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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Rastreamento clínico de tumores endócrinos em jovens portadores de mutação MEN1 germinativa: avaliação do impacto clínico em relação aos critérios do consenso internacional de neoplasia endócrina múltipla tipo 1 / Clinical screening of endocrine tumors in children and adolescents harboring germline MEN1 mutation: analysis of clinical impact applying criteria adopted for International Consensus on multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1

Gonçalves, Tatiana Denck 26 June 2013 (has links)
Contexto: A neoplasia endócrina múltipla tipo 1 (NEM1) é uma doença familiar com padrão de herança autossômica dominante, caracterizada por uma susceptibilidade genética aumentada ao desenvolvimento de tumores nas paratireóides (HPT), hipófise (PIT) e células endócrinas do pâncreas e do duodeno (PET). A descoberta do gene MEN1 propiciou a identificação de mutação nos casos- índices e nos familiares sob-risco. O Consenso Internacional de NEM1 (2001) sugeriu a realização periódica de exames hormonais e radiológicos em portadores de mutação germinativa MEN1, visando o diagnóstico precoce de tumores. As idades de início do rastreamento se basearam na descrição do caso mais jovem para cada tipo tumoral. O novo Consenso internacional de NEM1 (2012), mantendo este critério, sugeriu antecipar o início do rastreamento de tumores endócrinos pancreáticos não funcionantes (NF-PET) dos 20 para os 10 anos de idade, baseando-se no relato de dois casos jovens. A penetrância, a prevalência e o fenótipo dos tumores NEM1 em jovens com idade <21 anos ainda não foram satisfatoriamente determinados Objetivo: Avaliar a penetrância, a prevalência e o impacto clínico de tumores diagnosticados na 2ª década de vida em portadores de mutação germinativa MEN1 Casuística: É constituída por 113 portadores de mutação MEN1. Dois subgrupos foram selecionados para avaliar a penetrância e a prevalência na 2ª década: 27, avaliados durante a 2ª década e; 24, com início de sintomas relacionados à NEM1 nesta faixa etária (< 21anos) e diagnóstico após esta idade. Resultados: Considerando os 113 casos com NEM1, a distribuição percentual de casos diagnosticados ou com sintomas relacionados que se iniciaram na 2ª década de vida com HPT, PET, insulinoma, gastrinoma, NF-PET, PIT, prolactinoma e NF-PIT foi respectivamente: 29,5; 10,5; 25; 0; 10; 33,9; 48,5, e; 15,8%. Na segunda década, a penetrância de HPT, PET e PIT foi 66,7%, 42,1 % e 54,5% enquanto que a prevalência destes tumores foi de 76,2% %, 50% e 60%. A metade dos casos deste grupo jovem, com presença de tumores na 2ª década, era sintomática (52.4%; 11/21) sendo que os sintomas relacionados ao prolactinoma eram os mais prevalentes na admissão (81,8%) seguidos dos relacionados ao insulinoma (18,2%) e HPT (9%). Prolactinoma foi o tumor hipofisário mais prevalente (75%) e clinicamente relevante, sendo que 55,6% deles eram macroadenomas (>= 10 mm). PITs não funcionantes (NF-PIT) foram menos frequentes (3/12; 25%) e se apresentaram como microadenomas incipientes. NF-PETs foram frequentes na segunda década (8/16; 50%) e clinicamente relevantes uma vez que 62,5% dos casos tinha indicação cirúrgica. Insulinomas basicamente representaram os PETs funcionantes nesta faixa etária. Apesar da maioria dos casos com HPT serem assintomáticos ao diagnóstico (15/16; 93.8%), um quarto deles (25%) apresentaram nefrolitíase antes dos 20 anos. Conclusões: HPT, prolactinomas, insulinomas e NF-PETs representam os tumores relacionados à NEM1 de maior relevância clínica durante a 2ª década de vida. Nossos dados indicam que um rastreamento clínico/hormonal e radiológico ostensivo deve ser conduzido direcionado ao diagnóstico destes tumores em jovens portadores de mutação germinativa MEN1 / Context: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is an autosomal dominant inherited disorder with high susceptibility to developing endocrine tumors in pituitary (PIT) and parathyroids glands (HPT) and endocrine cells from duodenum and pancreatic islets (PET). Genetic status of index cases and at-risk familial members was possible after MEN1 gene discovery. Genetic screening of MEN1 families has substantially improved the clinical management of MEN1. In order to reach an early diagnosis, the Consensus on MEN1 (2001) established periodic hormonal/radiological