Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-08T15:50:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PGCS15DA030.pdf: 2083078 bytes, checksum: 528b429a722bc87e38f8d6cc54d5dbbe (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-04-24 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Catarinense Carboniferous Basin exploration of coal left deep marks degradation of the local ecosystem, restricting future use of areas affected by the activity. The process of mining and the improper disposal and uncontrolled waste (waste-pyritic and sterile) practiced in the past, led to the formation of any significance deposits in the open modifying the landscape. These tailings contain high concentrations of pyrite (FeS2), in the presence of air and water, it oxidizes, promoting the formation of acid mine drainage (AMD), a leading environmental impacts of the mining sector. The DAM is an aqueous solution, strongly acidic and rich in sulfate and iron, and other trace elements associated, which prevents water resources and soil extinct fauna and flora, causing social and economic impact. Thus, the study aimed to provide information about the chemical and the total content of trace elements (Cd, Pb, Ni, Zn) in waste and barren of 23 deposits of Carboniferous Basin Santa Catarina and to survey the species of ferns and lycophytes naturally occurring in these deposits, assessing its possible potential for colonization of areas degraded by mining coal. The study was conducted in 23 deposits of tailings and sterile in six municipalities, Criciuma, Forquilhinha, Lauro Müller, Siderópolis, Treviso and Urussanga. Tailings samples were collected and sterile and species of ferns and lycophytes at each location. It performed a characterization of chemical properties, pH in water and pH in KCl, Ca, Mg, P, K, Na, Mn, Fe, Al, clay and OM content and the determination of total content of trace elements Cd, Pb, Ni and Zn in the waste and barren. The collection of ferns and lycophytes was performed by means of traversal along the length of the deposits, being cataloged and incorporated them in the Herbarium LUSC UDESC / CAV and herbal CRI of UNESC. The mining tailings and sterile are chemically poor, probably due to the DAM process. The total concentration of trace elements Cd, Ni and Zn were below the values of prevention established by Resolution CONAMA 420/2006 and the total contents of Pb were above the value of prevention in deposits A7, A9, A18 and A2. 16 species of ferns and 1 kind of licófita, belonging to 14 genera and 11 botanical families were found. The preference for environments the predominant form was open spot. For the biological forms, hemicryptophytes ferns were more frequent while heliophytic stood out on environmental adaptations. The species of ferns and licófita, found in deposits of tailings and sterile demonstrate resistance to degraded environments, being an alternative to restoration projects and environmental monitoring in areas impacted by coal mining in the open / Na Bacia Carbonífera Catarinense a exploração do carvão mineral deixou marcas profundas de degradação no ecossistema local, restringindo o uso futuro das áreas atingidas pela atividade. O processo de mineração e a disposição inadequada e sem controle dos resíduos (rejeito-piritoso e estéreis) praticados no passado, culminou na formação de vultuosos depósitos a céu aberto modificando a paisagem. Esses rejeitos contém alta concentração de pirita (FeS2), que na presença de ar e água, oxida-se, promovendo a formação da drenagem ácida de mina (DAM), um dos maiores impactos ambientais do setor mineral. A DAM é uma solução aquosa, fortemente ácida e rica em sulfato e ferro, além de outros elementos-traço associados, que inviabiliza os recursos hídricos e o solo extinguindo a fauna e a flora, ocasionando impacto social e econômico. Diante disso, o trabalho teve como objetivo fornecer informações a respeito da caracterização química e do teor total de elementos traços (Cd, Pb, Ni, Zn) no rejeito e estéreis de 23 depósitos da Bacia Carbonífera Catarinense e realizar um levantamento das espécies de samambaias e licófitas que ocorrem naturalmente nesses depósitos, avaliando seu possível potencial na colonização das áreas degradadas pela mineração de carvão. O trabalho foi realizado em 23 depósitos de rejeito e estéreis distribuídos em seis municípios, Criciúma, Forquilhinha, Lauro Müller, Siderópolis, Treviso e Urussanga. Foram coletadas amostras de rejeito e estéril e das espécies de samambaias e licófitas existentes em cada local. Realizou-se uma caracterização dos atributos químicos, pH em água e pH em KCl, teores de Ca, Mg, P, K, Na, Mn, Fe, Al, argila e teores de M.O e a determinação dos teores totais dos elementos-traço Cd, Pb, Ni e Zn, no rejeito e estéreis. A coleta das samambaias e licófitas foi realizada por meio de caminhamento por toda a extensão dos depósitos, sendo as mesmas catalogadas e incorporadas no Herbário LUSC da UDESC/CAV e no herbário CRI da UNESC. O rejeito e os estéreis da mineração são pobres quimicamente, provavelmente devido ao processo de DAM. Os teores totais dos elementos-traço Cd, Ni e Zn ficaram abaixo dos valores de prevenção estabelecidos pela resolução do CONAMA 420/2006 e os teores totais de Pb ficaram acima do valor de prevenção nos depósitos A7, A9, A2 e A18. Foram encontradas 16 espécies de samambaias e 1 espécie de licófita, pertencentes a 14 gêneros e 11 famílias botânicas. Na preferência por ambientes a forma predominante foi local aberto. Para às formas biológicas, as samambaias hemicriptófitas foram mais frequentes enquanto as heliófitas sobressaíram-se quanto às adaptações ambientais. As espécies de samambaias e licófita, encontradas nos depósitos de rejeito e estéreis demostram resistência a ambientes degradados, sendo uma alternativa para projetos de recuperação e monitoramento ambiental, em áreas impactadas pela mineração de carvão a céu aberto

Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2016-12-12T14:44:32Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Dissertação - Pedro Henrique Amorim Anjos.pdf: 9970150 bytes, checksum: 29bca81f576fbdecd909c0ab24d68ce5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-12T14:44:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Dissertação - Pedro Henrique Amorim Anjos.pdf: 9970150 bytes, checksum: 29bca81f576fbdecd909c0ab24d68ce5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-05 / CNPQ / Consideramos o movimento da interface entre dois fluidos viscosos, imiscíveis e incompressíveis confinados em uma célula de Hele-Shaw radial. Quando o fluido de baixa viscosidade é injetado no centro da célula e desloca radialmente o fluido de alta viscosidade, a instabilidade de Saffman-Taylor entra em ação levando ao crescimento de estruturas em formato de dedos. Dependendo da natureza dos fluidos envolvidos, eles podem molhar as paredes da célula de Hele-Shaw, deixando para trás um filme molhante de espessura finita. Diante disso, investigamos a influência da camada de fluido molhante, deixada pelo fluido deslocado, na dinâmica linear e fracamente não-linear do sistema. Mais especificamente, examinamos como a instabilidade da interface e os mecanismos de formação de padrões (bifurcação e competição de dedos) são afetados pela presença da camada de filme molhante no limite de baixo número de capilaridade. Estudamos também uma variação da instabilidade de Saffman-Taylor usual induzida pela injeção: o problema do levantamento em célula de Hele-Shaw. Nossos resultados analíticos indicam que o molhamento tem um impacto significativo nos padrões não-lineares resultantes. Ele é responsável por uma atenuação na variação do comprimento dos dedos, enquanto que induz o aparecimento de estruturas que apresentam dedos pequenos e largos, provenientes do fluido não molhante, alternados por dedos pequenos e finos pertencentes ao fluido molhante. Durante o processo de levantamento, medidas adquiridas pelo teste de adesão quantificam a força adesiva de um fluido viscoso confinado entre placas paralelas. Experimentos e intensas simulações numéricas indicam que a formação de dedos afeta a força de levantamento, promovendo uma diminuição na magnitude da mesma. Concluímos este trabalho propondo um modelo analítico que forneça a força de adesão considerando não só o efeito de dedos da interface, mas também a ação do molhamento e de estresses viscosos normais. / We consider the interfacial motion between two immiscible, incompressible, viscous fluids in the confined geometry of a radial Hele-Shaw cell. When the less viscous fluid is injected at the center and drives radially the more viscous fluid, the Saffman-Taylor instability takes place leading to the growth of fingerlike shapes. Depending on the nature of the fluids involved, they can wet the walls of the Hele-Shaw cell plates, leaving behind a film of finite thickness. In this framework, we investigate the influence of a thin wetting film trailing behind the displaced fluid on the linear and weakly nonlinear dynamics of the system. More specifically, we examine how the interface instability and the pattern formation mechanisms of finger tip-splitting and finger competition are affected by the presence of such a film in the low capillary number limit. We also examined a variant of the usual injection-driven Saffman-Taylor instability: the lifting Hele-Shaw cell problem. Our analytical results indicate that wettability has a significant impact on the resulting nonlinear patterns. It restrains finger length variability while inducing the development of structures presenting short, blunt penetrating fingers of the nonwetting fluid, alternated by short, sharp fingers of the wetting fluid. During the lifting process, probe-tack measurements evaluate the adhesion strength of viscous fluids confined between parallel plates. Existing meticulous experiments and intensive numerical simulations indicate that fingering formation affects the lifting force, making it to decrease in intensity. We conclude this work by proposing an analytical model that computes the lifting adhesion force by taking into account not only the effect of interfacial fingering, but also the action of wetting, and viscous normal stresses.

