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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
191

Simply supported composite railway bridge: a comparison of ballasted and ballastless track alternatives : Case of the Banafjäl Bridge

Gillet, Guillaume January 2010 (has links)
No description available.
192

Undersökning av resonansfenomen i en fläktkonstruktion, med förslag till optimering

Svensson, Max January 2017 (has links)
Att konstruktioner som innehållande roterande element riskerar att utsättas för resonans är något en konstruktör alltid bör ha i åtanke. Alla konstruktioner har naturliga frekvenser även kallat egenfrekvenser, naturliga rörelsemönster, vars frekvens beror på dess massa och styvhet. Resonans uppstår då dessa naturliga frekvenser ligger nära angripande krafters frekvens. Resonansfenomenet amplifierar den dynamiska lasten och ofta uppstår väldigt höga påfrestningar på konstruktionen. Denna rapport redogör för en vibrationsanalys av en fläktkonstruktion, samt ett utvecklingsarbete för att optimera denna fläkt utifrån uppsatta krav från samarbetspartnern Quant Service Sweden AB. Fläktkonstruktionen finns hos kabeltillvärkaren NKT i Karlskrona. Arbetet har utförts tillsammans med Quant Service, ansvariga för underhållet på NKT. Fläktkonstruktionen har under flera tillfällen havererat genom att motorfästets skruvförband har gett vika efter allt för stora påfrestningar. Mycket tyder på att konstruktionen utsätts för stora vibrationer, där man tror att orsaken är resonans. Detta eftersom roterande delar enligt leverantör och egna tester ska vara balanserade inom givna gränsvärden. Samarbetspartnern Quant vill nu ha en redogörelse för om de höga vibrationerna orsakas av resonans eller inte, samt hur problemet kan lösas på bästa sätt. Arbetet innehåller två olika experiment, ett impulstest med impulshammare och ett test där fläktens motor startas och körs under två minuter. Konstruktionens respons har mätts med en accelerometer och den erhållna datan har använts för att beräkna en frekvensresponsfunktion, samt ett Power Spectra Density (PSD) i Matlab. Syftet med dessa experiment var att kartlägga konstruktionens egenfrekvenser och dynamiska laster för att se om dessa ligger nära varandra, och på så vis bekräfta att resonansfenomenet orsakat de kraftiga vibrationerna. Det experimentella resultatet visar på att konstruktionen har en dynamisk last på 48,3 Hz vilket motsvarar motorns varvtal på 2900 rpm. Denna dynamiska last ligger väldigt nära en utav konstruktionens egenfrekvenser, 45 Hz, vilket stärker hypotesen om resonans. De experimentella resultaten har validerats med hjälp av en modalanalys gjord i FEM-programmet Simulation Mechanical. Det experimentella impulstestet har också simulerats i programmet. Arbetet innehåller även utveckling av tre olika typer av förstärkning av fläktkonstruktionen. Syftet var att förstärka konstruktionen för att höja dess naturliga frekvenser och på så vis undvika resonansfenomenet. De tre konstruktionerna är rankade utifrån uppsatta krav med hjälp av en konceptbedömningsmatris enligt modellen concept scooring. Modalanalyser i FEM-programmet har gjorts för samtliga tre konstruktioner för att undersöka dess egenfrekvenser. Samtliga tre konstruktioner har inga egenfrekvenser under 100 Hz. Efter arbetet har Quant möjligheten att välja en utav de tre konstruktionerna för vidare implementering. / A designer must have in mind that constructions containing rotating elements risks being subjected to resonance. All constructions have got natural frequencies, also called eigenfrequencies, natural motions, where the frequency depends on its mass and stiffness. This report describes a work consisting a vibrational analysis of a fan construction. The fan construction is located at the cable manufacture NKT in Karlskrona. The work has been performed together with Quant Service, a company responsible for the maintenance at NKT. The fan construction struggle with recurrent breakdowns where the screw joints for the engine attachment were broken after large vibrations. The problem seems to occur due to the resonance phenomena, this because the rotating elements are balanced within limits according to the supplier of the fan wheels and own test performed by Quant themselves. The partner Quant service want to know if the large vibrations occurs due to resonance. The work contains two different experiments, one impulse test with an impulse hammer, and one experiment where the fan’s engine was running and driven for 2 minutes. The construction response was sampled with an accelerometer and the obtained data was used to calculate a frequency response function, and a power spectra density (PSD) in Matlab. The aim of these experiments were to obtain a survey of the constructions natural frequencies and dynamic force to analyse if they are close to each other, and by that confirm that resonance is the causing factor. The experimental result show that the construction has got a dynamic force acting with 48,3 Hz, which corresponds to the engine speed at 2900 rpm. This dynamic force is very close to one of the constructions natural frequencies at 45 Hz. This supports the hypothesis that the problems occur due to resonance. The experimental results have been validated with a modal analysis in the FEM program Simulation Mechanical. The experimental impulse test has been simulated in the program as well. The work also consists a development of three different types of strengthening of the fan construction. The aim is to increase the natural frequencies and by that avoid the resonance phenomena. The three constructions are ranked based on the requirements set by using a concept scooring matrix. Modal analysis for each of the three new constructions were created to confirmed the increased natural frequencies. The constructions all seems to have the first natural frequencies over 100 Hz. When the work was finished Quant had the possibility to pick one of the new constructions for further implementation.
193

