealth for both the private sector and the state, but it brings a number of social, environmental and health impacts to rural and traditional communities. This receives, therefore, attention from diverse glances of different social subjects with different interests. This research is framed in the concern that exists about the cultural, social and environmental effects derived from the mining and the connection of these with the health, since this is a complex process in which they intervene from the larger dimensions, that is, social to the smallest, developed in the individual. In this sense, ways of life are studied as part of the social and group reality that are part of the health-disease process. The main objective was to understand the process of transformation of the ways of life imposed by the presence of a large mine. For this, the transformations in the environment of the inhabitants of the S?o Jos? da Ilha micro area of the municipality of Dom Joaquim (Minas Gerais, Brazil) were verified, as well as the transformations in the relations between people, and people with its environment, after the arrival of the mining activity. This was a qualitative research with participant observation and use of open interviews. Photographic camera for image registration, voice recorder for interviews and field diary for the recording of investigator's notes were used. Secondary sources of information were used, such as the records of the Family Health Strategy and data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The interviews were analyzed using the thematic content analysis method, using NVivo (V9) software. It was observed that in the place, the work activities are related to the use of the land for the sustenance of families, nevertheless, with the presence of the great mining company in the region, other works appeared that distant the people of the rural work, as well as other expressions of their traditional ways of life. In the studied case here, the mining company imposed material and symbolic conditions that make people to legitimate their presence and the use of resources for improvements in the infrastructure of the municipality and the economic improvements of families, which had members employed in outsourced companies in the time of work boom (time of assembly of structures of the company). Faced with this process of transformation of traditional ways of life, it is important to revalue them, as they allow and have allowed territorial sovereignty and food security based on traditional land use knowledge and are threatened by this process of transformation. / La miner?a, practicada dentro del modelo econ?mico actual de producci?n de capital, es vista como fuente de riqueza tanto para el sector privado como para los Estados, sin embargo, trae una cantidad de impactos sociales, ambientales y a la salud de comunidades rurales y tradicionales. Recibe por tanto, atenci?n desde diversas miradas de diferentes sujetos sociales con diferentes intereses. Este trabajo de investigaci?n se enmarca en la preocupaci?n que existe frente a los efectos culturales, sociales y ambientales derivados de la miner?a y la conexi?n de estos con la salud, pues esta es un proceso complejo en la que intervienen desde las dimensiones m?s grandes, es decir, sociales hasta las m?s peque?as, desarrolladas en el individuo. En ese sentido, son estudiados los modos de vida como parte de la realidad social e grupal que hacen parte del proceso salud-enfermedad. Tuvo como objetivo principal, comprender el proceso de transformaci?n de los modos de vida impuesto por la presencia de una mina de grande porte. Para esto, fueron verificadas las transformaciones en el entorno de los habitantes de la micro ?rea de S?o Jos? da Ilha del municipio de Dom Joaquim (Minas Gerais, Brasil), al mismo tiempo que las transformaciones en las relaciones entre las personas y de las personas con su entorno, despu?s de la llegada de la actividad minera. Se trat? de una investigaci?n cualitativa con observaci?n participante y uso de entrevistas abiertas. Fueron utilizados c?mara fotogr?fica para registro de im?genes, grabador de voz para las entrevistas y diario de campo para registro de notas del investigador. Se hizo uso de fuentes secundarias de informaci?n, como las fichas de registro de la Estrategia de Salud de Familia y datos del Instituto Brasileiro de Geograf?a y Estad?stica. Las entrevistas fueron analizadas con el m?todo de an?lisis de contenido tem?tico, para lo cual se utiliz? el software NVivo9. Se observ? que en el lugar, las actividades de trabajo est?n relacionadas con el uso de la tierra para el sustento de las familias, sin embargo, con la presencia de la grande empresa minera en la regi?n, surgieron otros trabajos que alejan las personas del trabajo rural propiamente dicho, as? tambi?n como de otras expresiones de sus modos de vida tradicionales. En el caso estudiado aqu?, la empresa minera impuso condiciones materiales y simb?licas que hacen que las personas legitimen su presencia y uso de recursos por las mejoras en la infraestructura del municipio y las mejoras econ?micas de las familias, las cuales, tuvieron miembros empleados en empresas tercerizadas en la ?poca de auge de trabajo (?poca de montaje de estructuras de la empresa). Frente a este proceso de transformaci?n de los modos de vida tradicionales, es importante una revalorizaci?n de los mismos, pues permiten y han permitido la soberan?a territorial y seguridad alimentar basados en conocimientos tradicionales de uso de la tierra y que se encuentran amenazados por ese proceso de transformaci?n.

