Global ETD Search

1	A review of the delay in diagnosis and management of breast lumps in the Theewaterskloof sub district in the Western Cape Hess, A. J. 23 July 2015 (has links) Breast cancer is the most feared and common female malignancy in the world. About one in ten women in South Africa will be diagnosed during her lifetime with this disease. The outcome of breast cancer treatment is dependent on early detection and swift subsequent management. A lack of research exists in South Africa about diagnostic and treatment delay factors. A situational analysis is currently underway to improve the breast cancer service in the country. Even less is known about the delays in rural health care. This study examined the delay during the diagnosis and treatment of breast lumps in the Theewaterskloof (TWK) sub district in the Western Cape. The results were compared to Worcester hospital, the secondary referral centre of this district. Three hundred and twenty (322) patients from Caledon hospital and surrounding clinics in the TWK and 322 randomly selected patients from Worcester hospital surgical clinic, who presented during 2007-2010, were retrospectively studied. The mean breast lump diagnostic period at TWK was 45 days versus 16 days at Worcester. Breast cancer diagnostic times were 38 days and 19 days respectively. More alarming was the difference in breast surgery delay of 173 days versus 16 days at TWK Worcester hospital respectively. These time periods were compared to the tertiary institutions in the Western Cape and with international guidelines. Cytological adequacy i.e. Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA) and core needle biopsy between the institutions are also reported. In conclusion it is suggested that regular training in FNA is required to improve the cytological adequacy at TWK. Long delay in surgical waiting periods can be addressed by referring TWK breast cancer patients to Worcester hospital after diagnosis.
2	Characterizing Benthic Habitats Using Multibeam Sonar and Towed Underwater Video in Two Marine Protected Areas on the West Florida Shelf, USA Brizzolara, Jennifer L. 14 June 2017 (has links) This study investigates a way to characterize the geology and biology of the seafloor in two Marine Protected Areas on the West Florida Shelf. Characterization of benthic habitats needs to include sufficient detail to represent the complex and heterogeneous bottom types. Characterizations can be interpreted from multiple data sets and displayed as benthic habitat maps. Multibeam sonar bathymetry and backscatter provide full spatial data coverage, but interpretation of such data requires some form of ground truth (to characterize the habitat). Imagery from towed underwater video provides continuous transects of seafloor data, which provide a more efficient method than data from sediment grabs, stationary cameras, or video from slow-moving remotely-operated vehicles while a ship is on station. Two Marine Protected Areas, Steamboat Lumps and Madison-Swanson, were previously mapped by the USGS using a 95 kHz multibeam sonar system. Researchers at the University of South Florida, using a 300 kHz high-resolution multibeam sonar in 2002 and a 400 kHz high-resolution multibeam sonar in 2016, filled in the northeast triangular portion of Madison-Swanson. Bathymetry and backscatter data were compared to towed underwater-video observations. A modified version of the Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard (CMECS), utilizing a scale-based hierarchy, was used for habitat characterization of video images. Identifiers from the geoform and substrate components of CMECS, as well as substrate-influencing biologic components, were characterized using still images at 15-second intervals from towed underwater video collected using the Camera-Based Assessment Survey System (C-BASS). These characterizations were then georeferenced (located in three-dimensional space) for comparison with bathymetry and backscatter data. In Steamboat Lumps, eight substrate variations were identified from video, while in Madison-Swanson 27 substrate variations were identified, including many combinations of hard and soft substrate types. Four new hard-bottom textures are identified from video in Madison-Swanson: exposed high-relief, moderate-relief, and low-relief hard bottom, as well as covered low-relief hard bottom identified by the presence of attached biota. Hard- and mixed-bottom substrate types identified from video are more heterogeneous than can be resolved from 95 kHz Kongsberg EM 1002 multibeam sonar bathymetry and beam-averaged backscatter. However, in soft bottom areas, more changes are evident in beam-averaged backscatter than are visible in video, though this may be attributed to changes in sonar settings. This does not appear to be the case with high-resolution and ultra-high resolution multibeam sonars, such as the 300 kHz Kongsberg EM 3000 and the 400 kHz Reson SeaBat 7125, which can use time-series rather than beam-averaged backscatter. Analyses of the multibeam bathymetry data indicate that 94.5% of Steamboat Lumps is “flat” (slope < 5°) versus “sloping” for the remaining area (5° < slope < 30°). Only 87% of Madison-Swanson is “flat” versus “sloping”. Both marine protected areas have very low rugosity, i.e., the surface of the seafloor is nearly planar. habitat classification GIS arcGIS bathymetry backscatter Steamboat Lumps Madison-Swanson MPA Geographic Information Sciences Geology