Dynamic Testing for a Steel Truss Bridge for the Long Term Bridge Performance Program

Santos, Cody Joshua 01 May 2011 (has links)
Under the direction of the Federal Highway Administration the Long Term Bridge Performance Program (LTBP) selected Minnesota Bridge number 5718 as a pilot bridge for evaluation. This program focuses on the monitoring of bridges for a 20-year period to understand the structural behavior over time due to the various loads and weathering. In monitoring this bridge a better understanding can be acquired for the maintenance issues related to the nation's deteriorating bridge infrastructure. Bridge Number 5718, which is located just outside of Sandstone Minnesota, is a steel truss bridge that spans the Kettle River. Constant monitoring of the bridge along with periodic testing of the bridge will allow for the collection of data over a 20-year period. The focus of this work is to establish a baseline for the bridges characteristics through nondestructive dynamic testing. Later tests will be compared to these results and changes can then be tracked. In order to perform the required testing, two electromagnetic shakers were used to produce the excitation. The bridge was also outfitted with an array of velocity transducers to allow for the response to be recorded. The data was then used to extract the resonant frequencies, mode shapes, and damping ratios. A modal assurance criterion was also performed to solidify the findings. These parameters define the structural identity of the bridge. Through performing these tests the database that is being collected under the Long Term Bridge Performance Program will be used to better the overall health and safety of the nation's bridges.
194

Etude numérique et expérimentale du comportement dynamique non linéaire d'un réseau de tubes avec jeux : application aux faisceaux d'aiguilles combustibles RNR / Numerical and experimental study of the non-linear dynamic behavior of a tube lattice with clearances : application to SFR fuel pins bundle