exams in MEN1 carriers with beginning to each tumor type based on younger case age reported so far. Recently, non-functioning PETs (NF- PET) were described in two cases in younger ages (2nd decade) than that defined by Consensus (20 y-old or more). Recently, the 2012 clinical practice guideline on MEN1 suggested the anticipation of the screening for NF-PETs from 20 to 10 years of age. However, data on the penetrance of MEN1-related tumors in young MEN1 patients (<21y-old) are scarce. Objective: Estimate the penetrance, prevalence and clinical impact resultant of the early diagnosis of MEN1-related tumors in young MEN1 carriers. Design: Data obtained from a MEN1 screening program (1996- 2012). Setting: Tertiary academic reference center. Patients: 27 young MEN1 cases prospectively followed during the first two decades of life, belonging to an overall casuistic of 113 MEN1 cases harboring MEN1 germline mutations; Methods: Appropriate biochemical and imaging studies. Results: In the present setting, the percentage values of the each one of the MEN1-related tumors recognized during 2nd decade in our 113 MEN1 cases were: HPT (29.5%); PET (10.5%); insulinoma (25%); gastrinoma (0%), non-functioning PET (10%); PIT (33.9%), prolactinoma (48.5%); and NF-PIT (15.8%). In 27 MEN1-mutation positive patients younger than 21y-old, the penetrance and prevalence of HPT, PET and PIT were, respectively, 66.7%, 42.1%, 54.5% and 76.2%, 50%, 60%. Half of young cases were asymptomatic. Symptoms were mostly related with prolactinoma (81.8%), insulinoma (18.2%) and HPT (9%). Prolactinoma was highly prevalent (75%) and most (55.5%) were macroadenoma. NF-PITs (25%) had no clinical relevance. Asymptomatic NF-PETs were frequent (50%) and relevant clinically (62.5%). Considering the functioning PETs, only insulinoma was present in young MEN1 subset. One quarter of all HPT patients exhibited MEN1-related urolithiasis in the second decade. Conclusions: Our MEN1 series documented a high prevalence of clinically relevant HPT, prolactinoma, insulinoma and NF-PETs and its comorbidities during the second decade of life. These data suggest the need for strict surveillance of these tumors in MEN1 mutation carriers during late childhood and adolescence
2

Rastreamento clínico de tumores endócrinos em jovens portadores de mutação MEN1 germinativa: avaliação do impacto clínico em relação aos critérios do consenso internacional de neoplasia endócrina múltipla tipo 1 / Clinical screening of endocrine tumors in children and adolescents harboring germline MEN1 mutation: analysis of clinical impact applying criteria adopted for International Consensus on multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1

Tatiana Denck Gonçalves 26 June 2013 (has links)
Contexto: A neoplasia endócrina múltipla tipo 1 (NEM1) é uma doença familiar com padrão de herança autossômica dominante, caracterizada por uma susceptibilidade genética aumentada ao desenvolvimento de tumores nas paratireóides (HPT), hipófise (PIT) e células endócrinas do pâncreas e do duodeno (PET). A descoberta do gene MEN1 propiciou a identificação de mutação nos casos- índices e nos familiares sob-risco. O Consenso Internacional de NEM1 (2001) sugeriu a realização periódica de exames hormonais e radiológicos em portadores de mutação germinativa MEN1, visando o diagnóstico precoce de tumores. As idades de início do rastreamento se basearam na descrição do caso mais jovem para cada tipo tumoral. O novo Consenso internacional de NEM1 (2012), mantendo este critério, sugeriu antecipar o início do rastreamento de tumores endócrinos pancreáticos não funcionantes (NF-PET) dos 20 para os 10 anos de idade, baseando-se no relato de dois casos jovens. A penetrância, a prevalência e o fenótipo dos tumores NEM1 em jovens com idade <21 anos ainda não foram satisfatoriamente determinados Objetivo: Avaliar a penetrância, a prevalência e o impacto clínico de tumores diagnosticados na 2ª década de vida em portadores de mutação germinativa MEN1 Casuística: É constituída por 113 portadores de mutação MEN1. Dois subgrupos foram selecionados para avaliar a penetrância e a prevalência na 2ª década: 27, avaliados durante a 2ª década e; 24, com início de sintomas relacionados à NEM1 nesta faixa etária (< 21anos) e diagnóstico após esta idade. Resultados: Considerando os 113 casos com NEM1, a distribuição percentual de casos diagnosticados ou com sintomas