Patient Management Problems is a paper and pencil self-assessment procedure administered by the American College of Surgeons. The participant is presented with a number of problems, each of which describes a patient with an illness or injury. For each problem, the participant must assume the role of surgeon on duty and make decisions as to what he would do next in order to formulate a diagnosis. Each decision is scored in a prescribed manner. Upon completion of the problem, the participant's score reflects his knowledge and clinical competence. Dr. C. B. Mueller (Health Sciences, McMaster University) has defined a requirement to investigate the feasibility of evaluating a surgeon's ability to discriminate between critical and noncritical information available from a patient. This investigation will employ an evaluation process similar to the one used in Patient Management Problems but will be computerized and will be scored in terms of completeness and efficiency. This computerized evaluation tool will be referred to as McMaster Patient Management Problems (MPMP). This project paper will describe the activities surrounding the development of McMaster Patient Management Problems. / Thesis / Master of Science (MS)

Thesis (M.A) (Education)--University of Limpopo,2006 / The democratically elected government of South African produced probably the best constitution in the world. The introduction of the new South African national curriculum, curriculum 2005, in 1997 was accompanied by high expectations for both educational and social transformation. Curriculum 2005is probably the most significant curriculum reform in South African education of the last century. Deliberately intended to simultaneously overturn the legacy of apartheid education. It was an innovation both bold and revolutionary in the magnitude of conception. (Review committee on c2005, 2000:09) Eight years later, however, it is recognized that many of these goals were undermined by a flawed implementation processes. Implementations in schools failed due to a series of factors. This study focused purely on inadequate training and development of principals to manage curriculum change. Managing curriculum change within schools involves the entire staffs who negotiate in conceptual framework that guide curriculum programs. Principals need to understand curriculum development in order to manage curriculum change effort during the complex process of transformation in our country. Principals must inspire confidence and trust among educators for successful curriculum change. If there is no substantive change in the content with direct classroom instruction, what is the purpose of changing the curriculum? Change in society is occurring. The responsibility to address the needs created by change lies at the door of principals who must effectively mange curriculum in schools. The result of this study clearly indicates that intention to manage curriculum effectively could offer significant improvement in the successful implementation of curriculum change efforts. / Not listed

Range land is an important resource in Utah's economy. Of 52.7 million acres of land in Utah about 78 percent is used for production of range livestock (14).1 In 1958, cash receipts of range livestock amounted to 62.7 million dollars, or 38.8 percent of Utah's total agricultural cash receipts (19). Of total land within its boundary, the state owns 2,723,157 acres. or 5.17 percent (32). The state legislature has designated the Utah State Land Board as the responsible agency for administering this land to provide income for various state institutions. The people of the state of Utah are required to pay for the operation of common schools and other public institutions. Many of these tax supported institutions are partly financed by interest from permanent school funds. As the cost of operating these institutions is growing each year, it is in the interest of the state that the permanent school funds yield as much revenue as possible. It is important that management of state land be such that the greatest possible revenue from the resource be forthcoming.

