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Eficácia da soja geneticamente modificada MON 87701 × MON 89788 com a expressão da proteína Cry1Ac no controle de Anticarsia gemmatalis (Hübner) e Pseudoplusia includens (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)Corbo, Edson [UNESP] 27 June 2011 (has links) (PDF)
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corbo_e_me_jabo.pdf: 183600 bytes, checksum: 92b9b2f8b4062ac8366cd8b8a5c3a3ad (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A soja transgênica MON 87701 × MON 89788 com Cry1Ac foi comparada com a soja isogênica não transgênica (M 8329) e soja RR (M 8360 RR) resistente ao herbicida glifosato no controle destes insetos, sob condições de casa-de-vegetação. Adotou-se o delineamento de blocos casualizados em parcelas subdividas com 4 repetições, sendo que os níveis de infestação corresponderam aos tratamentos primários, enquanto os genótipos de soja corresponderam aos tratamentos secundários. A soja foi cultivada em vasos plásticos sob gaiola telada. Os tratamentos primários para o ensaio com A. gemmatalis foram a) sem infestação; b) baixa infestação com liberação de 64,75+66,75 (fêmea+macho) adultos/parcela e c) alta infestação com liberação de 317,25+302,5 (fêmea+macho) adultos/parcela; enquanto para P. includens foram a) baixa infestação com liberação de 55,25+58,55 (fêmea+macho) adultos/parcela e b) alta infestação com liberação de 213,25+196,5 (fêmea+macho) adultos/parcela. Os tratamentos secundários foram soja MON 87701 × MON 89788; soja isogênica não transgênica; soja RR. Os resultados indicaram que a soja MON 87701 × MON 89788 foi altamente eficiente no controle da lagarta-da-soja e da falsa-medideira. A soja isogênica não transgênica (M 8329) e soja RR (M 8360 RR) não tiveram qualquer efeito nas populações de ambas as lagartas. Os adultos não discriminaram a soja geneticamente modificada e portanto não tiveram preferêncica para oviposição / The transgenic soybean MON 87701 × MON 89788 with Cry1Ac was compared to the isogenic non-transgenic soybeans (M 8329) and RR soybean (M 8360 RR) resistant to glyphosate in the control of the these pests, under greenhouse conditions. Split plot design with four randomized blocks (replications) and infestation levels corresponded to the primary treatment, together with the soybean genotypes corresponded to the secondary treatments was adopted in this study. Soybeans were planted in plastic pots under screened cage. For A. gemmatalis, the primary treatments were a) non-infested plants b) low infestation in which 64.75 +66.75 (female + male) adult/plot were releases c) high infestation in which 317.25 +302.5 (female + male) adult/plot were released; whereas, for P. includens the treatments were a) low infestation with 55.25 +58.55 (female + male) adult/plot and b) high infestation with 213.25 +196.5 (female + male) adult/plot released. The secondary treatments were soybean MON 87701 × MON 89788; isogenic non-transgenic soybean and RR soybean. The results indicated that soybean MON 87701 × MON 89788 was highly effective in controlling both velvetbean caterpillar and soybean looper. Adults of both insects were not able to discriminate the genetically modified soybean, therefore they did not show oviposition preference
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Correlação entre lagartas e mariposas capturadas com feromônio sexual e tratamento de sementes de soja com diferentes inseticidas para o manejo de Chrysodeixis includens (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) na cultura da soja / Correlation between larvae and moths captured with sexual pheromone traps and soybean seed treatment with different insecticides for the management of Chrysodeixis includens (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on soybean cropGrigolli, Mirian Maristela Kubota [UNESP] 04 July 2017 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2017-07-04 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A lagarta falsa-medideira, Chrysodeixis includens, é uma das principais pragas da cultura da soja no Brasil e o seu manejo integrado deve ser realizado para controlar a infestação. O uso de feromônios pode auxiliar na previsão de surtos e da densidade populacional de pragas. O tratamento de sementes é uma estratégia bastante eficaz para garantir o estabelecimento das plantas e proteção contra o ataque de pragas iniciais. Os objetivos foram avaliar o uso de feromônio sexual para monitorar a população de C. includens e relacionar o número de adultos coletados nas armadilhas com a densidade populacional de lagartas no pano de batida, e propor um nível de ação de falsa-medideira na cultura; bem como verificar o efeito do tratamento de sementes no estabelecimento inicial de plantas de soja e no manejo da lagarta falsa-medideira. Os