Denna utredning har gjorts för att genomlysa en teknik som går under namnet JavaTM 2 Micro Edition (J2METM). Vårt mål var att grundligt belysa tekniken och tanken bakom J2ME samt att visa på för- respektive nackdelar med tekniken avseende prestanda och säkerhet. Ett annat mål med utredningen var att visa på praktisk användbarhet av Java i mobiltelefoner och konsekvenser på den mobila infrastrukturen. J2ME är en plattform skapad för att tillmötesgå behoven från den snabbt växande marknaden av produkter som försetts med processorkraft. Dessa datoriserade enheter är mindre än traditionella bordsdatorer och har därmed en annan typ av fysiska begränsningar i form av t.ex. minne, processorkraft, bildskärm mm. Syftet med denna plattform är att skapa en optimerad Java-miljö som lämpar sig för dessa mindre enheter. Med Java-teknologi i de mobila enheterna kan användare i större utsträckning än tidigare påverka vilka ändamål enheten ska användas för. Detta genom att ladda ner applikationer och köra dem offline eller online på den mobila enheten. Eftersom Java är ett plattformsoberoende programspråk är tanken att en applikation ska kunna köras på många olika enheter som implementerat J2ME. Mobiltelefoner med J2ME är på väg att lanseras på den svenska marknaden. Utredningen beskriver en trolig utveckling av tjänster och applikationer och vem som kommer att erbjuda dessa tjänster och applikationer för användare. Spel förväntas dominera marknaden av MIDlets till en början men vi anser att olika former av anpassade informationstjänster är det som kommer att efterfrågas av stora kundgrupper när tekniken mognat. Utredningen visar även på en del brister när det gäller portabilitet och säkerhet. Vi har kommit fram till att J2ME och profilen MIDP är tekniker som kommer att spela en stor roll i ett framtida mobilt Internet. Vi är därför övertygade om att allt fler mobila terminaler i framtiden kommer att innehålla Java-teknologi / This thesis describes and investigates a technique called JavaTM 2 Micro Edition. Our goal was to show the idea behind J2ME and the negative and positive sides that the technique brings in respect of performance and security. Another goal with the thesis was to investigate the practical usefulness of Java in mobile devices and the consequences that the technique will bring to the mobile infrastructure. J2ME is a platform created for the demands of the fast growing market of embedded devices. This type of devices are smaller than traditional desktop computers which means that they have more physical restrictions in the form of available memory, processing capacity, limited displays and so on. The purpose of the platform is to create an optimised Java-environment for this type of devices. Java-technology in mobile devices means that users, more than before, can influence what the device will be used for. This by downloading applications and run them offline or online on the mobile device. Java is not dependent of the platform that it runs on and the idea is therefore that applications shall be able to run on many different devices as long as they have implemented J2ME. Mobile phones with J2ME technology will soon be available on the Swedish market. This thesis describes possible future applications and the possible suppliers of these applications. Games are expected to dominate the market of MIDlets in the beginning, but we think that different kinds of information services will be the winner in the future. This thesis also shows some shortcomings in the form of portability and security. We have found that J2ME and the profile MIDP are techniques that will play an important role in the development of the mobile Internet. We are convinced that more and more mobile devices will be implemented with Java technology in the future.

Master’s thesis deals with developing of multimedia application that allow play and receive multimedia files as audio and video. In thesis introduction, there is theory overview about programming language J2ME, its parts and divisions in couple of chapters. The applications developing begin by choosing focus groups and also group of devices that agree with present trends about mobile devices. The next part undertakes selecting development tool NetBeans IDE based on requirements for multimedia develop and also undertakes selecting software development kit Nokia SDK and its short definition. Afterwards, the application and its basic classes and methods are briefly characterized. The chapters of classes and methods are divided according algorithm level, following development description dividing aspect. Program functions are enriched with flow diagrams completing written text, which have marked important points of program. The main chapters describing algorithm parts begin with define audio and video play. The other pages include description of network connection a data transfers. In every part the programmer part, algorithm is analyzed first and than general options and functionality of this area. In file play part, it is selection of file and proceeding to launch playing with function control possibility. In case of network connection, it is access to network and data handling, eventually communication with each other in client - server hierarchy and consequential multimedia content playing. In the end of development part, reader is cognizant of application fault handling that is inherently part of every application working with I/O data. Next chapter is devoted to future development a design resulting to present process. In the thesis it can be found also application description from user’s point of view, user manual a solving incurred problem situations. In the instructions, there are contained screenshots of described parts of program. Reached results and reviews are summarized on the end of the thesis.