Catterou, Thomas 22 October 2018 (has links)
Dans un assemblage combustible de réacteur à neutrons rapides, les aiguilles combustibles sont insérées en faisceau dans un tube hexagonal avec des jeux de montage. Lors de situations transitoires accidentelles de type séisme ou dans des phases de transport et de manutention des assemblages, les aiguilles sont donc susceptibles de se déplacer légèrement dans le faisceau et de s’entrechoquer les unes avec les autres, plusieurs centaines de milliers de contacts auront alors lieu dans le faisceau. L’objectif de cette thèse est de développer une méthode numérique capable simuler le comportement dynamique du faisceau avec jeu, afin d’évaluer les efforts de contact pour pouvoir dimensionner mécaniquement les aiguilles combustibles pour ce type de sollicitation. Le sodium n’est pas représenté, on s’intéresse donc ici au comportement de l’assemblage en air. Le comportement dynamique de l’aiguille a été étudié expérimentalement sur un banc d’essai spécialement conçu dans le cadre de cette thèse et il sera présenté dans un premier temps. L’analyse des essais de vibration libre a permis de mettre en évidence un amortissement non-linéaire dont la phénoménologie sera détaillée. La méthode numérique choisie sera ensuite décrite et comparée à des références analytiques et expérimentales, en particulier afin de justifier des critères de choix des paramètres numériques qui ont été identifiés. Enfin, on s’intéressera à la modélisation d’un assemblage combustible complet, avec différents types de représentation et à la comparaison des résultats à des essais de chocs ce qui conclura la présentation / Understanding of phenomena taking place in a structure with multiple clearances is an industrial challenge. The fuel pellets in the SFR (Sodium-cooled Fast Reactor) prototype ASTRID are enclosed in small and long pins which form a bundle inside a hexagonal assembly. The assessment of stresses in the pins during dynamic loadings is essential for the safety studies of the project. Experimental tests on the test bed CARNAC have been conducted to understand the dynamical behavior of fuel pin with their pellets. Then a numerical model has been chosen to simulate the release of an assembly against a stop. The difficulty is to simulate the dynamical behavior of a structure with a huge number of internal contacts. Numerical method has been validated on a basic problem with a reference semi-analytical method. Simplified models of the pin bundle are created to understand dynamical phenomena of a multicontact system. Then, the whole assembly is modeled. Sub-structuring to accelerate computation and a precise contact law representative of the pin to pin contacts are used. Displacements, energy and contacts force are analyzed with or without clearance. Numerical results are confronted to a previous experiment made in the CEA and provide a very good fit. The average kinetic behavior of assembly is well approximated by a beam structure, if pins are linked. Contact forces are well assess with conservatism using simplified model of a pin row
195

Vibration-Based Performance Assessment of Prestressed Concrete Bridges / 振動計測に基づくプレストレストコンクリート橋の性能評価

Oscar, Sergio Luna Vera 25 September 2018 (has links)
京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第21355号 / 工博第4514号 / 新制||工||1703(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院工学研究科社会基盤工学専攻 / (主査)教授 KIM Chul-Woo, 教授 杉浦 邦征, 講師 張 凱淳 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DFAM
196

Design, Optimization, Analysis and Testing of Additive Manufactured Compressor Stage Using COTS Turbocharger Driven Custom Test Rig

Walker, Gabriel T. 04 November 2020 (has links)
No description available.
197

Generalized Acoustic Energy Density and Its Applications

Xu, Buye 30 September 2010 (has links) (PDF)
The properties of acoustic kinetic energy density and total energy density of sound fields in lightly damped enclosures have been explored thoroughly in the literature. Their increased spatial uniformity makes them more favorable measurement quantities for various applications than acoustic potential energy density (or squared pressure), which is most often used. In this dissertation, a new acoustic energy quantity, the generalized acoustic energy density (GED), will be introduced. It is defined by introducing weighting factors, α and 1 − α, in the formulation of total acoustic energy density. With the additional degree of freedom, the GED can conform to the traditional acoustic energy density quantities, or be optimized for different applications. The properties and applications of the GED are explored in this dissertation. For enclosed sound fields, it was found that GED with α = 1/4 is spatially more uniform than the acoustic potential energy density, acoustic kinetic energy density, and the total acoustic energy density, which makes it a more favorable measurement quantity than those traditional acoustic energy density quantities for many indoor measurement applications. For some other applications, such as active noise control in diffuse field, different values of α may be considered superior. The numerical verifications in this research are mainly based on a hybrid modal expansion developed for this work, which combines the free field Green's function and a modal expansion. The enclosed sound field is separated into the direct field and reverberant field, which have been treated together in traditional modal analysis. Studies on a point source in rectangular enclosures show that the hybrid modal expansion converges notably faster than the traditional modal expansions, especially in the region near the source, and introduces much smaller errors with a limited number of modes. The hybrid modal expansion can be easily applied to complex sound sources if the free field responses of the sources are known. Damped boundaries are also considered in this dissertation, and a set of modified modal functions is introduced, which is shown to be suitable for many damped boundary conditions.
198

Modal analysis of pedestrian-induced torsional vibrations based on validated FE models

