Title: Optimization Problems under (max, min)-Linear Constraints and Some Related Topics. Author: Mahmoud Gad Department/Institue: Department of Probability and Mathematical Statis- tics Supervisor of the doctoral thesis: 1. Prof. RNDr. Karel Zimmermann,DrSc 2. Prof. Dr. Assem Tharwat, Cairo University, Egypt Abstract: Problems on algebraic structures, in which pairs of operations such as (max, +) or (max, min) replace addition and multiplication of the classical linear algebra have appeared in the literature approximately since the sixties of the last century. The first publications on these algebraic structures ap- peared by Shimbel [37] who applied these ideas to communication networks, Cunninghame-Green [12, 13], Vorobjov [40] and Gidffer [18] applied these alge- braic structures to problems of machine-time scheduling. A systematic theory of such algebraic structures was published probable for the first time in [14]. In recently appeared book [4] the readers can find latest results concerning theory and algorithms for (max, +)-linear systems of equations and inequalities. Since operation max replacing addition in no more a group, but a semigroup oppera- tion, it is a substantial difference between solving systems with variables on one side and systems with variables occuring on both sides of the equations....

The aim of this study is to investigate the sociolinguistic hierarchy between Mandarin Chinese and Southern Min Chinese in Taiwan, or the linguistic hegemony of Mandarin Chinese in Taiwan. Of particular interest is the relationship between the language of the majority and the new Taiwanese identity forged presumably by democratization. Taiwan is an island that has been occupied by a variety of ethnic groups, causing it to be linguistically diverse. Japanese colonization of Taiwan was put to an end in the wake the two atomic bombs dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan. Mandarin Chinese became the official language of Taiwan in 1945. Nevertheless, the primary Chinese language spoken by ethnic Chinese was not Mandarin Chinese but Southern Min Chinese, also known as Taiwanese. Consequently, oppression of Southern Min Chinese and its speakers became inevitable. Sociolinguistic norms seemingly began to spawn rapidly, turning Mandarin Chinese into the mainstream language associated with the educated, intellectual, and upper class, while stigmatizing Southern Min as low class, uneducated and vulgar. As with obliteration of the oppressions on the institutional level, the transformation of such norms does not seem to stop in social contexts. It instead carries on in a more subtle way. Moreover, under the rule of Kuomingtang (KMT), democratization came unprecedentedly into the history of Taiwan. A new Taiwanese identity thus is assumed to be associated with democratization and is fundamentally different from Taiwanese identities constructed in the past. However, such a superordinate identity is deeply problematic due to its Chinese centric nature that is likely to impose ideologies and values onto other ethnic groups in Taiwan causing social inequality. Therefore, identifying ideologies and values imposed onto the Taiwanese identity by the majority, Benshengren (本省人), is crucial in addressing social issues. Accordingly this research also goes on investigating what it means to be Taiwanese to the Taiwanese majority, Benshengren (本省人).