experimentos de correlação foram conduzidos nos anos agrícolas 2013/14 e 2014/15 e os experimentos de tratamento de sementes em 2015/16 e 2016/17, na Estação Experimental da Fundação MS, em Maracaju e em Naviraí, MS. Nos experimentos de correlação entre mariposas capturadas em armadilhas com feromônio sexual e lagartas coletadas no monitoramento, foram realizadas avaliações semanais com 10 batidas de pano por talhão, bem como a contagem dos adultos nos pisos adesivos das armadilhas tipo Delta. Posteriormente realizou-se a análise de correlação na análise de variância entre o número de lagartas pequenas, médias, grandes e total e o número de mariposas de C. includens. Para o estudo de diferentes inseticidas aplicados em tratamento de sementes de soja, foram utilizados os seguintes inseticidas em gi.a. para cada 100 kg de sementes: fipronil (50,0 gi.a.), tiodicarbe + imidacloprido (157,5 + 52,5 gi.a.), clotianidina (60,0 gi.a.), tiametoxam (87,5 gi.a.), clorantraniliprole (62,5 gi.a.), ciantraniliprole (60,0 gi.a.) e ciantraniliprole + tiametoxam (60,0 + 87,5 gi.a.), além de uma Testemunha sem tratamento de semente. Foram realizadas avaliações de estande de plantas de soja, infestação de C. includens, número de vagens por planta, massa de cem grãos e rendimento de grãos dos diferentes tratamentos. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que há correlação significativa, linear e positiva entre o número de mariposas de C. includens coletadas nas armadilhas de feromônio sexual e de lagartas encontradas nos panos de batidas, estabelecendo-se o nível de ação de 15 mariposas coletadas por armadilha por semana para aplicações de inseticidas químicos na cultura da soja. Já para os ensaios de tratamento de sementes, os verificou-se que tiametoxam, ciantraniliprole e ciantraniliprole + tiametoxam proporcionaram maior velocidade no estabelecimento inicial das plantas de soja e estes foram eficientes no manejo de C. includens na cultura da soja, resultando em mais vagens por planta, maior massa de cem grãos e rendimento de grãos. / The soybean looper, Chrysodeixis includens, is one of the main pests of soybean crop in Brazil, and its integrated management must carried out to control the infestation. The use of pheromones can help in forecasting outbreaks and population density of many pests. Seed treatment is a very effective strategy to ensure establishment of plants and protection against early pests. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the use of sex pheromone to monitor the population of C. includens and to relate the number of adults collected in the traps with the population density of larvae in the beat cloth, to propose a threshold level of soybean looper on the crop. Also, verify the effect of the seed treatment in the initial establishment of soybean plants and the management of the soybean looper. The correlation experiments were realized during the seasons 2013/14 and 2014/15 and the seed treatment experiments in 2015/16 and 2016/17 seasons at the MS Foundation Experimental Station in Maracaju and Naviraí, MS. In the correlation experiments between moths trapped in sexual pheromone traps and caterpillars collected in the monitoring, weekly evaluations were performed with 10 beats of cloth per field, as well as the counting of adults on the adhesive floors of the Delta traps. Subsequently, correlation analysis weres performed in the analysis of variance between the number of small, medium, large and total larvae and the number of moths of C. includens. To study the different insecticides applied in seed treatment of soybean, the following insecticides were used in ga.i. per 100 kg of seeds: fipronil (50.0 ga.i.), thiodicarb + imidacloprid (157.5 + 52.5 ga.i.), clothianidin (60.0 ga.i.), thiamethoxam (87, 5 ga.i.), chlorantraniliprole (62.5 ga.i.), cyantranyliprole (60.0 ga.i.) and cyanthraniliprole + thiamethoxam (60.0 + 87.5 ga.i.), in addition to a control without seed treatment. Evaluations were performed considering plants per meter, infestation of C. includens, number of pods per plant, mass of 100 grains and grain yield of different treatments. The results indicate that there is a significant linear and positive correlation between the number of moths of C. includens collected in the sexual pheromone traps and caterpillars found in the beating cloth, establishing the threshold level of 15 moths collected per trap per week for applications of chemical insecticides in soybean crop. The seed treatment trials, thiamethoxam, cyantraniliprole and cyantraniliprole + thiamethoxam were found to provide higher speed in the initial establishment of soybean plants, and these were efficient in the management of C. includens in the soybean crop, resulting in more pods per plant, greater mass of 100 grains and yield of grains.