3	Lump, complexiton and algebro-geometric solutions to soliton equations Zhou, Yuan 28 June 2017 (has links) In chapter 2, we study two Kaup-Newell-type matrix spectral problems, derive their soliton hierarchies within the zero curvature formulation, and furnish their bi-Hamiltonian structures by the trace identity to show that they are integrable in the Liouville sense. In chapter 5, we obtain the Riemann theta function representation of solutions for the first hierarchy of generalized Kaup-Newell systems. In chapter 3, using Hirota bilinear forms, we discuss positive quadratic polynomial solutions to generalized bilinear equations, which generate lump or lump-type solutions to nonlinear evolution equations, and propose an algorithm for computing higher-order lump or lump-type solutions. In chapter 4, we study mixed exponential and trigonometric wave solutions (called complexitons) to general bilinear equations, and propose two methods to find complexitons to generalized bilinear equations. We also succeed in proving that by choosing suitable complex coefficients in soliton solutions, multi-complexitons are actually real wave solutions from complex soliton solutions and establish the linear superposition principle for complexion solutions. In each chapter, we present computational examples. Soliton hierarchy Hamiltonian structure bilinear form lumps complexitons algebro-geometric solutions Mathematics
4	Tópicos em defeitos deformados e o movimento Browniano Santos, Joao Rafael Lucio dos 20 November 2013 (has links) Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:14:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 3660633 bytes, checksum: 7309d28729d29dd071bc87f7c5609ebc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-11-20 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The non-linear science is a central topic covering several investigation areas, such as biology, chemistry, mathematics and physics. In the first part of this thesis, we studied the non-linearity in the scope of classical field theory. The discussions are based on static solutions in (1, 1) space-time dimensions, and they are focused on kinks and lumps defects. In the related procedures, we show several techniques which allowed us to determine new models with their respective analytical solutions. The main mathematical tool to obtain these results is the so called deformation method, which was also an essential piece in the construction of a new extension method. This method presents the determination of new two scalar fields models from the coupling between two one scalar field systems. The method was analyzed carefully, as well as the linear stability, the zero modes, the total energy and the superpotentials, related with the new families of potentials. Furthermore, in the second part we presented the basics concepts about the Brownian Motion, where we analised the features of the solution of the Langevin Equation, and we also introduced a path integral approach to this problem in a quantum field theory way. / A ciência não-linear é tema central de diversas linhas de investigação, cobrindo áreas como a biologia, a física, a matemática e a química. Nossa primeira vertente de trabalho nesta tese, consiste no estudo de não-linearidades via abordagem de teoria clássica de campos. As discussões estão baseadas em soluções estáticas em (1, 1) dimensões, com destaque para o chamados defeitos tipo kink e lump. Nos procedimentos relatados, discorremos a respeito de diversas técnicas para a determinação de novos modelos com suas respectivas soluções analíticas. Um ferramental fundamental para a obtenção desses resultados é o chamado método de deformação, o qual também foi parte essencial para a criação de um método de extensão de modelos, onde visamos a construção de modelos de dois campos reais a partir do acoplamento entre dois modelos de um campo. Tal método também foi exposto em detalhes, bem como as análises sobre estabilidade linear, cálculo de modos zeros, determinação da energia total e dos superpotenciais, relativos às novas famílias de potenciais. Já a segunda linha de pesquisa, refere-se aos conceitos básicos do movimento browniano, onde analisamos as propriedades da solução da equação de Langevin, e na introdução de uma abordagem via integrais de trajetória para descrevê-lo nos moldes de teoria de quântica de campos. Teoria Clássica de Campos Campos Escalares Soluções Analíticas Kinks Lumps Potenciais Movimento Browniano Equação de Langevin Integrais de Trajetória Classical Field Theory Scalar Fields Analytical Solutions Kinks Lumps Potentials Brownian Motion Langevin Equation Path Integral CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::FISICA