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-02-22T23:50:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 AndreAugustoNobregaDantas_DISSERT.pdf: 2471770 bytes, checksum: 3f4777f912d3ae957e3004f2f09714c8 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-02-26T21:24:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 AndreAugustoNobregaDantas_DISSERT.pdf: 2471770 bytes, checksum: 3f4777f912d3ae957e3004f2f09714c8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-26T21:24:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AndreAugustoNobregaDantas_DISSERT.pdf: 2471770 bytes, checksum: 3f4777f912d3ae957e3004f2f09714c8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-25 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / A minera??o no Brasil possui papel fundamental no desenvolvimento econ?mico e social, contribuindo diretamente na melhoria de vida da popula??o. Entretanto, a atividade mineradora ainda que seja feita de forma respons?vel e com um estudo adequado de gest?o de res?duos para diminuir o impacto dos seus efeitos, pode vir a causar danos nocivos ao meio ambiente. Outras formas de polui??o tamb?m s?o geradas devido ? atividade mineradora. A polui??o visual, provocada, pelo armazenamento dos res?duos a c?u aberto, al?m da polui??o sonora, provocada pelo barulho excessivo das m?quinas tanto na extra??o do min?rio, como no beneficiamento. Uma forma alternativa de diminuir os impactos ambientais provocados pela minera??o ? a utiliza??o dos res?duos nas camadas que ir?o compor os pavimentos das rodovias. Ent?o, este trabalho se prop?e a dar uma destina??o adequada aos res?duos oriundos do beneficiamento do min?rio de ferro, decorrentes da atividade mineradora do grupo de minera??o Mhag Servi?os e Minera??o S/A e Minera??o, na mina do Bonito, localizada no munic?pio de Jucurutu, no estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Os res?duos do min?rio de ferro foram estabilizados com um solo granular proveniente do munic?pio de Maca?ba, tamb?m no estado do Rio Grande do Norte, o qual est? sendo utilizado da duplica??o da BR- 304 referente ao trecho intitulado de Reta Tabajara. O presente trabalho foi desenvolvido em tr?s etapas, sendo a primeira dividida pelos ensaios qu?micos e mineral?gicos, pelos ensaios de caracteriza??o f?sica e pelos ensaios de pavimenta??o para os res?duos do min?rio de ferro. A segunda etapa corresponde aos mesmos ensaios, sendo realizado para o solo granular. A terceira etapa contempla os ensaios citados para tr?s diferentes misturas de res?duos de min?rio de ferro e solo granular, sendo elas: 15% de res?duos de min?rio de ferro e 85% de solo granular, 25% de res?duos de min?rio de ferro e 75% de solo granular, 50% de res?duos de min?rio de ferro e 50% de solo granular. Foi verificada a viabilidade t?cnica da utiliza??o dos res?duos oriundos do beneficiamento do min?rio de ferro, compactado na energia intermedi?ria e modificada, para utiliza??o em camadas de base, sub-base, refor?o de subleito e subleito. A incorpora??o dos res?duos oriundos do beneficiamento do min?rio de ferro em rodovias proporcionar? uma alternativa ao uso de agregados convencionalmente utilizados na pavimenta??o, al?m de preservar o meio ambiente. / Mining in Brazil has a key role in economic and social development, contributing directly to improve the lives of the population. However, the mining activity even if done responsibly and with a proper study of waste management to reduce the impact of its effects, may cause harmful damage to the environment. Other forms of pollution are also caused due to mining activity. The visual pollution caused by the waste storage at open sky, in addition to the noise pollution caused by the excessive noise of the machines both in the extraction of ore, as in processing. An alternative way to lessen the environmental impacts caused by mining is the use of waste in layers that will compose the pavements along the highways. Thus, this work sets out to give a proper disposal of the wastes from the processing of iron ore, resulting from the mining activity of the group of mining Mhag Services and Mining S/A, in the mine of Bonito, located in Jucurutu, a town in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. The residues of the iron ore were stabilized with a granular soil from the city of Macaiba, also in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, which is being used in the duplication of the BR-304 referring to the entitled passage of Reta Tabajara. The present work was developed in three stages, being the first one divided by the chemical and mineralogical tests, by the tests of physical characterization and by the tests of paving for the residues of the iron ore. The second stage corresponds to the same tests being performed for granular soil. The third stage includes the essays abovementioned for three different mixtures of iron ore waste and granular soil, being they: 15% of iron-ore waste and 85% of granular soil, 25% of iron-ore waste and 75% of granular soil, 50% of iron-ore waste and 50% of granular soil. The technical feasibility of using waste from the iron ore beneficiation was checked, compressed in the intermediate energy and modified for use in base layers, sub-base, reinforcement subgrade and subgrade. The incorporation of the residues originating from the improvement of the iron ore in highways will provide an alternative to the use of aggregate conventionally used in the paving, besides preserving the environment.