relacionados que se iniciaram na 2ª década de vida com HPT, PET, insulinoma, gastrinoma, NF-PET, PIT, prolactinoma e NF-PIT foi respectivamente: 29,5; 10,5; 25; 0; 10; 33,9; 48,5, e; 15,8%. Na segunda década, a penetrância de HPT, PET e PIT foi 66,7%, 42,1 % e 54,5% enquanto que a prevalência destes tumores foi de 76,2% %, 50% e 60%. A metade dos casos deste grupo jovem, com presença de tumores na 2ª década, era sintomática (52.4%; 11/21) sendo que os sintomas relacionados ao prolactinoma eram os mais prevalentes na admissão (81,8%) seguidos dos relacionados ao insulinoma (18,2%) e HPT (9%). Prolactinoma foi o tumor hipofisário mais prevalente (75%) e clinicamente relevante, sendo que 55,6% deles eram macroadenomas (>= 10 mm). PITs não funcionantes (NF-PIT) foram menos frequentes (3/12; 25%) e se apresentaram como microadenomas incipientes. NF-PETs foram frequentes na segunda década (8/16; 50%) e clinicamente relevantes uma vez que 62,5% dos casos tinha indicação cirúrgica. Insulinomas basicamente representaram os PETs funcionantes nesta faixa etária. Apesar da maioria dos casos com HPT serem assintomáticos ao diagnóstico (15/16; 93.8%), um quarto deles (25%) apresentaram nefrolitíase antes dos 20 anos. Conclusões: HPT, prolactinomas, insulinomas e NF-PETs representam os tumores relacionados à NEM1 de maior relevância clínica durante a 2ª década de vida. Nossos dados indicam que um rastreamento clínico/hormonal e radiológico ostensivo deve ser conduzido direcionado ao diagnóstico destes tumores em jovens portadores de mutação germinativa MEN1 / Context: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is an autosomal dominant inherited disorder with high susceptibility to developing endocrine tumors in pituitary (PIT) and parathyroids glands (HPT) and endocrine cells from duodenum and pancreatic islets (PET). Genetic status of index cases and at-risk familial members was possible after MEN1 gene discovery. Genetic screening of MEN1 families has substantially improved the clinical management of MEN1. In order to reach an early diagnosis, the Consensus on MEN1 (2001) established periodic hormonal/radiological exams in MEN1 carriers with beginning to each tumor type based on younger case age reported so far. Recently, non-functioning PETs (NF- PET) were described in two cases in younger ages (2nd decade) than that defined by Consensus (20 y-old or more). Recently, the 2012 clinical practice guideline on MEN1 suggested the anticipation of the screening for NF-PETs from 20 to 10 years of age. However, data on the penetrance of MEN1-related tumors in young MEN1 patients (<21y-old) are scarce. Objective: Estimate the penetrance, prevalence and clinical impact resultant of the early diagnosis of MEN1-related tumors in young MEN1 carriers. Design: Data obtained from a MEN1 screening program (1996- 2012). Setting: Tertiary academic reference center. Patients: 27 young MEN1 cases prospectively followed during the first two decades of life, belonging to an overall casuistic of 113 MEN1 cases harboring MEN1 germline mutations; Methods: Appropriate biochemical and imaging studies. Results: In the present setting, the percentage values of the each one of the MEN1-related tumors recognized during 2nd decade in our 113 MEN1 cases were: HPT (29.5%); PET (10.5%); insulinoma (25%); gastrinoma (0%), non-functioning PET (10%); PIT (33.9%), prolactinoma (48.5%); and NF-PIT (15.8%). In 27 MEN1-mutation positive patients younger than 21y-old, the penetrance and prevalence of HPT, PET and PIT were, respectively, 66.7%, 42.1%, 54.5% and 76.2%, 50%, 60%. Half of young cases were asymptomatic. Symptoms were mostly related with prolactinoma (81.8%), insulinoma (18.2%) and HPT (9%). Prolactinoma was highly prevalent (75%) and most (55.5%) were macroadenoma. NF-PITs (25%) had no clinical relevance. Asymptomatic NF-PETs were frequent (50%) and relevant clinically (62.5%). Considering the functioning PETs, only insulinoma was present in young MEN1 subset. One quarter of all HPT patients exhibited MEN1-related urolithiasis in the second decade. Conclusions: Our MEN1 series documented a high prevalence of clinically relevant HPT, prolactinoma, insulinoma and NF-PETs and its comorbidities during the second decade of life. These data suggest the need for strict surveillance of these tumors in MEN1 mutation carriers during late childhood and adolescence
3

