This study aims to investigate learning practices within Time Banks in Spain. Time Banking is a community currency concerned with the exchange of services between members using time as the currency. Parallels can be drawn with Ivan Illich’s ‘Skills Exchange’ model in Deschooling Society (1971b) and this provides the initial motivation for the study of Time Banks from an educational perspective, which is identified as a gap in the literature. Moving on from Illich, the investigation of Time Banks is considered in relation to the wider context of Lifelong Learning and the Learning Society. The heterogeneity of Time Bank models in Spain motivates a comparative research design based on differing organisational logics, whilst the exploratory nature of investigating Time Banks as spaces of learning motivates a case study methodology in order to gain a contextualised understanding of the problem. The study finds that the Time Banks are built on principles of Mutual Aid (Kropotkin, 1902) and, whilst practices and values resonate somewhat with Illich’s critiques of modernism, a skills exchange model does not best represent the learning that takes place in Time Banks. Furthermore, this research finds that in all three Time Banks, the exchange of services forms only a small part of overall activities. Additional activities provide opportunities for the exchange of skills and knowledge between participants. However, the learning highlighted as more important by TB users is learning to participate. That is, learning solidarity and personal and social skills through active participation in the Time Bank. These findings are then positioned within the context of radical adult education and future lines of inquiry are identified.

This study provides a theoretical and methodological contribution to ongoing debates relating to the purpose and nature of international higher education. It does so by examining globalisation, lifelong learning and postgraduate international study through the voice of the individual student. The voice of the student is under represented in the literature and this research contributes by providing an in-depth, longitudinal study focusing on the student voice. The experiences of international postgraduate students within one English university from 2009-2014 provide the research context. Their experience is explored through a number of integrated and interactive narrative based research methods: written narratives, interview narratives and narratives as conversations in action. There is a dearth of empirical research which integrates these methods. It is not an intention of this study to make generalisation claims or to claim universal applicability. However, the findings do add to knowledge relating to internationalisation, globalisation, lifelong learning and identity construction within higher education programmes. The neoliberal economic view of motivation to become an international student is contested. This study suggests that motivation to take on a period of international study may be more complex and more heavily weighted towards passion, rather than towards an economic or employment based rationale. Participants do demonstrate many of the qualities identified for the international or globalised learner. However, international experience and international learning is largely brought about the agency of the international student, often in spite of, rather than as an outcome of their formal university programme of study. The study confirms that culture and identity are permeable and are influenced by the postgraduate student experience. However, nationality rather than being reduced is reinforced during the period of international study. The findings confirm that narrative research approaches such as those used in this research, can provide a rich learning experience for both participant and researcher. Such approaches may be of particular importance to individuals in transition stages, such as the international student.

