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Finding faith between the infidelities: historiography as mourning in ShakespeareScott, Amy January 2010 (has links)
This dissertation considers early modern historiography as a form of mourning; the mourner's vision of the afterlife for the dead is a fitting parallel to the afterlife of the past in the historiographical text. Protestants comforted the living and the dying with the notion that the dead would temporarily rest after death. The idea of rest was comforting because it was only provisional; the dead would be resurrected by Christ in the future and would be reunited with their loved-ones. / The prospect that the dead rested was comforting, but it could also be unsettling in many ways. The funeral rituals that made the dead appear restful in fact testify to the ongoing effects of decay. Moreover, the mourner did not necessarily wish to put the dead to rest completely; this would constitute a troubling break of a meaningful affective bond. Thus, even as the mourner puts the dead to rest, she launches an ongoing interpretive address to the dead. A history of early modern waking, prophetic utterances and burial materials supplies evidence for this argument. The value of thinking of early modern mourning in this way is that it mirrors the work of history, which is, as Michel de Certeau argues, "a labour of death and a labour against death" (The Writing of History 5). Historians, like mourners, attempt to preserve the integrity of the dead even as they acknowledged that the dead could only be preserved in the imaginative and emotional address by the living. / In connecting early modern historiography to mourning, this dissertation argues that many "unhistorical" moments in Shakespeare's Cymbeline and Shakespeare and Fletcher's Henry VIII are profound considerations of the work of history; this view is supported by thinking of these plays in conjunction with Richard III. All three plays test the border between the living and the dead, often by staging burials, and, also, supernatural visitations of ghosts and gods. Shakespeare advances a notion of ethical historiography in which the site of burial is also the site of ongoing interpretive energy. / Cette thèse considère le début de l'historiographie moderne comme une sorte de deuil ; la vision qu'a la personne en deuil, du défunt dans la vie après la mort est un parallèle pertinent à l'au-delà du passé dans le texte historiographique. Les protestants conciliaient la vie et la mort dans l'idée que la mort se reposerait temporairement après son décès. L'idée de repos était réconfortante car elle n'était que provisoire ; les morts seraient ressuscités par le Christ à l'avenir et seraient réunis avec leurs proches. / La perspective que le défunt se reposait était réconfortante, mais elle aurait pu également être troublante à bien des égards ; les rituels funéraires qui montraient le cadavre reposé, en fait, témoignaient de l'effet persistant de la décadence. En outre, la personne plongée dans le deuil ne souhaitait pas nécessairement le repos complet du disparu, constituant une rupture significative du lien affectif. Ainsi, alors même que le trépassé repose en paix, la personne qui le pleure maintient un dialogue interprétatif avec ce dernier. Un éveil dans l'histoire du monde moderne, énonciations prophétiques et préparatifs matériels autour de l'inhumation étayant cette allégation. La valeur de la pensée accordée au deuil dans le monde moderne, en ce sens, est le reflet du travail de l'histoire, qui est, comme le soutient Michel de Certeau : "le travail de la mort et le travail contre la mort", (L'écriture de l'histoire 5). Les historiens, tout comme les pleureurs, tentèrent de préserver l'intégrité de la mort alors même qu'ils reconnaissaient que celle-ci pouvait, seule, subsister dans l'imagination ainsi que dans l'émotion des vivants. / En reliant le début de l'historiographie moderne au deuil, cette thèse soutient que beaucoup de moments 'non historiques' comme dans Cymbeline de Shakespeare, et dans Henry VIII de Shakespeare et Fletcher, sont d'une importance extrême dans l'uvre de l'histoire, ce point de vue est soutenu par la pensée de ces pièces, en conjonction avec Richard III. Ces trois pièces interrogent la frontière entre la vie et la mort, souvent en mettant en scène des enterrements, ainsi qu'en organisant des visites surnaturelles de fantômes et de dieux. Shakespeare avance la notion d'éthique de l'historiographie selon laquelle l'espace de l'inhumation est également celui de l'interprétation d'énergie continue.