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Softwarový kytarový looper s dálkovým ovládáním / Software Guitar Looper with Remote ControlKalník, Jan January 2018 (has links)
This thesis deals with creating a software guitar looper in a visual programming language called Pure Data and also building a specific remote controller for it. The remote cont- roller will be based on a MIDI protocol. As a part of the software, there will be a special aligning algorithm, that will take care of precise alignment of the created loop on beat in the way that no other intrusive rhythmical or tempo related elements are present.
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A study of the fine structure and the function of the ocellus of the adult cabbage looper (Trichoplusia ni, Hübner) (lepidoptera: noctuidae)Dow, Matthew Allen 08 June 2010 (has links)
The structure of the cabbage looper ocellus was examined by light and electron microscopy. Rhabdoms were found in the distal region of the retinula cells. These were formed by the apposition of microvillar borders of adjacent cells, thus, an interrupted network of rhabdoms was found to exist in cross section. No convergence of first order neurons to second order neurons was found anywhere above the protocerebrum as is typical of insect photoreceptors in general. No synapses were found to exist anywhere above the brain.
It is hypothesized that the cabbage looper ocellus plays a major role in determining the light intensity at which crepuscular flight is initiated. This hypothesis was tested in the following manner.
Laboratory reared moths were divided into five groups each with a different or no treatment. These were: 1. Compound eyes and ocelli occluded. 2. Compound eyes occluded. 3. Ocelli occluded. 4. Controls. 5. Controls sham treated. All groups were placed in transparent flight chambers and submitted to a simulated sunset. Test results were compared using the Duncan Multi-Range Test and Standard errors. The results indicate that the cabbage looper ocellus plays a role in determining the light intensity at which crepuscular flight is initiated. / Master of Science
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Effect of electrostatic fields on insects: the housefly and cabbage looperRidout, Robert Angell January 1974 (has links)
Effects of electrostatic fields on insects were studied using cabbage loopers, Trichoplusia ni (Hubner) and houseflies, Musca domestica L. Two series of tests were conducted; one to determine the electrostatic field effect on the locational preference and the other to determine the field effect on wingbeat.
Among the field gradients examined (250, 500, 750, 1000, 1250, 1500 v/crn), those with 750 v/cm and up had significant influence on the locational preference of houseflies at the five percent significance level. With a choice between two regions, having no field and with field at an e.f.i. of 750 v/cm, houseflies preferred to be in the field. For gradients above 750 v/cm the houseflies preferred the region with no field.
Electrostatic fields with gradients 500, 750, 1000, 1250, and 1500 v/cm had significant effect on the wingbeat frequency of male cabbage loopers and no effect on females. The change in wingbeat among males was found to increase linearly with increasing e.f.i. Removal of part or full antenna did not effect the response of loopers to electrostatic fields. / Master of Science
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Interactions of <i>EXYRA RIDINGSII</i>, Riding's Pitcherplant Looper Moth and <i>SARRACENIA FLAVA </i>, the Yellow Pitcher PlantRicci, Christine A 01 December 2014 (has links)
1. Exyra ridingsii is a host specific moth that spends its entire immature life cycle in the fire dependent Sarracenia flava pitcher plant. Sarracenia flava requires acidic, moist soil that undergoes frequent burns. 2. Habitat selection and the effects of fire as well as other habitat characteristics were examined for E. ridingsii during this study. 3. For this study, five sites in the Croatan National Forest were surveyed four times each year for two years. Only one site had no disturbances since 2009; the remaining four sites were evenly split with two having had burns occur in them and two having burns occur nearby in 2012. At each site seven to twenty quadrats were selected randomly for sampling. 4. In each quadrat, trumpets were counted and measured for height. Also recorded was whether the trumpets were healthy or affected by herbivory, and the fraction affected was calculated (herbivory per clump). 5. Highest median herbivory per clump values were found at the burned sites. Millis 2 had 100% herbivory for the late summer 2013 sampling date, and Millis 1 had a herbivory per clump value of 0.86; 86% of clumps at this site exhibited herbivory. All other values were above 50% with the exception of Catfish Lake Road which was 0.32. Herbivory per clump was not found to be statistically correlated to site and therefore burn status. 6. Burn status, soil saturation, and woody understory growth all seem to play a role in the habitat selection of E. ridingsii but there is much research still to be done.