Bakgrund: Bröstcancer är den näst vanligaste cancerformen i världen, minst var tredje person kommer någon gång under sin livstid att drabbas. Att få bröstcancer påverkar inte bara den drabbade utan även de närstående. Personen står inför olika behandlingar som följd av sjukdomen, vilket medför kroppslig och känslomässig påverkan Att som sjuksköterska kunna bemöta och stödja personen är av allra störst vikt för att personen ska kunna återgå till den normala vardagen. Syfte: Att beskriva hanteringen av att leva med bröstcancer utifrån copingstrategier. Metod: En litteraturöversikt har gjorts där tretton kvalitativa artiklar har inkluderats i resultatet. Fribergs trestegsmodell har används för att granska, bearbeta och analysera artiklarna. Resultat: Huvudkategorierna är problemfokuserad coping och emotionell coping. Underkategorierna som bildades var information/kunskap, användning av religiös tro, socialt stöd, aktiviteter, förnekelse/bortträngning och användning av positivt tänkande. Slutsats: Copingstrategier som personerna använde sig av var att söka information på olika sätt. Användning av trosuppfattning var förekommande. Stöd från bland annat närstående och vänner var av betydelse. Får att komma på andra tankar än sjukdomen, höll personerna sig upptagna genom olika aktiviteter. Andra typer av copingstrategier var att distansera sig från miljöer som påminde dem om cancer och att upprätthålla en positiv livssyn genom att ta vara på det som var av betydelse. / Titel: A persons way to manage how to live with breast cancer. Background: Breastcancer is the second most common type of cancer in the world, every third person will be afflicted during their lifetime. To develop cancer does not only affect the afflicted person, but also those who are related.  The person is standing in front of many different treatments as a consequence of the disease, which brings physical and emotional impact. The ability as a nurse to be able to meet and support the person is of the greatest importance so that the person is able to return to the everyday life. Purpose: Describe how to cope when living with breastcancer by using different coping strategies. Method: A literature review has been done where thirten qualitative  articles  have been included in the result. Fribergs threestepmodel has been used to review, process and analyse the articles. Result: The main catergories of coping strategies are problemfocused coping and emotional coping. The subcategories that were formed were; information/knowledge, using religious faith, social support, activities, denial/displacement and the use of positive thinking. Conclusion: People looked up information on how to cope with this disease. The use of different beliefs was a common practice. Support from relatives and friends was important. The ability to think about other things than the disease, kept people busy using different activities. Other types of coping strategies were to distance themselves from environments that reminded them about the cancer and to maintain a positive view on life, by taking care of things that are important.

No description available.