Chamoun, Simon, Trabulsi, Marwan January 2017 (has links)
Finite element (FE) models serve as the base of many different types of analysis as e.g. dynamic analysis. Hence, obtaining FE models that represent the actual behaviour of real structures with great accuracy is of great importance. However, more often than not, there are differences between FE models and the structures being modelled, which can depend on numerous factors. These factors can consist of uncertainties in material behaviour, geometrical properties and boundary- and continuity conditions. Model validation is therefore an important aspect in obtaining FE models that represents reality to some degree. Furthermore, model verification is also important in terms of verifying theoretical models, other than FE models, in fields such as fatigue-, fracture- and dynamic analysis. In this thesis, two pedestrian steel bridges, the Kallhäll bridge and the Smista bridge, have been modelled in a FE software based on engineering drawings and validated against experimental results with regard to their natural frequencies. Furthermore, in this thesis, a model has been developed in MATLAB based on modal analysis that accounts for pedestrian-induced torsional vibrations, the 3D SDOF model. This model has been verified against the previously mentioned FE models. The aim of this thesis is hence two parted where the first part is to develop three-dimensional FE models of two pedestrian bridges and validate them against measured data regarding the natural frequencies. The second part is to further develop a model for analysing the effect of pedestrian-induced torsional vibrations and to investigate whether the model captures the actual dynamic response of such loading. The results showed that the natural frequencies for the first bending- and torsional mode from the FE models corresponded well to the measured ones with the largest difference of 5 \% obtained for the natural frequency of the first bending mode for the Smista bridge. Furthermore, the 3D SDOF model was able to capture the dynamic response of torsional vibrations with an overall difference of less than 2 \% in comparison to the FE models. The model can be improved by further studying the pedestrian-structure interaction as well as studying the effect of using approximative functions describing the mode shapes. / Finita elementmodeller (FE-modeller) utgör en bas för många olika typer av analyser som exempelvis dynamiska analyser. Därmed är det av stor betydelse att FE-modeller representerar det faktiska beteendet av verkliga strukturer med stor noggrannhet. Ofta är det emellertid skillnader mellan FE-modeller och de verkliga strukturer man modellerar. Dessa skillnader kan bero på en rad faktorer såsom exempelvis osäkerheter i materialbeteende, geometriska egenskaper samt upplag- och randvillkor. Modellvalidering är därför en viktig aspekt i att erhålla FE-modeller som representerar verkligheten i olika omfattningar. Utöver modellvalidering är även modellverifiering viktigt, inte endast för verifiering av FE-modeller utan även för verifiering av andra teoretiska modeller inom områden såsom utmaning-, fraktur- och dynamiska analyser. I detta arbete har två GC-broar, Kallhäll- och Smistabron modellerats i ett FE-program baserat på konstruktionsritningar och validerats mot experimentella resultat med avseende på de naturliga frekvenserna. Vidare har det i detta arbete utvecklats en modell i MATLAB som tar hänsyn till människo-inducerade torsionsvibrationer baserat på modalanalys, benämnd 3D SDOF modellen. Modellen har även verifierats mot de tidigare nämnda FE-modellerna. Målet med detta arbete är således uppdelat i två delar, där den första delen består av att utveckla tredimensionella FE-modeller av två GC-broar samt validera dessa mot mätdata vad gäller de naturliga frekvenserna. Den andra delen består av att utveckla en modell för att analysera effekten av människo-inducerade torsionsvibrationer och undersöka huruvida modellen fångar den dynamiska responsen. Resultaten visade att de naturliga frekvenserna för den första böj- och vridmoden från FE-modellerna motsvarade de uppmätta frekvenserna med en största relativ skillnad på 5 \% för den fösta böjmoden för Smistabron. Vidare visade resultaten att den utvecklade 3D SDOF modellen kunde fånga den dynamiska responsen av torsionsvibrationer med en skillnad på mindre än 2 \% i jämförelse med resultat från de FE-modellerna. Modellen kan förbättras genom att vidare studera interaktionen mellan fotgängare och gångbro samt studera effekten av att använda approximativa funktioner som beskriver modformen.
199

Modelling and simulation of electromagnetic audible noise generated by traction motors