5	Transforming the Brute : On the Ethical Acceptability of Creating Painless Animals Mittelstadt, Brent January 2009 (has links) <p><p><em>Transforming the Brute</em> addresses the ethical acceptability of creating painless animals for usage in biomedical experimentation. In recent decades the possibility of creating genetically decerebrate animals or AMLs for human ends has been discussed in scientific, academic, and corporate communities. While the ability to create animals that cannot feel, experience, and are more plant than animal remains science fiction, biomedicine may now be able to eliminate or significantly reduce the capacity to feel pain and nociception through genetic engineering. With this new technology comes the opportunity to vastly increase the welfare of animals used in biomedical experimentation, yet this possibility has largely been ignored by the scientific and academic community. This work seeks to reveal the moral necessity of creating painless animals for usage in biomedical experimentation for animal welfare ends. Intrinsic objections relating to animal integrity, rights, companionship, the alteration of telos, humility and virtue are considered. The benefit of eliminating nociceptive pain in experimental animals is addressed, and differences are examined between biomedical experimentation and other usage of animals for human ends which makes the proposed creation of painless animals ethically unique. Finally, an argument is presented for the moral necessity of replacing normal animals with painless animals in biomedical experimentation with consideration given to genetically decerebrate animals.</p></p> transforming brute nociception pain genetic engineering manipulation modification modify gene genes bernard rollin animal microencephalic lumps decerebrate aml amls painless painlessness integrity dignity rights companionship telos alteration biomedicine biomedical experiment experimentation agriculture farm suffering distress capacity bioethics ethics applied mice scn9a nav1.7 gene therapy germ line Ethics Etik
6	Transforming the Brute : On the Ethical Acceptability of Creating Painless Animals Mittelstadt, Brent January 2009 (has links) Transforming the Brute addresses the ethical acceptability of creating painless animals for usage in biomedical experimentation. In recent decades the possibility of creating genetically decerebrate animals or AMLs for human ends has been discussed in scientific, academic, and corporate communities. While the ability to create animals that cannot feel, experience, and are more plant than animal remains science fiction, biomedicine may now be able to eliminate or significantly reduce the capacity to feel pain and nociception through genetic engineering. With this new technology comes the opportunity to vastly increase the welfare of animals used in biomedical experimentation, yet this possibility has largely been ignored by the scientific and academic community. This work seeks to reveal the moral necessity of creating painless animals for usage in biomedical experimentation for animal welfare ends. Intrinsic objections relating to animal integrity, rights, companionship, the alteration of telos, humility and virtue are considered. The benefit of eliminating nociceptive pain in experimental animals is addressed, and differences are examined between biomedical experimentation and other usage of animals for human ends which makes the proposed creation of painless animals ethically unique. Finally, an argument is presented for the moral necessity of replacing normal animals with painless animals in biomedical experimentation with consideration given to genetically decerebrate animals. transforming brute nociception pain genetic engineering manipulation modification modify gene genes bernard rollin animal microencephalic lumps decerebrate aml amls painless painlessness integrity dignity rights companionship telos alteration biomedicine biomedical experiment experimentation agriculture farm suffering distress capacity bioethics ethics applied mice scn9a nav1.7 gene therapy germ line Ethics Etik

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