<p>The attention of this paper would be to assess critically the consequences of any conscious effort to separate morality from politics giving that morality constitutes an essential and integral part of any political culture. With this understanding it becomes controversial and worrisome for any one to suggest that morality can be divorced from politics and still make a success out of the entire business of governance. The concept of Machiavellianism presents a very big challenge to this possibility in politics. I would attempt to show the dangers inherent in such a calculated effort using the Nigerian political experience as a case study</p>

The attention of this paper would be to assess critically the consequences of any conscious effort to separate morality from politics giving that morality constitutes an essential and integral part of any political culture. With this understanding it becomes controversial and worrisome for any one to suggest that morality can be divorced from politics and still make a success out of the entire business of governance. The concept of Machiavellianism presents a very big challenge to this possibility in politics. I would attempt to show the dangers inherent in such a calculated effort using the Nigerian political experience as a case study

This research is based on the framework of revision model proposed by Ferris et al. (2002), discussing the influence organization politics consciousness to staff's from Machiavellianism and type A personality. The sample consisted of 1890 employee selected from 40 organizations covering 9 industrial sectors in Taiwan. The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, correlation analysis and structural equation modeling and the summarized findings are in the following sections. The major results of this study are as fallowing: 1. Machiavellianism has a significant effect on employees¡¦ general political behavior of organizational politics perceptions. 2. Machiavellianism has a significant effect on employees¡¦ benefits of remaining silence of organizational politics perceptions. 3. Machiavellianism has a significant effect on employees¡¦ salary and promotion policies of organizational politics perceptions. 4. Type A personality has a significant effect on employees¡¦ general political behavior of organizational politics perceptions. 5. Type A personality has a significant effect on employees¡¦ benefits of remaining silence of organizational politics perceptions. 6. Type A personality has a significant effect on employees¡¦ salary and promotion policies of organizational politics perceptions.

Negotiation is applied to many fields, which are included in politics, business and even in daily life. An outstanding negotiator is not congenital, but it can be trained to be an excellent one. The type of negotiator what the person will be is affected by his personality. Negotiation is affected by many factors, and we will discuss the personality in this research. We focus on Machiavellianism and self-monitoring which are the two major variables in this research. And we use Ethical Decision Making Model to establish the hypothesis in this research. The questionnaire survey is the main method to collect the data, and we investigate the relationship among negotiator¡¦s p personality, attitude toward negotiation tactics and negotiation intention by descriptive statistics, T-test, Analysis of Variance and Regression Analysis. The results are follows: (1) Different backgrounds significantly influence the ethical attitude toward negotiation tactics, for example, the negotiator¡¦s sex and level of education. (2) Machiavellianism significantly influence s the ethical attitude toward negotiation tactics, for example, the negotiators have higher level of Machiavellianism and their ethic attitudes are weaker in ¡§salami-tactics¡¨ , ¡§shock them with your opening offer¡¨ and ¡§advance man¡¨. (3) The degree of self-monitoring of the negotiators significantly influences the relationship between ethical attitude toward negotiation and negotiation intention. Keywords: Negotiation tactic, ethical decision making, Machiavellianism, self-monitoring.

This research goal lies in relies on Ferris et the al. (1989) model discussion to organize member's Machiavellianism advantage personality tendency and the organization ¡§the democratized degree¡¨and ¡§the male privately operated special characteristic¡¨ to organizes influence the member politics consciousness. This object of study including 13 public-operated organization 754 questionnaire, and 17 privately operated organization 859 questionnaire, total sends out 2356 questionnaire, recycles 1745, the returns-ratio reaches 74.07 ¢M, rejection invalid questionnaire 132, the effective questionnaire is 1613, effective questionnaire returns-ratio 68.46%. The investigation material uses the descriptive to count, analysis methods separately and so on letter analysis, correlation analysis, exploring factor analysis, level linear model. This findings discovered that,1.organizes member's Machiavellianism advantage personality tendency to organize member's political consciousness to have the remarkable sound.2.organization's democratized degrees to organize member's political consciousness not remarkable influence.3.organization's male privately operated special characteristics to organize member's political consciousness to have the remarkable influence.4.organization's democratized degrees to ¡§organize member's Machiavellianism advantage personality tendency to organize the member politics consciousness the influence¡¨ not to have the disturbance effect.5.Organization's male privately operated special characteristic to ¡§organizes member's Machiavellianism advantage personality tendency to organize the member politics consciousness the influence¡¨ not to have the disturbance effect.