This thesis analyses lifestyles of female students from the whole University of South Bohemia, focusing on physical activities, their regularity, opinion of negative addictive drugs, relationship towards healthy diet and drinking water habits, and interest in relaxation. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with the definition of the term 'physical activity' and its classification. In the practical part, the following areas are observed: results regarding the quality of physical activities, regularity of physical activities, evaluation of the physical activities of female students followed by the evaluation according to the stated hypotheses. Based on the data obtained, it is possible to conclude how big the interest in regular physical activities is nowadays, whether the students have enough exercise during the week, why they do physical activities and what physical activities are the most popular.

This master's thesis is focused on the negative life style aspects of the female students of the South Bohemian University and then on the influence of these aspects on the state of health. The theoretical part of the thesis includes the literary sources dealing with this issue and the practical part is based on the quantitative research that is the evaluation of at least 300 questionnaires having been filled in by the female students of all faculties of the South Bohemian University. The questionnaire consists of 35 items focused on the following spheres of a life style: physical activity, diet and water intake, sleep and relaxation, prevention, stress, sexual intercourse and drugs. The results of the questionnaire were evaluated by Excel SPSS and also by Pearson's chi square test. The aim of the thesis was also to compare the results with the results of the previous similar researches and to add a recommendation for students' better life style which presents the main contribution of this thesis. Namely, it was found out that the students' freshness depends on the number of hours they sleep during the night, then it was found out the dependence between the usual time of falling asleep and the students' freshness, the existence of the dependence between smoking and drinking of alcohol and the relation between the negative attitude to the physical activity and the reduced frequency of its doing. Another interesting finding was the fact that female students use less contraception than in the year 2010. The most stressing factor presents the university or studying, the food intake is increased by stressful time, they usually spend 3 or 4 hours with the internet, almost a half of them have ever been on a diet for the purpose of losing weight and 50 % of them are not satisfied with their weight.

This master's thesis is focused on the analysis of physical activities of male adolescents. The thesis is split into the main parts theoretical and practical (research) part. The theoretical part is focused on the definition of the terms such as a healthy life style and a physical activity. In theoretical part, the author deals with the rules of the healthy life style, the contribution of the sports to the quality of life and, with the influence of the physical activity on one's life. Practical part is focused on the questionnaires evaluation finding out the physical activity of the male adolescents and then on the proposal of the appropriate project of physical activity for male adolescents. By this research was found out that solely 39 % of respondents do a sufficient physical activity.

This diploma thesis deals the negative aspects of lifestyle of emergency workers in South Bohemia. The theoretical part describes the Integrated Rescue System and facility of emergency medical services. It also describes the concept of lifestyle and its possible negative aspects of nutrition, physical activity, stress, burnout syndrome, sleep quality and addictive substance abuse. For quantitative research were used a survey, which was attended by a total of 72 emergency workers belonging to area of České Budějovice. The practical part evaluates the responses and compares them with those hypotheses. The main identified negative aspects of lifestyle among respondents is: lack of physical activity, irregular eating habits, lack of sleep, irregular regeneration and relaxation, excessive stress and the impact of experiences from work to personal life.

Lifestyle of immigrants and recognized refugees Migration can be defined as more or less terminated process moving of people among places which are determinated by state borders. It is the process when person or group of people leave their land to find better place for living. Each person has his or her own lifestyle and it is one of the basic factors that influences the quality of living. The lifestyle is formed during life when is a person in interaction with enviroment. The theory is further split into 6 main chapters that involve all issues of lifestyle of immigrants and recognized refugees. The history of migration to the Czech Republic is analyzed, asylum processing and the most important lifestyle of national minorities is mentioned. In the last chapter of theoretical part integration of immigrants and asylum seekers in the Czech Republic is mentioned. The practical part is devoted to the research and it was dedicated to lifestyle of immigrants and asylum seekers in the Czech Republic and in their domicile of origin. The aim of the thesis was to compare lifestyle of immigrants and asylum seekers in the Czech Republic and in their domicile of origin. The hypothetical assumption suggested that lifestyle of immigrants and asylum seekers is the same in the Czech Republic as in their domicile of origin. The regions of the research were South Bohemian region, Plzeň region and Ústí nad Labem region. To prove or invalidate the hypothesis a method of questionnaire was used. 100 people were accosted and they received questionnaire to fill in it during four months. I received 64 questionnaires back. After evaluation of the questionnaires I came to the result that people who had filled the questionnaire have the same lifestyle in the Czech Republic as in their domicile of origin. The hypothesis was proved. Public, students of social school and their educators will be introduced with the results. I would recommend to focuse individual social work because each person has different needs. Easygoing integration into Czech society coheres with reaction of Czech people as well. My work could be used as text book referring about national minorities living in the Czech Republic. At the end of the thesis there are some supportive documents related to my work. It is neccesary to know that the more we can help foreigners to integrate themselves and we adopt them as our fellow-citizens the faster they will feel at {\crqq}home{\crqq} in the Czech Republic.