In a review on conflict strategies, Putnam and Poole (1987) conclude that relationship variables such as organisational position and interdependency account for the most variance in the choice of conflict strategies. Despite these findings, however, there is a general lack of attention to relationship outcomes in conflict management by researchers (Knapp, Putnam, and Davis, 1988). This reflects the strong influence of economic theory in conflict studies as well as a Western perspective in which individual outcomes are emphasised above interpersonal relations (Wall & Callister, 1995). To address this problem, in this thesis I chose to assess the effect of Past-Relationship, Other's-Strategy, Hierarchy, and Stake on Chinese manager's behaviour in simulated conflict over welfare issues. The thesis consists of the following seven chapters. Chapter One, Introduction, identifies the need to address relationship considerations in conflict management, and the PRC Chinese were chosen as subjects for this research because of their emphasis on interpersonal relations. Past-Relationship, Other's-Strategy, and Hierarchy were chosen to represent the ongoing interpersonal relationship in the past, present and future; and Stake was used to represent substantive considerations in conflict. These factors were assessed for their effects on people's use of five conflict modes: Dominating (DO), Compromising (CO), Obliging (OB), Integrating (IN), and Avoiding (AV). Although these five conflict modes are based on a model developed in the West, they are applicable to the Chinese as well despite the recent critics by some authors. The limited research on Chinese interpersonal conflict has over-relied on self-report questionnaires and lacks the context and substance of conflict. To avoid these pitfalls, the current research took an experimental approach to solicit subject response to simulated conflict of interests. Chapter Two, Hypotheses and research design. Five sets of hypotheses were developed. Stake, Past-Relationship, and Other's-Strategy were expected to affect the use of conflict modes in their own respective ways; Hierarchy's effects were to be moderated by Stake; and an interaction between Other's-Strategy, Past-Relationship, and Hierarchy was also expected. To test these hypotheses, three sources of data were collected: behaviour in conflict simulation, behaviour rationales, and cases of real-world conflict. The conflict issues in the simulation were limited to the allocation of welfare benefits. The range of options and potential outcomes were made explicit to the subjects. Hierarchy, Past-Relationship, and Stake were operationalised through 12 conflict scenarios, which were then combined with Other's-Strategy, giving rise to a total of 48 experimental conditions. A total of 384 Chinese managers participated in the conflict simulation. Chapter Three, Conflict Mode Simulation (CMS). This chapter introduces the development of the experimental instrument, the CMS. Based on the analysis of Mode Game (Cosier & Ruble, 1981), the CMS was created as an experimental instrument for research of the five conflict modes in general and for the hypothesis testing in this study in particular. It allows participants five conflict modes to deal with conflict scenarios; the payoffs of different combinations of modes were logically derived; the 3-2-2 settlement structure enables the CMS to accommodate complex behaviour patterns; and the combination of unitary rules with multiple conflict scenarios controls confounding effects, and gives CMS the flexibility for different research topics. Chapter Four, Data collection and analysis of the simulation data, discusses hypothesis testing through the conflict simulation. The data fit the theoretical model satisfactorily in general. The five sets of hypotheses were largely supported by the simulation data. 1) As the Stake increased, the use of DO and IN increased and the use of OB decreased. The use of AV peaked on Medium-Stake issues. 2) Hierarchy strongly affected the use of DO and OB on High-Stake issues, but that effect diminished as Stake decreased and no difference between hierarchy groups was found at the Low-Stake level. 3) The Indebted group used more OB and fewer DO than the Wronged group, but the uses of IN and AV were not related to Past-Relationship. 4) Other's-Strategy affect behaviour through reciprocating, suppressing, promoting, and learning effects. 5) The same mode (Compromsing) used by different people under different situation had different results. It was also shown in post hoc analyses that relationship concerns played important roles even when faced with the rivalry of substantive concerns. Moreover, the negative effect of combative behaviour was stronger than the positive effect of good deed. Several other important behavioural patterns were also discussed. Chapter Five, Analysis of the rationales of CMS behaviour. Twenty-six major rationale themes were reported by subjects to account for their behaviour in CMS. The report of competitive vs. conciliatory themes depended mainly on Past-Relationship and Stake. The Indebted group reported more conciliatory themes and fewer competitive themes than the Wronged group; and the High-Stake group reported more competitive themes and fewer conciliatory themes than the Med/Low-Stake group. Hierarchy's effect on subject rationale was weak. It was also discovered that subject sensitivity towards Past-Relationship shifted according to Stake. The four modes of CO, OB, IN, and AV shared the same pool of conciliatory themes, which distinguished them from DO, but there were important differences among them as well. Chapter Six, Analysis of self-reported cases of conflict. Fifty-two cases of real world conflict comparable to the CMS conflict scenarios were collected. Analysis shows that Past-Relationship, Stake, and Other's-Strategy affected behaviour in these conflict cases in ways in-line with their respective hypotheses. Hierarchy, however, did not show reliable effects on subject behaviour. Subject description on different types of competing enables the in-depth analysis of the DO mode. The nonsymmetrical effects of Past-Relationship, Stake, and Other's-Strategy manifested in CMS are also observed in these real conflict cases. Chapter Seven, Discussion and conclusion. After an overview of the results of hypothesis testing in different data sources, the implications of some particular issues are discussed. 1) Although the two-dimension model fitted the CMS data well when a variety of different conflict situations were assessed together, in particular situations a hierarchical model is more accurate. 2) Evidence from different data sources confirms that relationships in the past, present and future all have a role to play in the conflict of interests. 3) In terms of the relative importance of different factors, Past-Relationship and Other's-Strategy are at least as important as Stake, whereas Hierarchy is the least important in the given situation of this study. 4) The weak effect of Hierarchy reflects the constraint by status ethics (Hwang, 1991), the interdependence between superior and subordinates, and the broader power base of the highly educated subordinates. 5) Although avoidance was perceived positively, it was not used much when specific conflict issues were given. 6) The Conflict Mode Simulation (CMS) has proved to be indispensable for many of the findings in this study, and it has great potential as an experimental tool for research of conflict modes in general. Finally the limitations of this study and the direction of future research are discussed.