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Dinâmica populacional, infestação natural e aspectos biológicos de Chrysodeixis includens (Walker: 1857) e Spodoptera spp. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) em cultivares de soja e algodoeiro Bt que expressam proteínas Cry / Population dynamics, natural infestation and biological aspects of Chrysodeixis includens (Walker: 1857) and Spodoptera spp. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in soybean an cotton cultivars expressing Cry proteinsViana, Daniela de Lima [UNESP] 16 February 2018 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2018-02-16 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O cenário agrícola no Centro Oeste conta com os chamados sistemas de produção, nos quais os cultivos ocorrem de forma constante e sucessiva durante um mesmo ano agrícola. No entanto, isso tem propiciado problemas cada vez mais frequentes relacionados a alguns grupos de pragas, dentre eles os lepidópteros. Espécies como Chrysodeixis includens e o complexo de Spodoptera vem crescendo de importância, causando prejuízos, principalmente em culturas como a soja e o algodoeiro. Dentre os métodos mais utilizados para o controle de insetos-praga no Brasil, destaca-se o uso de OGM, a partir da inserção de genes da bactéria Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), com expressão de proteínas com ações inseticidas. Entretanto, um dos grandes problemas é a seleção de populações de pragas resistentes aos cultivos Bt devido ao uso contínuo e inadequado da tecnologia. Diante disso, os objetivos do presente estudo foram avaliar os efeitos de cultivares Bt de soja e algodoeiro, que expressam proteínas inseticidas Cry, sobre os aspectos biológicos de C. includens em laboratório, como também avaliar a dinâmica populacional e a infestação natural de lagartas de C. includens e de Spodoptera spp. em condições de campo, no estado do Mato Grosso. Para o estudo dos aspectos biológicos, utilizou-se lagartas neonatas que foram alimentadas com folhas das cultivares de soja e algodoeiro não Bt e Bt de diferentes tecnologias. Os experimentos de campo foram realizados em área experimental do IMAmt na safra 2016/2017, utilizando cultivares de soja e algodoeiro não Bt e Bt com expressão de diferentes proteínas Cry. As cultivares de soja Bt, que expressam a proteína Cry1Ac, afetam os parâmetros biológicos de C. includens, controlando de maneira eficiente, tanto em laboratório quanto em campo. Em relação às lagartas de Spodoptera spp. observou-se que as cultivares de soja Bt não controlam eficientemente esses lepidópteros. A cultivar de algodoeiro que expressa a proteína Cry1Ac, causa pouco efeito sobre as lagartas de C. includens, não apresentando controle satisfatório, tanto nos aspectos biológicos observados em laboratório quanto na infestação em campo, se comportando de forma similar à cultivar de algodoeiro não Bt. As cultivares de algodoeiro Bt piramidadas, Cry1Ac+Cry1F, Cry1Ac+Cry2Ab2 e Cry1Ab+Cry2Ae, apresentaram controle de C. includens, afetando a sobrevivência de lagartas pequenas em laboratório e campo. Por outro lado, a piramidação de cultivares por si só não é suficiente, por exemplo, para as lagartas de Spodoptera spp. Nos eventos de algodão Bt em campo, verificou-se que as cultivares que expressam as proteínas Cry1Ac e Cry1Ac+Cry1F, não suprimem suas infestações, enquanto que nas cultivares piramidadas que expressam Cry1Ac+Cry2Ab2 e Cry1Ab+Cry2Ae a supressão foi considerada eficiente. / The agricultural scenario in the brazilian midwest counts on the socalled production systems, in which crops occur constantly and successively during the same agricultural year. However, this has caused increasingly frequent problems related to some groups of pests, among them the Lepidoptera. Species