MORAIS, Fernanda Kallyne Rego de Oliveira. Avaliação do Programa de Erradicação do Trabalho Infantil em Mossoró-RN. Fortaleza – Ceará 2008. 124 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Avaliação de Políticas Públicas) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Pró - Reitoria de Pesquisa e Pós-Graduação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Avaliação de Políticas Públicas, 2008. / Submitted by Ana Paula Paula (mappufce@gmail.com) on 2012-04-18T17:42:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 _Fernanda_Kallyne.pdf: 2057487 bytes, checksum: 1ad1f8defa05a89a0196a209098b21a1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Josineide Góis(josineide@ufc.br) on 2012-04-20T13:36:56Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 _Fernanda_Kallyne.pdf: 2057487 bytes, checksum: 1ad1f8defa05a89a0196a209098b21a1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-04-20T13:36:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 _Fernanda_Kallyne.pdf: 2057487 bytes, checksum: 1ad1f8defa05a89a0196a209098b21a1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / This research aims to evaluate the Elimination of Child Labor Program – PETI in Mossoró-RN related to life style changes in families that have kids and teenagers trated by the program. Documentary and fields researches were made, the last one happened between march and August 2009. A questionary was given to the people responsible to the children and teenagers, who have been treated by the program for four years or longer, in two different steps. The quantitative information was submitted to a descriptive treatment, using absolut and relative frequency, simple tables, crossings, reference indicators andspecific tests. The quantitavie information was privided by the analisys of speech method and analysed taken into account the rules of the authors who discuss and theorize childlabor and its different sides. From all the 30 families that were interviewed in the first sample, most of the people that are responsible for the children and teenagers are young women, that live with their kids and husband, and have low education. Since tha registration in the PETI program until the date that this research was made, the percentage of employment and kids in school. Also in 33,4% of the families there were kids or teenagers working. The monthly income and expenditure with food, rent, kitchen gas, eletric power and house loan; more families purchased their own houses , less ones had to pay rent or borrowed houses,increased the numbers of masonry houses and their rooms; the number of appliances such as refrigerators, blenders, television sets, stereo systems, telephones, sewing machines,bicycles and radios. Most of the responsible for the children also worked when they were younger,come from large families, from the rural zone and appreciate things like honesty and integrity. They had nice memories about toys and plays between siblings, though there was an ambivalence related to their working during their childhood and about the bossy way that they were raised. They are aware that nowadays is more difficult to raise children comparing to when they were younger and they find positive the fact that they are in the program, even though we found a few misconception about that. Plans for the future are simple and care to having their kids studying and having a good job when they get older. The early employment lasted for three generation.We may conclude that families improved their life styles,with positive changes in the families profiles after applying to the PETI program and also that poverty is still strong. The inconsistencies found indicate the program managers in town need to look carefully and develop projects to help the families that still go through child labor and also to have those families more sociable.Besides all that, later on, it is important to go deeper in the evaluation of the program when related to some aspects. / A pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar o Programa de Erradicação do Trabalho Infantil - PETI de Mossoró-RN em termos de modificação das condições de vida das famílias que têm crianças e adolescentes assistidos. Foi realizada pesquisa documental e de campo, tendo esta última ocorrido no período de março a agosto de 2008. Foi aplicado um formulário em dois momentos distintos e realizadas entrevistas de aprofundamento com os responsáveis por crianças e adolescentes assistidos pelo programa há quatro anos ou mais. Os dados quantitativos foram submetidos a tratamento descritivo, usando freqüência