Baigiamajame magistro darbe “Interaktyvus transporto numerio atpažinimas” nagrinėjami bei pritaikomi stebėjimo zonos išskyrimo, fono eliminavimo, Gauso, Sobel metodai ir algoritmai. Taip pat atliekama metodų bei filtrų analizė. Tyrimo eigoje buvo sukurta programa skirta duomenų įvedimui į kompiuterį iš vaizdo kameros, vaizdo failo arba interneto. Atlikti eismo filtravimo eksperimentai, vartotojų patogumui įgyvendintas įrankis skirtas gauti ir pateikti apdorojimo rezultatus į mobilujį telefoną. / This work presents an approach to license plate localization and recognition. A proposed method is designed to perform recognition of any kind of license plates under any environmental conditions. The main assumption of this method is the ability to recognize all kinds of license plates which can be found in an individual picture. The algorithm takes a raster image as an input, and yields the position of a plate in the image. After the position is determined, the algorithm can determine the locations of characters on the license plate, which could be easily combined with an OCR algorithm to convert the license plate number into an ASCII string. User could view collected license plate localizations results with mobile phone, which has JAVA (MIDP 1.0) support and internet access. Future work could focus on determining the positions of characters more precisely. Determining the correct positions of all characters in a license plate would dramatically improve the results of the license plate recognition.

Today, Peer-to-peer (P2P) computing and Web Services play an important role in networking and computing. P2P computing, that aims addressing all the resources in a network and sharing them, is an old paradigm that gains importance nowadays with the advent of popular file sharing and instant messaging applications. On the other hand, a Web service is a software system that has an interface allowing applications to interact with other applications through Internet or intranet. Providing methods for publishing and discovering Web services from which mobile devices can facilitate in a P2P environment enables exploitation of P2P and Web service technologies efficiently by mobile devices. This also extends the range of devices that facilitate P2P and Web services technologies from servers and desktop computers to personal digital assistants (PDAs) and mobile phones. In this thesis, an architecture that enables publishing and discovering Web services for mobile clients that are inter-connected in a P2P environment is introduced. Key issues in this architecture are allowing mobile devices to join in a P2P network group, publishing Web services and discovering these services in P2P network. Invoking Web services that are published and discovered is another key issue in this architecture. The architecture introduced exploits P2P and Web services standards using various tools for mobile devices. For the purpose of organizing a P2P environment, JXTA protocols and services are used. WSDL is used for describing Web services. JXTA advertisements help in publication and discovery of Web services / and BPEL enables composition, deployment and execution of Web services. The architecture introduced within the scope of this thesis combines all these standards with tools that enable use of these standards on mobile devices. The work done in this thesis is realized as a part of Artemis, a project funded by European Commission for providing interoperability of medical information systems.

In the early 1990s the South African automotive sector was regarded as ineffective, uncompetitive and dependent on heavy tariff protection for survival. The government’s policy support through the Motor Industry Development Programme lowered tariffs and provided strong support for exports, while the production incentives of the Automotive Production Development Programme reinforced the vision that the long-term development of the sector will best be served through considerable increases in production volumes and accelerated growth. The population consisted of the seven OEMs and the 110 First Tier Suppliers. The results indicate a difference in government support between the vulnerable and non-vulnerable suppliers. The government has shown its commitment to the future of the automotive industry by policy interventions such as the Motor Industry Development Programme and the Automotive Production Development Programme. The question arises as to what extent the government’s guarantees are keeping the domestic automotive manufacturing industry sustainable? The objective of this research was to investigate the relationship between government support and the sustainability of the South African automotive industry. The conclusion of the study is that the South African automotive industry and its suppliers would not be able to survive without continued government support. / Business Management / M. Com. (Business Management)