Introdução: O reconhecimento das dificuldades vivenciadas em serviço é de fundamental importância, sobremaneira, procurando buscar saídas para resolução dessas, entre outros problemas. Por vezes, as práticas educativas fazem parte da formação do enfermeiro psiquiátrico e devem ser realizadas em serviço, concomitantemente com as ações de enfermagem rotineiras. Elas contribuem para o aprimoramento de novos conhecimentos e para o desenvolvimento de habilidades e competências essenciais, tendo em vista a execução de uma assistência de enfermagem, com qualidade ao cliente, à família e à comunidade. Sendo assim, faz-se importante que o enfermeiro tenha construído conhecimentos teórico-práticos durante o curso de graduação em enfermagem, a fim de executar as práticas educativas em serviço, com segurança e preparo para trabalhar tais ações, em Unidades Psiquiátricas. A atuação crítico-reflexiva utilizada pelo docente de enfermagem, tem, como pressuposto, construir um modelo curricular que contemple o processo de formação articulado com o mundo do trabalho, usando estratégias inovadoras, trabalhando o ensino de forma contextualizada, visando à formação de um profissional mais crítico e compromissado com as questões profissionais e sociais. Assim, de acordo com os referenciais teóricos levantados, pudemos perceber que as práticas educativas contextualizadas e dialogadas, ainda não fazem parte do planejamento das ações de enfermagem como um todo. Sob essa perspectiva, é preciso haver a conscientização dos profissionais em relação à importância dessas práticas desenvolvidas em serviço, a serem mais democráticas e humanizadas, com o intuito de garantir a melhoria da força do trabalho em saúde, revelando, assim, a importância do nosso estudo. Como objetivo, propomos levantar com os enfermeiros que atuam na enfermagem psiquiátrica o conhecimento deles sobre educação permanente, verificando se eles participam dessas atividades em serviço, identificando suas dificuldades vivenciadas, buscando seu entendimento sobre a importância da prática educativa em serviço, bem como da educação permanente, como estratégia de organização da aprendizagem e atualização profissional; e desenvolver um programa educativo visando orientação sobre as dificuldades diagnosticadas nestas práticas. Metodologia: Trabalhando a pesquisa qualitativa, humanista, mediatizada pela metodologia da pesquisa-ação. Essa permite levantar problemas e, posteriormente, propor elementos educativos. Aplicamos duas técnicas para a coleta de dados: a entrevista, com a aplicação de questionário, e a observação participante com o uso do diário de campo. A amostra do nosso estudo se constituiu de 7 enfermeiros, da Clínica de Psiquiatria de um Hospital Escola, de uma cidade do interior paulista. Adotamos como critérios de inclusão: profissionais enfermeiros do local, que manifestaram concordância em participar do estudo com a assinatura do termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido, aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa, atendendo aos preceitos éticos e ao rigor científico. Análise dos dados: esses foram levantados, através das falas emitidas pelos sujeitos pesquisados. Foram trabalhados qualitativamente e, portanto, por categorização, permitindo o agrupamento de todos os elementos convergentes e/ou divergentes, apropriados e/ou ajustados às reflexões, de acordo com a discussão, associados aos achados deste estudo. Resultados: Depreendemos que a maioria dos enfermeiros pesquisados atribui significativa importância à educação permanente em serviço, relacionando a busca de conhecimento, inovação, transformação, resolução de problemas, favorecendo a qualidade da assistência/ do ensino/ da pesquisa, assim como a valorização pessoal, profissional e institucional. Alguns sujeito afirmam executar a educação permanente em serviço, mas outros relatam não ter tempo e nem recurso para realizá-la. Os sujeitos da pesquisa têm noção real das questões abordadas, revelando estar antenados sobre a educação permanente. Também realizamos a ação educativa com os enfermeiros através de folhetos informativos avaliados de modo positivo pelos mesmos. Portanto, concluímos que a educação permanente já caminha com seus primeiros passos avaliados, na clínica psiquiátrica em foco, o que contribui para o planejamento e para a organização do trabalho dos enfermeiros, possibilitando uma assistência mais humanizada ao cliente e à família. / Introduction: The acceptance of difficulties experienced in services is highly important, looking for solutions for such issues and others. At some point, the educative practices are part of the psychiatric nursing education and must be executed in service concomitantly with routine nursing actions. They contribute to improvements of learning and developing abilities and considerable capacities in order to provide with assistance in nursing at good qualities for customers, families and communities. Therefore, it is important that the nurse has built theory-practical knowledge during the graduation course in order to execute educative practices in services with security and be well-prepared to work in such actions in Psychiatric Units. The critical-reflexive acting used by a nursing teacher has the purpose of building a résumé model containing the educational process connected with the job outside by using new strategies in where the teaching will be done in a contextualised way, aiming preparing a more critical professional and more compromised about the professional and social matters. Thus, in accordance with the theoretic references studied it was observed that the contextualised and dialogued educative practices are not part of the nursing action plans in general. From this perspective is needed to have a professional consciousness about the importance of these developed practices in services in order to be more democratic and humanized with the purpose of assuring the working force improvement in healthy, revealing then the importance of this study. With the purpose of raising the acknowledge of lifelong learning in psychiatric nurses by verifying whether they take part of such activities, identifying their experienced difficulties, seeking their understanding process about the importance of educative practice in service as well as lifelong learning as a organisational strategy of learning and professional upgrades and developing a educative program aiming the orientation about the detected difficulties in this practices. Methodology: Working the qualitative and humanized research, interfering with research-action methodology. This study proposes raising issues and consequently offers educative components. Two techniques were applied to collect data: the interview applying a questionnaire and the attendant observation using their daily service. The sample of our study was based in seven nurses from the Psychiatric Clinical from a School Hospital of a city located in the interior of the country. As part of the criteria were adopted: local nurses, who manifested their agreement in taking part of this study afterwards their free and cleared consent term approved by the Research Ethical Committee and considered the ethical norms and scientific strictness. Data analysis: they were raised through verbal comments from researched people. They were qualitatively analysed and therefore, by categorization allowing the converging and divergent grouping appropriated/or adjusted to the reflexion according to the arguments associated to the issues found. Results: It was deduced that most of the researched nurses attribute considerable importance to the lifelong learning in services seeking for acknowledges, innovation, changes, problems solutions in order to collaborate to the assistance quality of teaching/research as well as personal, professional and institutional improvements. Some of them confirm that they execute a lifelong learning in service, however others relate about not having time neither resources to execute them. They have a real idea of the approached questions revealing to be updated to the lifelong learning. It was also done the educative action with nurses through bulletin news, which were evaluated in a positive way. Therefore, it was concluded that the lifelong learning is taking the first step forward to the Psychiatric Clinical, which contributes to the planning and organization of the nurses, directing to a more humanized assistance to the patient and family.