abstract: Contention based IEEE 802.11MAC uses the binary exponential backoff algorithm (BEB) for the contention resolution. The protocol suffers poor performance in the heavily loaded networks and MANETs, high collision rate and packet drops, probabilistic delay guarantees, and unfairness. Many backoff strategies were proposed to improve the performance of IEEE 802.11 but all ignore the network topology and demand. Persistence is defined as the fraction of time a node is allowed to transmit, when this allowance should take into account topology and load, it is topology and load aware persistence (TLA). We develop a relation between contention window size and the TLA-persistence. We implement a new backoff strategy where the TLA-persistence is defined as the lexicographic max-min channel allocation. We use a centralized algorithm to calculate each node's TLApersistence and then convert it into a contention window size. The new backoff strategy is evaluated in simulation, comparing with that of the IEEE 802.11 using BEB. In most of the static scenarios like exposed terminal, flow in the middle, star topology, and heavy loaded multi-hop networks and in MANETs, through the simulation study, we show that the new backoff strategy achieves higher overall average throughput as compared to that of the IEEE 802.11 using BEB. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.S. Computer Science 2013

In many fields, there is a need for quick analysis of data. As the number of devices connected to the Internet grows, so does the amounts of data generated. The traditional way of analyzing large amounts of data has been by using batch processing, where the already collected data is pro-cessed. This process is time consuming, resulting in another trend emerg-ing: stream processing. Stream processing is when data is processed and stored as it arrives. Because of the velocity, volume and variations in data. Stream processing is best carried out in the main memory, and means processing and storing data as it arrives, which makes it a big challenge. This thesis focuses on developing a framework for the processing and storing of streaming temporal data enabling the data to be analyzed in real time. For this purpose, a server application was created consisting of approximate in-memory data synopsizes, called sketches, to process and store the input data. Furthermore, a client web application was created to query and analyze the data. The results show that the framework can sup-port simple aggregate queries with constant query time regardless to the volume of data. Also, it can process data 6.8 times faster than a traditional database system. All this implies that the system is scalable, at the same time it with a query error vs. memory trade-off. For a distribution of ~3000000 unique items it was concluded that the framework can provide very accurate answers, with an error rate less than 1.1%, for the trendiest data using about 100 times less space than the actual size of the data set.

The diploma thesis titled "Political developments in Vietnam from 1954 to the present" focuses on the political development of Vietnam after the war in Indochina until present days. It describes what led Ho Chi Minh to adopt communism, after what and by whom he was inspired and why communism has nowadays still a strong position in Vietnam. The main attention is devoted to the reforms of Doi Moi, that have lifted the country's economy. It outlines the positive and negative aspects following the introduction of these reforms.

Humans naturally select a point at which to transition from walking to running when gradually increasing locomotor speed. This point is known as the walk-to-run transition (WRT). The WRT is traditionally expressed in terms of speed and is known to occur within a close range of 2.1 m/s, which is an accepted heuristic (i.e., empirically based, rounded) threshold value. Very little research exists defining the WRT in terms of cadence (steps/min) despite the fact that spatial temporal aspects of gait underlying the WRT include this parameter. Preliminary evidence suggests that the WRT may be associated with a cadence of 140 steps/min in adults. This overlooked approach to identifying the WRT may be better than speed because of the simplicity and accessibility of recording cadence in both lab- and free-living settings. Wearable technologies can be used to determine cadence in real-time in a variety of settings, and could be used in the future to expand our current knowledge of the WRT. In turn, this knowledge could be used to inform training practices and/or rehabilitation of gait disorders. The purposes of this secondary analysis of an existing treadmill-based data set were to: (1) identify the optimal WRT cadence threshold, and (2) compare the accuracy of the cadence cutpoint to the previous WRT indicators identified in literature (i.e., speed and Froude number). This secondary analysis focused only on the data collected from the 28 participants (20 men, 8 women) whose protocol was terminated due to selecting to run during the treadmill portion of the larger CADENCE-Adults study. The CADENCE-Adults protocol consisted of a series of five-minute bouts beginning at 0.2 m/s and increasing in 0.2 m/s increments, with each bout followed by two minutes of standing rest. Participants could choose to walk or run each bout. The cadence of the bout during which the participants chose to run was considered the WTR cadence, and ROC analyses were performed to determine the optimal cadence cutpoint. Sensitivity, specificity and overall accuracy were calculated to compare the accuracy of the speed and Froude values from literature to the calculated cadence cutpoint. In addition, these analyses were expanded post hoc to also examine the accuracy of the previously proposed cadence cutpoint from the literature and the speed and Froude cutpoint identified from the dataset. Following analyses, three cadence cutpoints (134, 139, or 141 steps/min) were identified that shared equal overall accuracy (92.9%); therefore, there was no single optimal cutpoint. This also occurred for the speed cutpoints, where both 1.9 and 2.0 m/s shared overall accuracies of 78.6%. The optimal Froude cutpoint identified was 0.46 (82.0% overall accuracy). The rank-order overall accuracy of previously identified cutpoints were: a cadence of 140 steps/min (91.1%), Froude number of 0.5 (76.8%) and speed of 2.1 m/s (66.1%). Based on the identified optimal cadence cutpoints, a heuristic range of running cutpoints was recommended anchored on specificity vs. sensitivity preferences. For researchers interested in identifying episodes more likely to be running behavior (with the preference that very few episodes of walking behavior are mistakenly identified), it would be best to use 140 steps/min. However, if they want to be as inclusive as possible in identifying episodes of running behavior (and can tolerate more mistakenly identified episodes walking behavior), they could use 135 steps/min. When applied to this dataset, 96.0% (24/25) of the individuals who were ≥140 steps/min were running, but this decreased to 92.5% (25/27) with ≥135 steps/min. In conclusion, cadence clearly performed much better in terms of overall accuracy when compared to traditionally used WRT indicators of speed and Froude numbers. The recommended heuristics cadence cutpoint range can be used by researchers who want to evaluate the locomotor patterns of individuals when analyzing free-living step-defined data collected using wearable devices.