Os exercícios com pesos (EP) representam importante estratégia para diminuir a sarcopenia e melhorar a capacidade funcional para realizar as atividades da vida diária de pessoas idosas. Além disso, os EP têm também sido recentemente sugeridos para restaurar os efeitos da imunossenescência. Portanto, este estudo teve como objetivo determinar o efeito de doze meses de um programa de exercícios com pesos em parâmetros imunológicos funcionais e quantitativos de mulheres idosas clinicamente saudáveis. As voluntárias foram selecionadas de acordo com o protocolo SENIEUR e 38 mulheres clinicamente saudáveis e fisicamente inativas (60 a 77 anos de idade) foram randomicamente divididas em um programa de exercícios com pesos de baixa intensidade (GE: 67,74 + 5,28 anos [n: 28]) ou em um grupo controle (CG: 68,69 + 2,98 anos [n: 14]). O programa de EP foi constituído de 3 séries de 12 repetições a 54,87 + 2,37% do teste de uma repetição máxima (1-RM) para cinco diferentes exercícios (supino reto sentado, puxada alta, remada, extensão de joelhos e leg press) realizados três vezes por semana durante 12 meses. A atividade citotóxica das células natural killer (NKCA), resposta linfoproliferativa à fito-hemaglutinina (PHA) e ao OKT3, quantificação de linfócitos (CD3+, CD3-CD19+, CD3-CD16+CD56+), subpopulações linfocitárias (CD4+, CD8+, CD56dim, CD56bright), assim como de moléculas de expressão celular (CD25+, CD28+, CD45RA+, CD45RO+, CD69+, CD95+, HLA-DR+) foram determinadas por ensaios imunológicos. As variáveis foram mensuradas a cada 6 meses durante período de um ano (pré-programa [PRÉ], 6 meses [6M] e 12 meses [12M]). A análise estatística demonstrou que o GE incrementou a força muscular em 44,2% e 48,1% após 6 e 12 meses, respectivamente (p<0,05); mas que houve aumento no consumo de oxigênio de pico (VO2pico) após 6 meses (14,7%, p<0.05). Não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos (exceto para 20:1 em 12M) ou em função do tempo (exceção para 40:1 em GE) na NKCA assim como na resposta proliferativa independente do mitógeno empregado. Foi observado decréscimo significativo (p<0,05) em GE para a contagem total de linfócitos (PRÉ x 12M), CD3+ (PRÉ x 12M), CD3+CD4+ (PRÉ x 12M), CD3-CD19+ (PRÉ x 6M), CD3+CD45RA+ (PRÉ x 6M; PRÉ x 12M), CD3+CD45RO+ (PRÉ x 12M; 6M x 12M), CD4+CD45RA+ (PRÉ x 6M), CD4+CD45RO+ (PRÉ x 12M; 6M x 12M), CD3+CD95+CD28+ (PRÉ x 6M), CD4+CD95+CD28+ (PRÉ x 6M), CD8+CD95+CD28+ (PRÉ x 12M) e para CD56dimCD25+HLA-DR+ (6M x 12M). O GC também demonstrou diminuição significativa (p<0,05) na contagem total de linfócitos (PRÉ x 12M), CD3-CD19+ (PRÉ x 6M; PRE x 12M), CD3-CD16+CD56+ (PRÉ x 12M; 6M x 12M), CD3+CD45RO+ (PRÉ x 12M) e para CD56dim (PRÉ x 12M). É possível que outra variável independente, que não o programa de exercícios com pesos e/ou alguma tendência sazonal tenham influenciado os resultados devido ao fato de ambos os grupos terem apresentado menores níveis de expressão celular durante o período do estudo. Os resultados deste estudo permitem concluir que doze meses de um programa de exercícios com pesos de leve intensidade são suficientes para incrementar a força muscular assim como o consumo de oxigênio de pico, mas não para melhorar parâmetros imunológicos funcionais e quantitativos de mulheres idosas clinicamente saudáveis. Portanto, possivelmente sugerindo que o \'limiar de efeito\' nos parâmetros imunológicos de mulheres idosas clinicamente saudáveis seja dependente do estímulo e/ou maior do que o necessário para incrementar a força muscular e/ou o VO2pico. / Resistance training program represents an important strategy to reduce sarcopenia, improving muscle strength and mass, and consequently, functional capacity to perform activities of daily living in elderly people. Additionally, resistance training program has been also recently suggested to restore the deleterious effects of aging process on immune system. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of twelve months of light resistance training program on functional and quantitative immunological paremeters of clinically healthy elderly women. Volunteers were selected by SENIEUR protocol and thirty-eight clinically healthy untrained females (aged 60-77 year-old) were randomly assigned to either a light resistance training program (RTP: 67.74 + 5.28 year-old [n: 28]) or a control group (CG: 68.69 + 2.98 year-old [n: 14]). The RTP consisted of three sets of twelve repetitions at 54.87 ± 2.37% of one repetition maximum test (1-RM) for five different exercises (seated bench press, lattissimus pull down, seated row, leg extension and leg press) performed three times per week during twelve months. Natural killer cell cytotoxic activity (NKCA), lymphoproliferative response to the phytohemaglutinin (PHA) and OKT3, and quantification of the lymphocytes (CD3+, CD19+, CD3-CD16+CD56+) and subpopulations (CD4+, CD8+, CD56dim, CD56bright) as well as cellular expression molecules (CD25+, CD28+, CD45RA+, CD45RO+, CD69+, CD95+, HLA-DR+) were determined by immunological assays. Variables were measured each 6 months during one year (pre-program [PRE], 6 months [6M] and 12 months [12M]). Statistical analysis showed that RTP volunteers increased muscle strength in 44.2% and 48.1% after 6 and 12 months, respectivelly (p<0.05), whilst there was increased in maximal oxygen peak (VO2peak) after only 6 months (14.7%, p<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between both groups (unless 12M for the 20:1) or according to the time (unless 40:1 for RTP) when NKCA was analyzed. RTP group preserved lymphoproliferative response, while CG increased significantly the lymphoproliferative response to the PHA and OKT3. There were statistically significant decrease (p<0.05) for RTP volunteers to the total lymphocytes (PRE x 12M), CD3+ (PRE x 12M), CD3+CD4+ (PRE x 12M), CD3-CD19+ (PRE x 6M), CD3+CD45RA+ (PRE x 6M; PRE x 12M), CD3+CD45RO+ (PRE x 12M; 6M x 12M), CD4+CD45RA+ (PRE x 6M), CD4+CD45RO+ (PRE x 12M; 6M x 12M), CD3+CD95+CD28+ (PRE x 6M), CD4+CD95+CD28+ (PRE x 6M), CD8+CD95+CD28+ (PRE x 12M), and to the CD56dimCD25+HLA-DR+ (6M x 12M). GC volunteers also showed statistically significant decrease (p<0.05) to the total lymphocytes (PRE x 12M), CD3-CD19+ (PRE x 6M; PRE x 12M), CD3-CD16+CD56+ (PRE x 12M; 6M x 12M), CD3+CD45RO+ (PRE x 12M), and to the CD56dim (PRE x 12M). It is possible that the other independent variable, which not the RTP, and/or some seasonal tendency have influenced the results because to the fact of both groups had presented lower cell expression levels during the period of the study. The results of this study permit to conclude that twelve months of light RTP were sufficient to increase muscle strength and maximal oxygen peak, but not to improve functional and quantitative immunological parameters of clinically healthy elderly women. Thus, possibly suggesting that the \'threshold of effects\' on immunological paremeters on clinically healthy elderly women would be dose-response dependent and/or could be rather than that to increase muscle strength and/or maximal oxygen peak.