such as Chrysodeixis includens and the Spodoptera complex have been increasing in importance, causing damage, especially in crops such as soybean and cotton. Among the most used methods for the control of insect pests in Brazil, the use of GMOs, from the insertion of genes of the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), with expression of proteins with insecticidal actions, stands out. However, one of the major problems is the selection of populations of pests resistant to Bt crops due to the continuous and inadequate use of the technology. The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the effects of Bt cultivars of soybean and cotton, which express insecticidal Cry proteins, on the biological aspects of C. includens in the laboratory, as well as to evaluate the population dynamics and the natural infestation of caterpillars C. includens and Spodoptera spp. under field conditions, in the state of Mato Grosso. For the study of the biological aspects, we used caterpillars that were fed with leaves of the cultivars of soybean and non-Bt and Bt cotton of different technologies. Field experiments were carried out in the experimental area of the IMAmt in the 2016/2017 season, using soybean and cotton cultivars non-Bt and Bt with different Cry protein expression. Soybean Bt cultivars, which express the Cry1Ac protein, affect the biological parameters of C. includens, efficiently controlling both in the laboratory and in the field. In relation to the caterpillars of Spodoptera spp., it was observed that Bt soybean cultivars do not efficiently control these lepidoptera. The cotton cultivar that expresses the Cry1Ac protein causes little effect on the caterpillars of C. includens, not showing satisfactory control, both in the biological aspects observed in the laboratory and in the infestation in the field, behaving in a similar way to the cultivar of non-Bt cotton. Cotton Bt cultivars, Cry1Ac+Cry1F, Cry1Ac+Cry2Ab2 and Cry1Ab+Cry2Ae, showed control of C. includens, affecting the survival of small caterpillars in the laboratory and in the field. On the other hand, the pyramiding of cultivars alone is not sufficient, for example, for the caterpillars of Spodoptera spp. In the field cotton Bt events, it was found that cultivars expressing the Cry1Ac and Cry1Ac+Cry1F proteins do not suppress their infestations, whereas in pyrite cultivars expressing Cry1Ac+Cry2Ab2 and Cry1Ab+Cry2Ae suppression was considered efficient.
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Eficácia da soja geneticamente modificada MON 87701 × MON 89788 com a expressão da proteína Cry1Ac no controle de Anticarsia gemmatalis (Hübner) e Pseudoplusia includens (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) /Corbo, Edson. January 2011 (has links)
Orientador: Odair Aparecido Fernandes / Banca: Alexandre de Sene Pinto / Banca: Arlindo Leal Boiça Junior / Resumo: A soja transgênica MON 87701 × MON 89788 com Cry1Ac foi comparada com a soja isogênica não transgênica (M 8329) e soja RR (M 8360 RR) resistente ao herbicida glifosato no controle destes insetos, sob condições de casa-de-vegetação. Adotou-se o delineamento de blocos casualizados em parcelas subdividas com 4 repetições, sendo que os níveis de infestação corresponderam aos tratamentos primários, enquanto os genótipos de soja corresponderam aos tratamentos secundários. A soja foi cultivada em vasos plásticos sob gaiola telada. Os tratamentos primários para o ensaio com A. gemmatalis foram a) sem infestação; b) baixa infestação com liberação de 64,75+66,75 (fêmea+macho) adultos/parcela e c) alta infestação com liberação de 317,25+302,5 (fêmea+macho) adultos/parcela; enquanto para P. includens foram a) baixa infestação com liberação de 55,25+58,55 (fêmea+macho) adultos/parcela e b) alta infestação com