The Motor Industry Development Programme (MIDP) was implemented on 1 September 1995 in the context of the country's political and economic liberalisation and the major structural shift in government policy and the trade regime. In an intensely competitive global environment, the strategies of a few dominant motor vehicle manufacturers, mainly operating from the Triad regions of North America, Europe and Japan, impact significantly on the developments of the global automotive industry. Over the past decade the small, highly protected and inwardly focused South African automotive industry has become fully integrated in the global strategies of foreign parent companies. As South Africa's leading manufacturing sector, the automotive sector is contributing significantly to the country's economy in terms of exports, investment, employment and the gross domestic product. The objective of the study was to establish and measure the relevance and value of the MIDP as a promotional tool in the global automotive environment by capturing the responses and perceptions of direct automotive industry exporters and stakeholders for * the South African automotive industry in general, and * the companies forming part of the empirical survey. To satisfy the objectives of the study, the research methodology incorporated an extensive primary and secondary research phase (qualitative and quantitative). A structured empirical survey was used to collect the primary data. The survey data were captured and processed by the Bureau for Market Research (BMR), Unisa. The main findings of the study are that: * The promotional relevance and value of the MIDP as a promotional tool is embedded in the programme's ability to trigger interest in the South African automotive industry, to generate business and to attract investments. * The MIDP is successful in contributing to the automotive sector's international competitiveness and is therefore a very important promotional tool for convincing foreign parent companies to consider South Africa as an investment destination. * The South African automotive industry would not be able to cope with global competition without the MIDP. * Different factors impact on the business operations of the South African automotive industry in general and the specific company in particular and the factors are viewed differently by the selected groups based on their demographic details. The process of trade liberalisation is forcing many South African companies to encounter both intensified competition and new forms of competition. The South African government's target of a 6 percent economic growth rate by 2010 will largely depend on the ongoing successes achieved in priority sectors such as the domestic automotive sector. / Business Management / M. Comm. (Business Management)

Role-players in the South African automotive industry have responded positively to the Motor Industry Development Programme (MIDP) policy regime. Since 1995, South African light motor vehicle manufacturers (original equipment manufacturers – OEMs) have become fully integrated into the global networks of their foreign parent companies. As South Africa‟s leading manufacturing sector, the increasing importance of the automotive sector is reflected in its exports, investments and contribution to the country‟s gross domestic product. The objective of this study was to analyse the impact of the MIDP on the export strategies of the South African light motor vehicle manufacturers (1995–2008). The main findings of the research are that, since 1995, the MIDP has been the primary factor impacting on the export strategies of South African OEMs. Without the programme, the industry would not have been able to cope with global competition. It is important to note that without the MIDP there would have been no significant growth in exports from South Africa. The research found that the country‟s trade arrangements with the EU and the USA have enhanced the impact of the MIDP. It was also found that, given South Africa‟s distance to foreign markets, the most important constraint when accessing these markets is the cost of logistics. In addition, the most important determinant of foreign-market pricing when setting the export price, aligned with the influence of the OEM parent companies, is costs relating to manufacturing, transportation and marketing. The role played by the MIDP in sourcing decisions is the most important factor that has contributed to an increase in light vehicle exports. Furthermore, the perceived level of influence when determining new export destinations would seem to be higher for the US-based and the Japanese-based OEMs than the European-based OEMs. The new Automotive Production Development Programme (APDP) (to be introduced in 2013), which aims to double vehicle production to 1,2 million units by 2020, will reflect a quantum leap in terms of processes, technologies and the scale on which the domestic industry currently operates. In order for the South African automotive industry to achieve both its and government‟s objectives it will require priority attention. / Business Management / D. Comm. (Business Management))