absoluta e relativa, tabelas simples, cruzamentos, indicadores de referência e testes específicos. Os dados qualitativos foram abordados pelo método da análise do discurso e analisados com base nos marcos regulatórios vigentes e em autores que discutem e teorizam o trabalho infantil e suas interfaces. Entre as 30 famílias que compuseram a primeira amostra, a maioria dos identificados como responsáveis pelas crianças e adolescentes são mulheres relativamente jovens que moram com os filhos e respectivos cônjuges e têm baixa escolaridade. Da entrada no PETI até a realização da pesquisa decresceu o nível de emprego nas famílias e o percentual de filhos que estudavam, mas em 33,4% das famílias havia crianças ou adolescentes que ainda trabalhavam. Aumentou a renda mensal e a despesa com alimentação, aluguel, gás de cozinha, energia elétrica e prestação da casa própria; mais famílias tornaram-se proprietárias da casa, diminuiu o número das que pagavam aluguel ou moravam em casa cedida, aumentou o número de casas de alvenaria e o número de cômodos; aumentou o número de eletrodomésticos como refrigeradores, liquidificadores, televisores, aparelhos de som, telefones, máquina de costura, bicicleta e rádios. A maioria dos responsáveis entrevistados trabalhou quando criança, vêm de famílias numerosas, de origem rural e migrantes e têm apreço a valores como honestidade e retidão. Predominaram lembranças agradáveis sobre as brincadeiras e união entre irmãos, mas houve ambivalência em relação a terem trabalhado na infância e ao modo autoritário como foram educados. Percebem como mais difícil a tarefa de educar filhos hoje comparativamente a quando eram crianças e consideram positivo o fato de estarem integrados ao programa avaliado, embora tenham sido constatadas algumas incoerências em relação a isto. Os planos para o futuro são modestos e quase se resumem aos filhos estudarem e terem um trabalho quando adultos. O trabalho precoce atravessou o tempo, fazendo-se presente em três gerações. Concluímos que melhoraram as condições de vida, com mudanças positivas no perfil das famílias após serem integradas ao PETI e que ainda é grave seu estado de pobreza. Incoerências e inconsistências encontradas indicam que os gestores do programa no município necessitam estar mais atentos e desenvolver medidas concretas para superação do trabalho infantil ainda presente nas famílias estudadas e para avançar no âmbito da sociabilidade. Além do mais, em momento posterior, faz-se importante aprofundar a avaliação do programa em relação a alguns aspectos.

This work is engaged in signs of burnout synrome by teachers at secondary school in the region of South Bohemia. 48 schools were asked to cooperate on this reaserch. For this research was used standardized questionnaire Maslach Burnout Inventory. In this research took part in 111 respondents.

O objetivo desta tese é avaliar o impacto do estilo de vida materno no ganho de peso durante a gestação e na sua evolução durante o pós-parto. Inicialmente, foi realizada uma revisão da literatura sobre os indicadores utilizados para computar as mudanças de peso ocorridas durante a gestação e o pós-parto (artigo I). Posteriormente, utilizou-se o modelo de regressão logística para avaliar a associação entre a abstinência ao fumo durante o pré-natal e o ganho de peso gestacional (GPG) excessivo, segundo as recomendações do Institute of Medicine (IOM), em 1.249 mulheres que deram à luz a recém-nascidos vivos a termo em 1984/85 em Estocolmo, Suécia (artigo II). Em seguida, foi utilizado o modelo de regressão linear múltipla para avaliar o efeito do GPG excessivo no índice de massa corporal (IMC) materno 15 anos após o parto. A população elegível para análise foi constituída de 483 mulheres suecas, que foram acompanhadas desde o nascimento da criança índice em 1984/85 até 1999/2000 (artigo III). Por último, uma revisão sistemática com a utilização de metanálise foi realizada para apreciar o efeito da dieta, exercício ou ambos na perda de peso no pós-parto (artigo IV). A diversidade de indicadores utilizada para computar o GPG e a retenção de peso no pós-parto dificulta a interpretação e comparação dos resultados de pesquisas sobre o tema. A baixa qualidade dos registros obstétricos e a escolha inadequada do indicador são consideradas as possíveis causas da não associação entre o ganho de peso materno e os desfechos gestacionais encontrada em alguns estudos (artigo I). Ex-fumantes apresentam 1,8 vezes mais chance de GPG excessivo em relação às mulheres não fumantes, mesmo após o ajuste pelas variáveis de confusão, como