Internet of Things ger människor möjligheter att genom tjänster dra nytta av sensorer och andra enheter som tillsammans skapar ett brett utbud av lösningar som smart hem, smart transport, äldreomsorg och mycket mer. Den senaste innovationen av Bluetooth SIG är Bluetooth mesh topologi som tillåter att ansluta trådlösa enheter i ett många till många förhållanden. I denna avhandling utvecklade vi ett inomhusspårningssystem baserat på Bluetooth Low Energy teknik och mesh topologi för att undersöka de potentiella fördelar som Bluetooth Low Energy nätverk har att erbjuda för inomhusspårningssystemet. Systemet är utvecklat för att spåra Bluetooth beacon i en inomhus kontorsmiljö. Received Signal Strength används för att beräkna avståndet till beacon, medan positionen av beacon beräknas med Extended Min-Max och Trilateration algoritmer. Beräkningar utförs på servern. Resultaten analyseras genom jämförelse av Root Mean Square Error av båda algoritmerna. I denna avhandling utvärderas inomhusspårning som en del av ett uppdrag som ges av u-blox. / The Internet of Things brings connectivity of people, services, sensors and other devicesenabling a wide range of applications like smart home, smart transport, elder care andmuch more. The latest innovation of Bluetooth SIG is the Bluetooth mesh topology thatallows us to connect wireless devices in a many-to-many relationship. To investigate thepotential benefit that the BLE mesh network has to offer for the indoor tracking system.In this thesis, we developed an indoor tracking system based on Bluetooth Low Energytechnology and mesh topology. The system is developed to track Bluetooth beacon inan indoor office environment. Received Signal Strength is used to calculate the distance tothe beacon, while the position of the beacon is calculated using Extended Min-Max andTrilateration algorithms. Calculations are performed on the server. The results are analysed through comparison of Root Mean Square Error of both algorithms. In this thesis, indoor tracking is evaluated as part of an assignment given by u-blox.

The process of language development is quite complex, it occurs under the interactions between diachronic derivation and synchronic derivation. This paper examines the development of Chinese language through the scope of disposal construction to provide evidence that diachronic and synchronic derivations could affect the development of a language simultaneously. From the progression of disposal prepositions in Mandarin based on historical documents, we can observe how diachronic derivation took place. Also, through diachronic derivation, it is safe to say that the earlier sentence structures can have an impact on later sentence structures. By comparing the disposal constructions between Mandarin and Min dialect, the syntactic characteristics and limitations present the possibility of synchronic derivation, which is the result of language contact. The findings of this paper demonstrates the features of language contact through the borrowing of disposal prepositions, and the similarities and differences between the syntax of disposal sentence structure of Mandarin and Min dialect.

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