liberação de 213,25+196,5 (fêmea+macho) adultos/parcela. Os tratamentos secundários foram soja MON 87701 × MON 89788; soja isogênica não transgênica; soja RR. Os resultados indicaram que a soja MON 87701 × MON 89788 foi altamente eficiente no controle da lagarta-da-soja e da falsa-medideira. A soja isogênica não transgênica (M 8329) e soja RR (M 8360 RR) não tiveram qualquer efeito nas populações de ambas as lagartas. Os adultos não discriminaram a soja geneticamente modificada e portanto não tiveram preferêncica para oviposição / Abstract: The transgenic soybean MON 87701 × MON 89788 with Cry1Ac was compared to the isogenic non-transgenic soybeans (M 8329) and RR soybean (M 8360 RR) resistant to glyphosate in the control of the these pests, under greenhouse conditions. Split plot design with four randomized blocks (replications) and infestation levels corresponded to the primary treatment, together with the soybean genotypes corresponded to the secondary treatments was adopted in this study. Soybeans were planted in plastic pots under screened cage. For A. gemmatalis, the primary treatments were a) non-infested plants b) low infestation in which 64.75 +66.75 (female + male) adult/plot were releases c) high infestation in which 317.25 +302.5 (female + male) adult/plot were released; whereas, for P. includens the treatments were a) low infestation with 55.25 +58.55 (female + male) adult/plot and b) high infestation with 213.25 +196.5 (female + male) adult/plot released. The secondary treatments were soybean MON 87701 × MON 89788; isogenic non-transgenic soybean and RR soybean. The results indicated that soybean MON 87701 × MON 89788 was highly effective in controlling both velvetbean caterpillar and soybean looper. Adults of both insects were not able to discriminate the genetically modified soybean, therefore they did not show oviposition preference / Mestre
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Broccoli yield response to cabbage looper and varietal preferences of lepidopterous pests of broccoliVail, Karen M. January 1988 (has links)
Respondents of the 1986 Broccoli Growers Survey grew an average of 6.2 acres of broccoli in Fall 1986; popular varieties were Green Valiant (87.5% of respondents), Packman and Emperor (62.5%). Less than 5% of tobacco land was converted to broccoli production by 62.5% of the growers. Before heading, 2.4 insecticidal sprays were applied for worms at $20.51/acre. During heading, 2.4 insecticidal sprays were applied for worms at $19.40/acre.
Under normal growing conditions, a nine-day mean of 8.4 and a 15-day mean of 12.1 cabbage looper larvae/plant did not significantly reduce yield in the Spring and Fall respectively. However, means of 7.4 and 11.1 cabbage looper larvae/plant reduced yield (head weight) under drought conditions. Harvest date was not affected by the above cabbage looper levels. In Fall 1986, a reduction in yield occurred when plants had 50% or more defoliation and harvest date was significantly delayed at 100% defoliation. In the drought stressed Spring 1987 planting, a stimulation in yield occurred at 25% defoliation and 75% defoliation was needed to significantly reduce yield, but there was no difference in harvest date.
The imported cabbageworm was the most abundant pest of broccoli in Montgomery Co., VA. Based on counts of all immature stages of the insects for three seasons, Packman and Southern Comet varieties were less preferred compared to Green Defender.
Laboratory studies indicated that imported cabbageworm larvae developed faster to the fifth instar on Packman broccoli than those reared on Green Defender, Southern Comet or Emperor. Difference in amount consumed between varieties was not detected. Pupae reared on Southern Comet weighed significantly more than those reared on Packman. / M.S.