Dans le contexte actuel, l'open-rotor contrarotatif connaît un regain d'intérêt. Cependant, en l'absence de carter extérieur, la prédiction des effets d'installation devient une problématique primordiale du cycle de conception. L'objectif de ces travaux de thèse est de construire une méthode de calcul qui permette à la fois de rendre compte de l'impact du bloc moteur sur la traînée de l'avion et de l'impact de l'installation sur les performances aérodynamiques des hélices. Suite à une étude bibliographique, nous nous sommes orientés vers le couplage des codes ligne portante LPC2 et RANS elsA, développés à l'Onera. La méthode de couplage se base sur la condition de disque d'action et est itérative afin de rendre compte de l'interaction.Dans un second temps, des résultats de calculs instationnaires et d'essais en soufflerie ont été comparés aux résultats fournis par le couplage afin de confirmer que ce dernier rendait bien compte des performances aérodynamiques du moteur en configuration installée. Afin de valider sur un large domaine de calcul, plusieurs configurations ont été utilisées, prenant en compte différentes installations, différentes hélices et plusieurs points de vol.Enfin, nous avons proposé une amélioration de la condition de disque d'action par une modélisation de la turbulence représentant l'impact du passage des hélices sur l'écoulement. En effet, en l'état actuel, cette condition n'est pas en mesure de retranscrire l'impact des hélices sur la turbulence, en particulier sur l'augmentation du taux de turbulence. C'est pourquoi une formulation originale d'un modèle de turbulence, basée sur les travaux de Mr Benay, a été proposée. / The counter rotating open rotor entered a period of renewed interest because of the current circumstances. However, due to the absence of outer casing, predicting the installation's effects became an essential issue of the design process. The objective of this thesis is to elaborate a calculation method able to give the impact of the engine on the aircraft drag as well as the installation impact on the propellers aerodynamic performances. As a result of a literature review, we headed for the coupling of the LPC2 lifting-line code and elsA RANS code, developed by the Onera. The coupling method is based on the actuator disc condition and was made iterative in order to take the interaction into account.In a second phase, results from unsteady simulations and wind tunnel experiments were compared to the coupling results so as to confirm that the later was able to produce the engine's aerodynamic performances under the influence of the installation. In order to validate the coupling on a wide computational domain, multiple configurations were used, taking different installations into account, with different propellers and multiple flight conditions.Finally, an improvement of the actuator disc condition was proposed through a turbulence modeling showing the impact of the blades passages on the flow. Indeed, the actuator disc condition is currently unable to faithfully transpose the propellers impact on the turbulence, especially on the turbulence rate increase. Therefore, an original formulation of a turbulence model was given, based on the works of Mr. Benay.