Botling, Fredrik January 2016 (has links)
An annoying tonal noise is produced by modern electrical trains duringacceleration and deceleration. This noise is caused by electromagneticforces generating structural vibrations, especially from the traction motors.The electromagnetic noise is dominant at low train speeds and affectsboth the passengers on the train and on platforms, as well as peopleliving near the track. The focus on this issue has increased the last years,both regarding legislation, contractual requirements and also because ofexpectations from citizens and travelers. To be able to design low noiseelectric drive systems, a thorough understanding of the cause and thepossibility to predict the electromagnetic noise is needed. This thesisdescribes the modelling and simulation of an complete multi-physicsreal-time environment for prediction and analysis of the electromagneticnoise. The simulation results are validated against measurements of thestructural vibration and acoustic response of a real traction motor fed bya power converter running in the entire operational range. / <p>QC 20161118</p>
200

Parameter study of bodywork attachments influencing the chassis dynamics by vibration response analysis / Parameterstudie av fästelements betydelse för chassidynamiken

Deshpande, Anirudh Gururaj January 2018 (has links)
Bilindustrin är i ständig utveckling och är väl medvetna om de ökande kraven från kundermed avseende på körkomfort och körupplevelse. Lastbilar med tunga laster är ofta utrustademed en påbyggnad, till exempel en låda för pallar och gods, en sopsamlare eller en stödram förbärning av timmer. SCANIA Bodybuilding Center utvecklar riktlinjer för val av olika typer avkarosseri, dvs typ av stödram och antal , fästpunkter. Målet med detta arbete är att utvecklaen bättre förståelse för hur det stödjande ramverket och dess infästningar i en lastbil påverkarrammens dynamik och sedan föreslå förbättringar till dessa riktlinjer.Viktiga parametrar som påverkar chassisdynamiken identifierades och beskrivs från början.Fysisk vibrationstestning av chassiet och påbyggnadsram med fasthållningsfäste utfördes vidi testrigg på Scania R&amp;D. Frekvensresponsfunktionerna från mätningarna användes för attbestämma modala parametrar. Olika test utfördes genom att ändra parametrarna och upptagningenav mätningarna. Testresultaten användes för att studera egenfrekvenser egna frekvenser,modifieringsformer och dämpning i systemet. Även en ny metod för att bygga en dynamiskfinit element (FE) modell eller chassi och påbyggnadsram är presenterad i denna undersökning.Modalanalys av chassi-påbygnadsramssystemet gjordes för att studera FEMs egna frekvenseroch modeformer. Den föreslagna metoden för koppling av chassit och delramen i FEM är kritisktbedömd genom att korrelera FE-simuleringen med de experimentella resultaten. Baserat på deutförda experimenten och den numeriska simuleringen föreslås från experiment och numerisksimulering, föreslås nya rekommendationer med avseende på påbyggnadsanslutningarnas konfigurationi lastbil. / The automotive sector is continuously evolving and the companies are well aware of therising demands from customers with regard to driving comfort and experience. Trucks carryingheavy loads are often equipped with on-built bodywork, for example a box for pallets and goods, agarbage collector device or a supporting frame for carrying timber. SCANIA bodybuilding centredevelops guidelines for selecting different types of bodywork, i.e. the type of supporting frame,design and number of attachment brackets, attachment points. The purpose of this master thesisis to develop a better understanding of how the supporting frame and its attachments in a truckinfluence the chassis frame dynamics and to propose improvements to these guidelines.Major parameters influencing the chassis dynamics were identified and described from theoutset. Physical vibration testing of the chassis-subframe assembly was carried out at roadsimulator. The frequency response functions from the measurements were used to determinethe modal parameters. Several tests were performed by altering the parameters and recordingthe measurements. The results from the test cases were used to study and analyse the eigenfrequencies, mode shapes and damping in the system. Also, a new method to build a dynamicfinite element (FE) model of chassis and subframe is presented in this study. Modal analysisof the chassis-subframe assembly was done to study the eigen frequencies and mode shapes byFEM. The proposed method of coupling the chassis and the subframe is critically assessed bycorrelating the results from FE simulation with the experimental results. Based on the resultsfrom experiment and numerical simulation, new recommendations are proposed with regard tothe bodywork attachments’ configuration in the truck.

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