o consumo de álcool, atividade física, entre outras (artigo II). Mulheres que tiveram GPG excessivo apresentaram maior retenção de peso 15 anos após parto (10,0 kg) do que as mulheres que ganharam peso conforme os limites recomendados pelo IOM (6,7 kg). Mesmo após o controle pelas variáveis de confusão, o GPG excessivo provocou um aumento significativo de 0,72 kg/m2 no IMC materno (artigo III). Mulheres aconselhadas a praticarem exercícios aeróbicos durante o pós-parto não perderam, significativamente, mais peso que as mulheres alocadas no grupo controle (diferença de média ponderada (DMP): 0,00; IC 95%: -8,63/ 8,63). Mulheres alocadas no grupo dieta (DMP: -1,70; IC 95%: -2,08/ -1,32) ou dieta e exercício (DMP: -2,89; IC 95%: -4,83/ -0,95) perderam, significativamente, mais peso que as mulheres alocadas no grupo controle. Nenhuma das estratégias de intervenção para perda de peso no pós-parto (exercício; dieta; dieta e exercício) provocou efeitos adversos à saúde materno-infantil (artigo IV). Os achados apontam para a importância da identificação precoce de mulheres sob-risco GPG excessivo. Os profissionais de saúde devem fornecer aconselhamento adequado durante o pré-natal para o controle do GPG e motivar as mulheres a perderem o peso retido durante o pós-parto. Assinala-se também que os profissionais de saúde devem recomendar programas de modificação do estilo de vida relacionados à dieta combinada ao exercício físico para perda de peso durante o pós-parto e, consequentemente, para a prevenção da obesidade associada ao ciclo reprodutivo. / The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the impact of maternal life style on gestational weight gain (GWG) and maternal weight development during postpartum. Firstly, an overview of the literature on indicators used to measure weight changes during and after pregnancy was carried out (article I). Secondly, a multivariate logistic regression model was used to assess the association between prenatal smoking cessation and excessive GWG, according to the Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommendations, in 1.249 women who delivered a term infant in 1984/85 in Stockholm, Sweden (article II). Thirdly, a multivariate linear regression model was used to assess the effect of excessive GWG on maternal body mass index (BMI) at 15 years postpartum. The study population was composed of 483 Swedish women who were followed from delivery date of the index child in 1984/85 to 1999/2000 (article III). Finally, a systematic review with meta-analysis was conducted to appraise the effect of diet, exercise or both on postpartum weight loss (article IV). Comparisons among studies and the interpretation of research findings are complicated due to the variety of indicators used to calculate the GWG and postpartum weight retention. The reasons for non-significant associations between GWG and gestational outcomes were probably owing to poor quality of obstetrics records and selection of wrong indicators to compute GWG (article I). Former smokers were 1,8 times more likely to gain excessive weight during pregnancy than nonsmokers, even after accounting for confounding factors, including alcohol consumption, physical activity to mention a few (article II). Postpartum weight retention at 15 years follow-up was higher among women who gained excessive weight during pregnancy (10,0 kg) than who gained weight according to IOM recommendations (6,7 kg). After accounting for confounding factors, women who gained excessive weight during pregnancy had a significant increase of 0.72 kg/m2 in BMI at 15 years follow-up compared to women who gained within recommendations (article III). Women who exercised did not significantly lose more weight than women in the control group (weighted mean difference (WMD) 0,00; 95% CI 8,63 to 8,63). Women who took part in a diet (WMD 1,70; 95% CI 2,08 to 1,32) or diet plus exercise (WMD 2,89; 95% CI 4,83 to 0,95) program lost significantly more weight than women in the control group. The interventions (diet; exercise; diet and exercise) did not adversely affect the maternal and child health (article IV). The findings indicate the relevance of early identification of women at risk of excessive GWG. Health care providers should give women appropriate advice for controlling GWG and motivate them to lose pregnancy-related weight during postpartum. Additionally, health care providers should recommend women to engage in diet combined with physical activity programs in order to lose postpartum weight and consequently prevent obesity associated with childbearing.