The focus of this study investigates the effect backpack weight has on the height of middle school students. It provides data about the effects of backpack weight on height that has not previously been determined. This study aims to contribute information to a growing body of evidence which supports the limitation of backpack weight for children to be no more than 10% of body weight.

The information covered in this project is intended to give the physical educator and coach an easy-to-follow manual with illustrations to guide them through basic instructions on the parallel squat. This project will include biomechanical principles of the squat exercise.

This work deals with image compression using wavelet transformation. At the beginning , you can find theoretical information about the best known techniques used for image compression , a thorough description of wavelet transormation and the EBCOT algorithm. A significant part of the work is devoted to the library's own implementation . Another chapter of the diploma thesis deals with the comparison and evaluation of the achieved results of the processed library with the JPEG2000 format

This master's thesis is focused on the design of handling and lifting equipment of production line. This thesis deals with the design of the frame for transverse feed of 100 mm and longitudinal feed of 1500 mm. The thesis deals with the design of several lifting equipment for load capacity 1450 kg and stroke 120 mm. The main part of this thesis is focused on appropriate calculations for selected variants of lifting equipment. The conclusion contains comparison lifting constructions and description equipment in the production line. The thesis contains assembly drawings of several lifting equipment variants and assembly drawings of equipment.

The aim of this diploma thesis is the processing of selected parts of the construction technology project for the New office and manufacturing building of GRADIOR TECH a.s. The building is located in the Královopolská industrial park in Brno - Královo pole. The construction is divided into 6 buildings. The indicative time and financial plan focuses on the building as a whole. Furthermore, the diploma thesis focuses in detail on the construction technology project project in detail on the building of the office building, which is based on drilled piles. On these piles, the cup feet for pillar fitting are placed on which the beams are fitted together with frames and ceiling panels. The building is diverse and contains both prefabricated and monolithic structures.

This master´s thesis deals with the design of a crane trolley with the main and ancillary lift according to the specified parameters. The aim of the work is the elaboration of technical calculations and drawing documentation. The technical report deals with the design of lifting mechanisms, travelling mechanism and design and strength control of the crane frame. The drawing documentation includes a stroke assembly drawing, a travel assembly drawing, a frame steel structure assembly drawing, and a general crane cat assembly drawing.