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Flutuação populacional, distribuição espacial e plano de amostragem sequencial de Anticarsia gemmatalis (Hübner, 1818) (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) e Chrysodeixis includens (Walker, 1858) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) em diferentes cultivares de soja / Population fluctuation, spatial distribution and sequential sampling of Anticarsia gemmatalis (Hübner, 1818) (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) and Chrysodeixis includens (Walker, 1858) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in different soybean cultivarsSantos, Leticia Serpa dos [UNESP] 27 April 2018 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2018-04-27 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Dentre as lagartas desfolhadoras mais importantes nos cultivos da soja no Brasil estão a Anticarsia gemmatalis e a Chrysodeixis includens. O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a flutuação populacional e a relação com fatores meteorológicos e a distribuição espacial de A. gemmatalis e de C. includens em cultivares de soja com diferentes ciclos de desenvolvimento, visando gerar informações sobre o comportamento dessas lagartas na cultura da soja e elaborar um plano de amostragem sequencial para a cultura da soja. Os experimentos foram conduzidos nos anos agrícolas 2013/14 e 2014/15 na FCAV/UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP. Foram selecionados três campos, e em cada um foi demarcada uma área de 8.000 m2, sendo cada área subdividida em 80 parcelas de 100 m2 (10 m x 10 m). As cultivares de soja utilizadas foram: SYN 1365 RR (precoce), M 7908 RR (média) e BRS Valiosa RR (tardia). As amostragens foram realizadas semanalmente pelo método da batida de pano, em 2 m de linha de plantas, registrando-se o número total de lagartas maiores que 1,5 cm de A. gemmatalis e C. includens. Para o estudo da flutuação populacional das espécies de lagartas da soja os resultados foram submetidos à analise estatística, efetuando-se correlação de Pearson, entre o número de espécies de lagartas e as variáveis meteorológicas, precipitação e temperatura. Para o estudo da dispersão foram utilizados os seguintes índices: razão variância/média, índice de Morisita, coeficiente de Green e o expoente k da distribuição binomial negativa. Para os estudos dos modelos de distribuição espacial foram testados os ajustes das distribuições de Poisson e binomial negativa. O plano de amostragem sequencial foi elaborado para os dados de lagartas maiores que 1,5 cm com base no Teste Sequencial da Razão da Máxima Verossimilhança, e foi utilizado o nível de controle de 40 lagartas maiores que 1,5 cm por pano de batida na cultura da soja. De acordo com os resultados da flutuação populacional, as maiores densidades populacionais de A. gemmatalis e C. includens foram observadas no estádio fenológico R1 da soja. A temperatura influenciou a variação da densidade populacional de C. includens no primeiro ano agrícola e a precipitação influenciou a população de ambas as lagartas nos dois anos agrícolas. A distribuição espacial de lagartas maiores que 1,5 cm foi agregada para todas as cultivares no ano agrícola com baixa incidência de lagartas e aleatória no ano agrícola com alta incidência de lagartas, com melhor ajuste à distribuição binomial negativa. No plano de amostragem sequencial, verificou-se um máximo de dez unidades amostrais para tomada de decisão de controle. / The most frequent leafhopper caterpillars on soybean crops in Brazil are Anticarsia gemmatalis and Chrysodeixis includens. The objective of this work was to study the population fluctuation and spatial distribution of A. gemmatalis and C. includens in soybean cultivars of different maturing cycles in order to help the development of a sequential sampling plan. The experiments were carried out in seasons 2013/14 and 2014/15 at FCAV / UNESP, Jaboticabal, SP. Three fields were selected, and on each one an area of 8.000 m² was marked and divided into 80 splits of 100 m² (10 m x 10 m). The soybean cultivars of different maturing cycles were: SYN 1365 RR (early), M 7908 RR (middle) and BRS Valiosa RR (late). Samples were taken weekly using the ground-shake method, in two m line of plants, where it was recorded the number of caterpillars A. gemmatalis and C. includens higher than 1.5 cm. The figures were plotted to demonstrate the population fluctuation between the mean data of insect pest infestation and the phenological stage of culture, and the influence of meteorological factors analyzed using correlation analysis. Insect dispersion in the area was evaluated using the following indexes: variance/mean ratio, Morisita’s index, Green’s coefficient, and the k exponent of negative binomial distribution. For studies of spatial distribution models of A. gemmatalis and C. includens, adjustments of Poisson distribution and negative binomial distribution were tested. The sequential sampling plan was developed for caterpillars higher than 1.5 cm based on the ratio of the Sequential Test Maximum Likelihood, and it was used the threshold levels of 40 and 20 caterpillars higher than 1.5 cm in soybean. According to the results of population fluctuation, the highest population densities of A. gemmatalis and C. includens were observed at the R1 soybean phenological stage. The temperature influenced the variation of population density of C. includens in the first agricultural year and the precipitation influenced the population of both caterpillars in the two agricultural years. The spatial distribution of caterpillars larger than 1.5 cm was aggregated for all cultivars in the agricultural year with low incidence of caterpillars and random in the agricultural year with high incidence of caterpillars, with better adjustment to the negative binomial distribution.In the sequential sampling plan, the maximum number of sample units expected for control of decision-making is around ten samples. / 870397/1997-4
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