Abstract This research is selects the questionnaire survey method to carry on the Taiwan area Benz automobile customer to service the quality and the degree of satisfaction research, take purchases consumer of the Benz automobile as the object of study, and Chinese edition carries on analysis the material by SPSS the Windows12.0.This research questionnaire altogether sends out 250, deducts invalid questionnaire 9, the effective questionnaire is 241, the returns-ratio is 96.4%, the analysis content statement is as follows. ¤@¡Bservice quality and degree of satisfaction independent sample examination ¡]¤@¡^In the service quality degree of satisfaction, in the sex distribution, the male and the female to the service quality and the degree of satisfaction asked on the item, i.e. the sex is different, in service quality and degree of satisfaction not remarkable difference ¡]¤G¡^In the service quality and the degree of satisfaction, in the age distribution, 45-55 year old of age level to the service quality and the degree of satisfaction compared to other age building store height, has the remarkable difference in the service quality and the degree of satisfaction ¡]¤T¡^The different housing area customer to in the service quality and the degree of satisfaction, in the different housing area distribution, ¡§north the area¡¨ the customer to the service quality and the degree of satisfaction compared to other region building store height, has the remarkable difference in the service quality and the degree of satisfaction ¡]¥|¡^In the service quality degree of satisfaction, in the education level year distribution, the university degree is higher than to the service quality and the degree of satisfaction other education level, has the remarkable difference in the service quality and the degree of satisfaction ¡]¤­¡^The family each month of income customer to in the service quality and the degree of satisfaction, above the family each month of income distribution 60000 Yuan, the customer to the service quality and the degree of satisfaction compared to other each month of income building store height, has the remarkable difference in the service quality and the degree of satisfaction ¤G¡BService quality and degree of satisfaction analysis result ¡]¤@¡^Before the service quality degree aspect, the customer sorts three topics in the whole service quality is ¡§the Benz car company's service personals is putting on the neat graceful clothing¡¨ M=4.817 is highest, next for ¡§the Benz car company service personnel could the fast processing customer's complaint behavior¡¨ M=4.805, ¡§the Benz car company service personnel not be able in order because of too busy to neglect customer's demand¡¨ M=4.775 and so on. ¡]¤G¡^Before satisfaction aspect, the customer sorts three topics in the overall degree of satisfaction is ¡§the Benz car company has the sophisticated equipment (to include: The instrumentation equipment and so on)¡¨ M=4.508 is highest, next is in order ¡§the Benz car company can provide the customer the best post-sale service.¡¨ M=4.475, ¡§the Benz car company's service personals maintain kindly, the zealous service attitude¡¨ M=4.468 and so on. This findings result; The customer regarding in the Benz servicing of car personnel's specialized knowledge degree of satisfaction unsatisfied, next Benz car company service personnel cannot assist the customer to solve the problem on own initiative, demonstrated the Benz car company still had the improvement space in these aspects. Key word: Specialized, Continues forever to manage, The Manner is zealous

Since its inception, the Mining Industry was reserved for males. Females were allowed to perform the so-called 'soft jobs', but only started working underground in 1996. As a result the Mining Charter was introduced and one of its objectives was to force employment of women in the core function of the Mining Industry. The target of 10% women in mining is only a starting point for organisations to comply with each and every individual’s constitutional right. It is clear from the legislation that changes in the Mining Industry should take place and therefore the Mining Charter was introduced to have clear targets with set time frames for meeting these targets. There are several challenges or barriers that organisations are faced with once they introduce women into a Mining Industry. These barriers typically include: competent, qualified females, physical differences between males and females, the mining environment, standards of Personal Protective Equipment, high turnover of women, specifically professional and middle management women, cultural differences and lastly the cost implications for organisations. Mining Houses are profit-orientated organisations and reserve the right to review the cost implications of employing women in mining and to consider the advantages and disadvantages of doing so. Ultimately it affects the bottom line of the organisation and whether the cost implication is direct or indirect, it is crucial for organisations to manage the changes of introducing women into a Mining Industry. In general the Mining Environment is known to be a harsh environment not only because of the physical strain that is required to complete the tasks under noisy, cold or warm conditions, but also the necessity of employees working shifts and the risks related to working shifts. Other conditions associated with the Mining Environment are, fatigue, design of mining machines and ergonomics. It is clear that physical strain is present in the Mining Industry, although technology has been incorporated to improve olden days mining techniques compared to the mechanised mining techniques of today. The problems that shift workers experience relate to both the phase-displacement of their work-sleep periods and adverse negative working conditions that may be combined with shift work. Work-related fatigue may arise in situations requiring concentration for extended periods during work hours, performing strenuous physical work, working in temperature extremes, working in noisy environments or being exposed to vibration. The mining workplace is a very dynamic work environment. Although machine design and ergonomics in the Mining Industry affects women as well as men, a smaller built person will be more likely to experience problems in enduring these conditions. Infrastructure forms part of the barriers that exist when women are introduced in the Mining Industry as well as ablution facilities and change rooms, housing facilities, work-life balance and personal safety and security. Mines are reluctant to train and place women in artisan and engineering positions, due to the physical nature of this work as well as the female employees’ unwillingness to establish themselves in these careers. Due to cultural differences and different thinking patterns, little or limited support from the male employees will be given to female employees when needed. This implies that not only should the infrastructure be changed due to the introduction of women into the Mining Industry but also change in team structures, interpersonal relationships and the sense of acceptability by fellow male employees and supervisory level. The purpose of this study was to develop a model which an organisation can use to overcome and manage the barriers that were identified when women are introduced in core positions of the Mining Industry. As the problem statement is threefold, the model considers the three primary parties involved in the process of introducing women into the Mining Industry, namely the Organisation, Men and Women. In the model it is illustrated that these three parties function interdependently of each other. The primary concern of each of the parties is: The Organisation – cost implication; Men – paradigm shift; and Women – several barriers identified. The suggested solutions and focus areas for each of the parties are considered and/or implemented. The communication channels between these parties are a vast contributor to the success of this model. This is only the groundwork phase, phase one, of the process. Phase Two of this model is that this snapshot of the threefold system, at any given time, should be monitored and re-evaluated in order for this change intervention to progress. After monitoring and re-evaluation took place a decision can be made with regards to continuing with the system or adapting the system. The role of the Human Resources department in this process will mainly be limited to that of a facilitating and advisory role. To achieve the targets set by the Mining Charter and legislation it is vital for Mining Houses to overcome and manage these barriers that exist when introducing women in the Mining Industry. Therefore applying and implementing the basic principles set out in the model of managing the barriers of introducing women in the Mining Industry is a practical way to ensure that Mining Houses deal effectively with these changes brought forward by legislation. Copyright 2008, University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. Please cite as follows: Heine, A 2008, A model for managing the barriers of introducing women into a mining industry, MCom dissertation, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, viewed yymmdd < http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-02132012-110815 / > C12/4/73/gm / Dissertation (MCom)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Human Resource Management / unrestricted