The thesis The Development of the Legal Regulation of Adult Education in the Czech Republic addresses the legal regulation of adult education in the Czech Republic and its historical, social and international political context. The thesis describes and analyses the following elements: adult education legislation in our country from 1918 to present days, and its strategic, analytical and conceptual documents, key documents of international organizations, adult education legislation of the European Union, in Slovakia and shallowly in few other countries in order to provide a comparison, all based on law theory and andragogic terminology. The conclusion of thesis provides a critical evaluation of the current adult education legislation in the Czech Republic and drafts a new legislation substantively related to all the above components.

The aim of this thesis is to introduce issue of individual parts of lifelong learning of economics teachers. The theoretical part describes in-service and futher education of teachers, including topics currently discussed. The theoretical part is followed by a discussion of results of a questionnaire survey among teachers of economic subjects. It was verified that the access to education of teachers of business subjects is not uniform, because not everybody who teach is a specialist teachers in the field. It was also found that in further education teachers have unequal opportunities for further education. Although the motivation of teachers of economic subjects further education is great, very different topics that interested teachers.

The thesis deals with education in Community Programmes. It focuses on Education Policy in EU and Lifelong Learning Programme which was concentrated on Education and Training in 2007 - 2014. Since 2014 the programme has a new form and a new name, Erasmus+. New programme connects six existing programs into a single framework which covers Education, Training, Youth and Sport. In the final part is presented the practical example of completing funding application form to support projects in the education area. The completed form can serve as a guide for future applicants.

Formal assessment in education focuses on summative assessment in the form of grade allocation. This has limitations on the learning process for students. Formative assessment should also be incorporated into learning as an integral part as it offers many benefits. Reflective learning in the form of self-assessment is central to the process of formative assessment. Students, however, tend not to engage in the process of self-assessment. This skill can be developed by educators in an educational setting, but educators tend not to create an environment in which students can self-assess. The study explored students’ perceptions of the self-assessment process once they had been exposed to it over a period of time in a facilitated environment. This encouraged them to engage in the process and develop the skill of self-assessment. The research method was exploratory in nature and was conducted by means of a design experiment in which students were encouraged to self-assess on three occasions during the 2012 academic year. Data was then collected from the students by means of a structured survey. The results of this study indicated that students tended not to self-assess if not encouraged to do so. However, once given the opportunity to do so in an environment which supported it, students were positive about the process of self-assessment. They believed that it would improve their overall academic performance and indicated that they would continue to apply self-assessment to their studies in future. This study concluded that students were positive about self-assessment and that they applied it accurately and in a meaningful manner to their studies in an environment which supported it. / Dissertation (MCom)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / lmchunu2014 / Taxation / unrestricted

Due to fast-paced technological disruptions and diversifying users, user experience (UX) professionals are experiencing a flood of new UX methods and a need for continuous learning. Literature has shown that with a lack of understanding, UX practice research has designed too abstract UX methods making them hard to understand and to apply. With a thematic analysis of an interview with 13 UX professionals, this study presents results on how UX professionals choose UX methods and insights into their lifelong learning. The results from the thematic analysis agree that UX methods are hard to integrate into Agile, too complicated, take too much time to learn, and colleagues have shown to be an essential component for learning. These findings indicate that UX methods might work better if they are designed less complicated and deliver results quicker following the design of Scrum. Also, companies could use novel ideas to ease the access to users and to learn, e.g., lunch lectures.

The diploma thesis deals with the relationship between seniors and new media, focusing on the current media impact on society and the increasing interest in a media literacy courses for the seniors. The main goal of this work is to capture experiences and opinions of seniors on the use of new media and to point out the benefits of active aging, which seniors can gain through their safe use. The theoretical part of the thesis first focuses on key concepts that reflects the current shape of the old age and the aging process, the position of the media in society and the specific relationship between seniors and new media with reference to the current media literacy programs. The qualitative part of the research reflects attitudes, opinions and experience of seniors using new information and communication technologies through semi-structured in- depth interviews. These findings are analyzed in seven subchapters, which are based on the interviews. Due to the changing attitudes of seniors and the complex generalization of this category, the work can outline their insight into the use of new media and could also be used as a groundwork for further research of this issue.

Self-regulated learning skills have been shown to have a positive impact on achievement in the academic setting, enabling graduates to become lifelong learners in professional settings. Although the importance of lifelong learning skills is well articulated in the accounting education literature, this study is the first to address concerns that class time devoted to developing such skills might impair students' acquisition of content knowledge. This study uses a quasi-experimental design within the context of the introductory accounting course. The treatment group received self-regulated learning interventions designed by the researcher and based on Zimmerman's model of the academic learning cycle. Results of this study were obtained using multiple regressions and suggest that students' acquisition of technical knowledge, as measured by conventional exam scores, was not compromised when class time was allocated between self-regulated learning interventions and content instruction. Although benefits of the treatment were not immediate, the treatment group outperformed the control group in terms of scores on exams administered near the end of the course. This study found no evidence of a "ceiling effect" but does provide limited support for the "Matthew effect," whereby higher ability students often reap the greatest benefit from interventions.