Étude des fonctions biologiques et oncosuppressives du gène MEN1 dans le cancer de la prostate et du sein, et son implication dans la régulation de l'expression des récepteurs nucléaires / Study of the biological and oncosuppressive function of the MEN1 gene in prostate and breast cancer, and its involvment in the regulation of nuclear receptor expression

Teinturier, Romain 30 May 2017 (has links)
Les mutations du gène suppresseur de tumeur MEN1 sont connues depuis de nombreuses années, pour être à l'origine du syndrome des Néoplasies endocriniennes multiples de type 1 (Syndrome des NEM1). Ce syndrome constitue une maladie héréditaire associée à une perte d'hétérozygotie progressive du gène MEN1, affectant principalement les organes endocrines. Plus récemment, l'implication du gène MEN1 a émergé dans la tumorigénèse d'autres organes, et plus particulièrement dans dans le cancer du sein et le cancer de la prostate, où son rôle reste encore très controversé. Pour mieux déterminer le rôle joué par menin dans les cellules prostatiques (oncogène ou gène suppresseur), mon projet de thèse avait donc pour but de caractériser un nouveau modèle murin d'invalidation du gène Men1 spécifiquement dans les cellules luminales de la glande prostatique, le modèle Men1F/F Nkx3.1CreERT2+/-. Les examens anatomopathologiques réalisés sur ce nouveau modèle murin ont montré que la perte d'expression du gène Men1 conduisait à une accélération de la tumorigénèse dans la glande prostatique par rapport aux souris contrôles. D'autre part les analyses moléculaires issues de l'étude de notre nouveau modèle murin, ont montré que l'expression du récepteur aux androgènes (RA) était diminué dans les cellules déficientes pour le gène Men1 . Des analyses menées in vitro ont montré que la protéine menin, codée par le gène MEN1, joue le rôle de régulateur transcriptionnel du RA. De la même manière, mes travaux ont mis en évidence, que la protéine menin semble réguler l'expression du récepteur aux estrogènes alpha (RE?), en liant la région promotrice de ce dernier dans des lignées cellulaires du cancer du sein. De plus, les analyses cliniques ont révélé que l'expression réduite de menin corrélée avec la survenue du sous type luminal B du cancer du sein, connue pour exprimer faiblement le RE??Ainsi mes travaux de thèse ont permis de conforter notre hypothèse sur le rôle oncosuppressif du gène MEN1 dans le glande prostatique. D'autre part, nous avons mis en évidence l'implication de la protéine menin dans la régulation de l'expression des récepteurs nucléaires, dans le cancer du sein et de la prostate / For a long time, mutations of the MEN1 gene have been known to be responsible of the Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 1 (MEN1 syndrome), a hereditary disease affecting mainly endocrine organs. Recent advances highlighted the involvement of the MEN1 gene in the development of the breast cancer and prostate cancer. Nevertheless, the role played by the MEN1 gene in prostate cancer still remains unclear, described as on oncogene by some studies, or as a tumor suppressor by others. To further adress this issue, we generated a novel and inductible mouse model, Men1F/F-Nkx3.1Cre-/+, in which the Men1 gene can be specifically disrupted in luminal prostatic cells upon tamoxifen injection. Anatomopathologic examination of our model showed that the Men1 gene disruption accelerate the tumorigenesis in the prostatic gland compared to the control mice. Moreover, molecular analyses showed that the expression of androgen receptor (AR) decreased in Men1-deficient cells. In vitro study perfomed in prostate cancer cell lines showed that menin protein encoded by the Men1 gene is involved in the transcriptionnal regulation of AR.Similarly, my work showed that menin protein also involved in the transcriptionnal regulation of the estrogen receptor alpha (ER?) expression, through its binding on the promoter of the ER??gene. Moreover, clinical study revealed that decrease in menin expression correlates with the occurrence of luminal B subtype of breast cancer, in which ER??expression is reduced. Thus this thesis work, allowed to better characterized the oncosuppressive role of the Men1 gene in the prostatic gland. This work, also highlighted for the first time the involvement of menin protein in the regulation of nuclear receptor expression, in prostate and breast cancer

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