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The social contract and the romantic canon: the individual and society in the works of Wordsworth, Godwin and Mary ShelleyRivlin Beenstock, Zoe January 2011 (has links)
This dissertation considers British Romantic-era literature as a critique of social contract philosophy. I argue that the dominant neo-Kantian critical framework is extraneous to many actual Romantic works and belongs more to the critics than to the texts themselves. In the first chapter, I examine Romanticism's empiricist contexts, demonstrating that such diverse seventeenth- and eighteenth-century philosophers as Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, Hume, Smith, Mandeville and Ferguson face the similar challenge of finding an ethical basis for commonality within an essentially asocial conception of human nature. Previously, the understanding of humans as sociable creatures had been so dominant that Rousseau, Hobbes and Locke were expressing a startlingly different view of human nature in their accounts of individuals forming a social contract. Anglo-Scottish critics of the social contract are influenced by social contract theory's difficulty reconciling individuals to broader ethical commitments. Hume posits sociability as a fiction for organizing a chaotic reality, and Mandeville redefines individualism and literature as social virtues, rather than vices. Yet all of the theorists considered in this chapter face the similar problem of accommodating individual needs within the greater social body. The second chapter focuses on Wordsworth's Prelude, which is arguably the most canonical English Romantic text, and a prime target of new-historicist criticism. I analyze Wordsworth's complex and evolving attitudes to Rousseau in The Prelude (1805), and also in the "Letter to the Bishop of Llandaff" (1793), The Excursion (1814), and the 1850 Prelude. While in France in the early 1790s, Wordsworth was drawn to the new idea of a social contract. His Prelude echoes Rousseau's pastoral pattern whereby social retreat motivates the idealization of nature. But when power actually reverts to nature in revolutionary France, Wordsworth rejects the social contract and turns to his private vocation as a poet. This shift has been extensively criticized by new historicist scholarship. Yet for the rest of his career, Wordsworth continued to wrestle with social contract theory's inner contradictions.In the third chapter, I study Godwin as a unique writer both of political theory and of literature, comparing his Enquiry Concerning Political Justice to Fleetwood. Instead of the usual view that Godwin had a non-Rousseauvian political phase and then a sentimental literary one, I regard these as concurrent and conflicting positions within Godwin's work, which he derives from Rousseau's and Hume's arguments that individuals must conform to society's master narratives. In Fleetwood, Rousseau features as an actual fictional character, and his friend Mr. Macneil as a thinly-disguised portrait of Hume. Godwin also criticizes the gendering of individualism, echoing Mary Wollstonecraft in his account of Fleetwood's marriage. But although critical of the inherent misogyny of a misanthropic, individualistic culture, Godwin remains more concerned with homosocial male dynamics than with women, and with individualism's weaknesses than with his own complicity therein. A complement to Fleetwood is provided by Frankenstein, which unreservedly criticizes individualism. Shelley opposes individualism by innovatively constructing her own text as a collaborative enterprise rather than an individual work. Accordingly, Frankenstein engages in an intertextual dialogue with Godwin, Wollstonecraft, and their relationships to Rousseau. Shelley suggests that Rousseau is less concerned with an idealized past or utopian future, than with the inherent conflicts of sociability, which she expresses through the figure of Frankenstein's creature. Together with his aborted female companion, this creature has become an icon of individualism's discontents, which continue to preoccupy popular culture nearly two centuries later. / La philosophie du contrat social des XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles a modifié la relation entre l'individu et la société. Pendant cette période, la société est passée du précédent modèle du corps politique à un nouveau concept au moyen duquel un groupe d'individus différents s'unissent pour protéger leurs droits en établissant un contrat social. Hobbes, Locke et Rousseau ont lutté pour développer un modèle de société qui met l'individu à la première place. Des critiques empiristes de cette tradition comme Hume et Smith furent aussi influencés par l'individualisme révolutionnaire du contrat social, tout en étant plus sceptiques quant à son modèle de communauté. La perspective du contrat social a eu une influence directe sur la Révolution française, et – par extension – sur la littérature romantique anglaise.Mais le contrat social n'a pas retenu