Nowadays, due to the fact of growing external and internal influences, such as increasing competition, limited resources, globalization and new technology, every company is exposed to a potential threat of the inability to adapt to these pressures or inability to use them adequately for their advantage and benefits. As the only appropriate solution for this situation is offered an active approach to ongoing management of both strategic, but also small (incremental) organizational changes. Examples of these changes include changes in the organizational structure, business process reengineering, the use of new technologies, development of innovative products, etc. These changes are mainly supposed to direct the company towards continuous improvement of business performance and sustainable competitiveness. These activities also reveal a lot of (more or less) problematic areas and procedures and to them is devoted the first part of this work. Then, in the second part, there is described approach and techniques of managing these changes in a large software company over a specified period of time. Confrontation of this real praxis with the theoretical background is output of the final part of the work, including suggestions and recommendations of solutions for the areas of change management, in which the company has still room for improvement.

BIM är en fras som har tagits upp allt frekventare inom byggbranschen senaste åren. Uttrycket har olika innebörd beroende på vem som tillfrågas och dennes kunskap inom området. BIM-verktyg är något som med åren också har ökat på marknaden. Verktygen har olika användningsområden beroende på vilken aktör som ska utnyttja det. I BIM-projekt används såkallade samordningsverktyg för att bland annat kontrollera olika discipliners modeller där valet av programvara är avgörande beroende på funktionalitet och nyttjare.  I detta arbete studerades två programvaror som kan användas vid BIM-samordning. Genom en fallstudie har det undersökts vilket utav programvarorna Autodesk Navisworks Manage 2015 och Solibri Model Checker 9.5 som passar bäst för Grontmij AB i Eskilstuna efter deras behov och förutsättningar. Efter en grundlig studie av båda programvarorna påvisar rapporten att den rekommenderade programvaran specifikt för Grontmij AB i Eskilstuna är Solibri Model Checker 9.5 i enlighet med företagets behov och förutsättningar. / BIM is a phrase that has been raised increasingly frequent in the construction industry in recent years. The term has different meanings depending on who is asked. BIM tools is something that over the years also has increased on the market. The tools have different use depending on the user. Bim projects use so-called coordination tools for including control of various disciplines models where the choice of software is different, depending on functionality and users. This thesis addresses two software programs that can be used in BIM coordination. Through a case study, the author investigated which of the softwares Autodesk Navisworks Manage 2015 and Solibri Model Checker 9.5 is best for Grontmij AB in Eskilstuna to their needs and circumstances.