The Motor Industry Development Programme (MIDP) was implemented on 1 September 1995 in the context of the country's political and economic liberalisation and the major structural shift in government policy and the trade regime. In an intensely competitive global environment, the strategies of a few dominant motor vehicle manufacturers, mainly operating from the Triad regions of North America, Europe and Japan, impact significantly on the developments of the global automotive industry. Over the past decade the small, highly protected and inwardly focused South African automotive industry has become fully integrated in the global strategies of foreign parent companies. As South Africa's leading manufacturing sector, the automotive sector is contributing significantly to the country's economy in terms of exports, investment, employment and the gross domestic product. The objective of the study was to establish and measure the relevance and value of the MIDP as a promotional tool in the global automotive environment by capturing the responses and perceptions of direct automotive industry exporters and stakeholders for * the South African automotive industry in general, and * the companies forming part of the empirical survey. To satisfy the objectives of the study, the research methodology incorporated an extensive primary and secondary research phase (qualitative and quantitative). A structured empirical survey was used to collect the primary data. The survey data were captured and processed by the Bureau for Market Research (BMR), Unisa. The main findings of the study are that: * The promotional relevance and value of the MIDP as a promotional tool is embedded in the programme's ability to trigger interest in the South African automotive industry, to generate business and to attract investments. * The MIDP is successful in contributing to the automotive sector's international competitiveness and is therefore a very important promotional tool for convincing foreign parent companies to consider South Africa as an investment destination. * The South African automotive industry would not be able to cope with global competition without the MIDP. * Different factors impact on the business operations of the South African automotive industry in general and the specific company in particular and the factors are viewed differently by the selected groups based on their demographic details. The process of trade liberalisation is forcing many South African companies to encounter both intensified competition and new forms of competition. The South African government's target of a 6 percent economic growth rate by 2010 will largely depend on the ongoing successes achieved in priority sectors such as the domestic automotive sector. / Business Management / M. Comm. (Business Management)

Role-players in the South African automotive industry have responded positively to the Motor Industry Development Programme (MIDP) policy regime. Since 1995, South African light motor vehicle manufacturers (original equipment manufacturers – OEMs) have become fully integrated into the global networks of their foreign parent companies. As South Africa‟s leading manufacturing sector, the increasing importance of the automotive sector is reflected in its exports, investments and contribution to the country‟s gross domestic product. The objective of this study was to analyse the impact of the MIDP on the export strategies of the South African light motor vehicle manufacturers (1995–2008). The main findings of the research are that, since 1995, the MIDP has been the primary factor impacting on the export strategies of South African OEMs. Without the programme, the industry would not have been able to cope with global competition. It is important to note that without the MIDP there would have been no significant growth in exports from South Africa. The research found that the country‟s trade arrangements with the EU and the USA have enhanced the impact of the MIDP. It was also found that, given South Africa‟s distance to foreign markets, the most important constraint when accessing these markets is the cost of logistics. In addition, the most important determinant of foreign-market pricing when setting the export price, aligned with the influence of the OEM parent companies, is costs relating to manufacturing, transportation and marketing. The role played by the MIDP in sourcing decisions is the most important factor that has contributed to an increase in light vehicle exports. Furthermore, the perceived level of influence when determining new export destinations would seem to be higher for the US-based and the Japanese-based OEMs than the European-based OEMs. The new Automotive Production Development Programme (APDP) (to be introduced in 2013), which aims to double vehicle production to 1,2 million units by 2020, will reflect a quantum leap in terms of processes, technologies and the scale on which the domestic industry currently operates. In order for the South African automotive industry to achieve both its and government‟s objectives it will require priority attention. / Business Management / D. Comm. (Business Management))

The aim of this diploma thesis is to study the potential of Java ME platform for receiving and sending of SMS and to utilize obtained information subsequently in implementation of an application for this platform. The first part of the diploma thesis aims at explaining general terms of the Java language and its basic features. The next part deals with specific properties of the Java ME platform and properties of devices that support this platform. A design of the Java ME application based on theoretical knowledge is created then. This application has to be able to receive, process, store and send SMS and communicate with the server application based on the Java SE platform. The created Java ME application serves as an automated SMS voting server, which can be used in mobile devices that support the Java ME platform and can be remote-controlled via Internet from the Java SE platform application. The final chapter presents the results and conclusions of testing of the created application on real mobile devices.