Submitted by DIEGO FERNANDO LAMBER MARTINS CANO null (diegolamber4@hotmail.com) on 2016-07-02T10:48:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Diego Cano - Revisão III.docx: 189771 bytes, checksum: 9a1f5f988aa18f362b529fbcfa16f650 (MD5) / Rejected by Ana Paula Grisoto (grisotoana@reitoria.unesp.br), reason: Solicitamos que realize uma nova submissão seguindo as orientações abaixo: A versão final da dissertação/tese deve ser submetida no formato PDF (Portable Document Format). O arquivo PDF não deve estar protegido e a dissertação/tese deve estar em um único arquivo, inclusive os apêndices e anexos, se houver. Por favor, corrija o formato do arquivo e realize uma nova submissão. Agradecemos a compreensão. on 2016-07-06T18:01:28Z (GMT) / Submitted by DIEGO FERNANDO LAMBER MARTINS CANO null (diegolamber4@hotmail.com) on 2016-07-06T23:46:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação - Diego Cano - Revisão III.pdf: 364171 bytes, checksum: 50db327642b399814ffc7d03be0145dd (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Paula Grisoto (grisotoana@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-07-07T12:31:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 cano_dflm_me_bot.pdf: 364171 bytes, checksum: 50db327642b399814ffc7d03be0145dd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-07T12:31:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 cano_dflm_me_bot.pdf: 364171 bytes, checksum: 50db327642b399814ffc7d03be0145dd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-04 / Em decorrência de processo fisiológico natural, mulheres menopausadas estão expostas a diminuição da massa muscular devido à redução dos níveis hormonais. Consequentemente, podem ocorrer alterações posturais. Adicionalmente, as alterações posturais estão relacionadas aos maus hábitos da postura, sedentarismo e obesidade. Com o objetivo de associar as alterações posturais com indicadores demográficos, socioeconômicos, antropométricos e aptidão física de mulheres menopausadas, foram analisados dados de 317 mulheres, no momento inicial das avaliações, nos anos de 2013 e 2014, participantes no programa de mudança do estilo de vida (Mexa-se Pró Saúde) da cidade de Botucatu/SP. Foram analisados os seguintes desvios posturais: protusão cervical, cifose torácica, lordose lombar, ângulos quadricipitais direito e esquerdo. Adotou-se o teste do qui quadrado para associação entre os desvios posturais e as variáveis demográficas, IMC e de aptidão física. Foi realizada a regressão logística considerando as demais variáveis como explanatórias. O nível de significância adotado foi de 5%. Na amostra, 62,8% eram abaixo de sessenta anos, maioria casada (63,1%), de nível médio de escolaridade (56,5%), vivendo com renda familiar inferior a 5 salários mínimos (76,3%). Cerca de metade das mulheres apresentava desvios posturais (para mais ou para menos) de protusão, cifose e lordose, enquanto essas distorções aumentaram ainda mais para os ângulos quadricipitais direito e esquerdo. Na análise logística das alterações posturais aumentadas, constituíram alterações para a protusão a idade superior a 60 anos (OR 2,07; 1,33-3,24) e para cifose, o nível baixo de atividade física (OR 2,46; 1,26-4,80). Não houve influência significativa do excesso de peso nas alterações posturais analisadas. Conclui-se que, embora com desvios posturais frequentes e com fatores de risco já conhecidos, essas mulheres estão aptas aos modelos de estilo de vida saudável, com exercícios físicos supervisionados. / Resulting from a natural physiological process, women after menopause are open to a decrease of muscular mass because of the reduction of hormone levels. Consequently, postural alterations can happen. Additionally, these postural alterations are related to bad postural habits, sedentarism and obesity. With the objective to associate postural alterations with demographical indicators, social-economics, anthropometry and physical aptitude, data from 317 post-menopause women were analyzed. The initial evaluations made in 2013 and 2014 were from women participating in the program to change their life style (Mexa-se Pró-Saúde) in the city of Botucatu, S.P. The following postural deviations were analyzed: cervical protrusion, thoraxical kyphosis, lumbar lordosis, and the right and left quadriceps angles. The qui quadratic test was used for association between postural deviations and demographical variables, Index of Physical Mass, and physical aptitude. There was a logistic regression made to consider as explanatory all other variables. The significance level adopted was 5%. In our example, 62.8% were under 60 years of age, 63.1% were married, 56.5% had a medium school level, 76.3% lived with a family income of less than five minimum salaries. Almost half the women presented postural deviations (some more, some less) of cervical protrusion, kyphosis and lordosis, while these distortions increased more for right and left quadriceps angles. In the logistical analysis of increased postural alterations, there was a risk factor constituted for protrusion to an age higher than 60 years old (OR2.07; 1,33-3,24) and for kyphosis a low level of physical activity (OR2,46; 1,26- 4,80). There was no significant influence observed in ´postural alterations related to overweight. In conclusion, even though postural alterations are frequent and have known risk factors, these women are apt as models of healthy life styles, with supervised physical exercises.