l'attention d'une tradition critique dominée par son intérêt pour l'idéalisme germanique, et par une ferme croyance dans le fait que le romantisme annulait tout contexte socio-historique. Cette étude de l'influence de la tradition du contrat social sur des textes canoniques du romantisme vise à recentrer la conscience politique du romantisme. Mon travail de recherche s'ajoute à un récent intérêt pour les contextes empiriques, il élargit les débats tout en les concentrant sur le contrat social dans plusieurs ouvrages exemplaires du romantisme. Le Prélude, de William Wordsworth, sans doute l'archétype du poème romantique, est aussi la cible de la récente nouvelle critique historiciste. Je retrace son dialogue dynamique avec les théories de Rousseau sur sa longue histoire éditoriale. Wordsworth rencontre des difficultés similaires à celle des sujets modernes aliénés de Rousseau, qui ressentent la société comme hostile aux désirs individuels. J'examine ensuite le dialogue ambivalent de William Godwin avec la philosophie du contrat social, comparant Enquiry Concerning Political Justice à Fleetwood, qui met en question les théories sociales individualistes. Dans Frankenstein, Mary Shelley critique le mythe de l'indépendance originelle dans le contrat social, s'inspirant directement de Rousseau ainsi que des références qu'y fait Mary Wollstonecraft. Ces textes romantiques, écrits une génération après Du contrat social et à la suite de la Révolution française, s'intéressent à la formation d'une société composée d'individus isolés. Deux cents ans plus tard, ce problème reste au premier plan de la théorie politique, expliquant en partie la fascination contemporaine pour les icônes romantiques, comme la nature de Wordsworth, le solitaire du romantique Godwin et la créature de Frankenstein.
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'Painful passages' : death, ritual, and literature in post-Reformation England /Steen, Abram, January 2007 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2007. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-06, Section: A, page: 2467. Adviser: Achsah Guibbory. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 169-188) Available on microfilm from Pro Quest Information and Learning.
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Early modern pornographiesJones, Melissa J. January 2007 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of English, 2007. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-09, Section: A, page: 3870. Adviser: Linda Charnes. Title from dissertation home page (viewed May 8, 2008).
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Such is Furphy half bushman, half bookworm.Halliday, Laura. Unknown Date (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Southern Illinois University at Carbondale, 2005. / (UnM)AAI3204673. Adviser: Charles Fanning. Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-01, Section: A, page: 0194.
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Reluctant wanderers, mobile feelings moving figures in eighteenth-century literature.Horrocks, Ingrid. Unknown Date (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Princeton University, 2006. / (UnM)AAI3214564. Advisers: Claudia Johnson; Sophie Gee. Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-04, Section: A, page: 1350.
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The book as material instrument London literary publishing, 1885-1900 /Smith, Kenneth Clay. January 2006 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of English, 2006. / Title from PDF t.p. (viewed Nov. 11, 2008). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 67-11, Section: A, page: 4197. Adviser: Patrick Brantlinger.
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Duty, emigration and the "condition of England" debate, 1826--1854Stow, Sarah Randolph. Unknown Date (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--State University of New York at Stony Brook, 2006. / (UMI)AAI3258914. Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-04, Section: A, page: 1471. Adviser: Adrienne Munich.
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Commercial temporality and modern historicism in Britain, 1745-1819Campbell, Timothy P. January 2008 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of English, 2008. / Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on May 12, 2009). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-08, Section: A, page: 3158. Adviser: Deidre Lynch.
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Nursery of the nation : mothers, midwives and national identity on the eighteenth-century comedic stage /Savage, Elizabeth Anne. January 2008 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2008. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-05, Section: A, page: 1798. Adviser: Suvir Kaul. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 216-228) Available on microfilm from Pro Quest Information and Learning.
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