Three studies were undertaken to examine the relationship between the Dark Triad (i.e., psychopathy, Machiavellianism, and narcissism) and faking ability. Study 1 examined the relationship between psychopathy and the ability to fake good and fake bad on self-report personality inventories in a sample of 84 male federal offenders. Results showed that when faking good, successful fakers scored significantly higher than unsuccessful fakers on carefree nonplanfulness, and significantly lower on stress immunity. When faking bad, successful and unsuccessful fakers did not differ significantly on psychopathy total or subscale scores. Study 2 examined the effect of the Dark Triad on the ability to fake good and fake bad on self-report personality inventories in a sample of 166 undergraduates. Results indicated that when faking good, total psychopathy significantly predicted successful faking for 1 of 3 methods of evaluation, while Machiavellianism significantly predicted success at faking good for 2 of 3 methods of evaluation. Narcissism was unrelated to success at faking good. In addition, the Dark Triad constructs did not predict success at faking bad. Study 3 examined the relationship between the Dark Triad constructs and the ability to fake good interpersonally. In this study, 32 undergraduates comprising four groups (i.e., controls, and individuals high in psychopathy, Machiavellianism, and narcissism) provided videotaped self-presentations. A separate group of 134 university students subsequently rated the veracity of these presentations. Results indicated that when faking good, psychopathy and narcissism groups were rated as more believable than the control group. Conversely, the Machiavellianism group was less successful at faking good than the control group. Contributions of this research to the fields of personality assessment and self-presentation are discussed. / Thesis (Ph.D, Psychology) -- Queen's University, 2008-10-14 11:24:45.946

In this study perceived ethical leadership was examined as a moderator of the relationship between the dark triad personality traits of narcissism, Machiavellianism, psychopathy and counterproductive work behavior (CWB) using a sample of 208 employees recruited through Amazon Mechanical Turk. These participants completed measures of personality (Short Dark Triad; Jones & Paulhus, 2014), counterproductive workplace behavior (Counterproductive Work Behavior Checklist; Spector et al., 2006), and employee perception of their direct supervisor’s ethical leadership (Brown, Treviño, & Harrison, 2005). Participants were compensated $0.65 for completing the survey. Correlation and moderation analyses (Hayes, 2012) were used to analyze data. Significant correlations suggest that individuals scoring high on Machiavellianism and psychopathy also reported engaging in more CWB. The relationship between Narcissism and counterproductive workplace behavior approached significance in the predicted direction. Machiavellianism and psychopathy were not negatively related to the employee’s perception of their supervisor’s ethical leadership. Narcissism was significantly positively related to an employee’s perception of their supervisor’s ethical leadership. Finally, ethical leadership did not moderate the relationship between Machiavellianism or psychopathy and CWB. Ethical leadership did not moderate the relationship between Narcissism and CWB, but results were approaching significance in the predicted direction. These results suggest that employees who are manipulative and lack empathy were more likely to engage in harmful behaviors in the workplace such as abuse, production deviance, sabotage, theft, and withdrawal. Further, employees who were more narcissistic and have a grandiose view of themselves were more likely to view their leaders as ethical. Overall, the results of this study indicate that perceived ethical leadership does not affect the frequency in which employees high in narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy reported engaging in counterproductive work behaviors.

Orientador: João Carlos Kfouri Quartim de Moraes / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-12T08:47:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jacaranda_RodolfodeFreitas_M.pdf: 2914724 bytes, checksum: 334c58462f48cd5e087d89dcd906adb5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008 / Resumo: A idéia de razão de Estado foi, durante um século e meio, entre o século XVI e o XVII, um tema que exerceu grande influência no pensamento político moderno. Difícil de resumir em apenas um conceito, a razão de Estado foi utilizada para definir a capacidade de o poder soberano subtrair-se às obrigações e limites impostos pelas regras do direito ordinário para defender a ordem pública em casos de grave ameaça. A presente tese é uma pesquisa exploratória que visa a reconstruir os parâmetros das discussões que colocaram a razão de Estado no cerne do surgimento do próprio Estado. Proposta nos termos modernos que conhecemos por pensadores italianos do quinhentos, a razão de Estado tornou-se, por associações muito originais, sinônimo do pensamento de Maquiavel. Extrapolando a obra de Maquiavel, contudo, os principais teóricos da razão de Estado foram co-responsáveis por engendrar o vocabulário político da fundação do Estado na modernidade, e os elementos e técnicas que surgiram nos intensos debates decorrentes dos conflitos da época contribuíram para aprimorar as estruturas governamentais então em construção. A literatura franca e aberta da razão de Estado começou a declinar na segunda metade do século XVII, e os institutos que marcaram sua existência foram apropriados pela filosofia política normativa e pelos juristas pré-iluministas. Técnicas como a simulação e a dissimulação, o segredo, a necessidade, a crueldade e a mentira foram proscritas ou reconfiguradas segundo novos códigos de justificação do poder. Não é incomum encontrar referências ao fato de que as práticas da razão de Estado fazem parte de um passado do qual já nos livramos. Baseada na obra de pensadores contemporâneos como Michael Stolleis, Gianfranco Borrelli, Michel de Senellart, Yves Charles Zarka, Michel Foucault e Giorgio Agamben a presente tese demonstra como o desafio de pensar a sobrevivência das práticas da razão de Estado nos modelos políticos atuais corresponde ao próprio desafio, moderno por excelência, de entender a natureza do Estado e o modo como pensamos e agimos em nossa relação com o poder soberano. / Abstract: The idea of 'reason of State' was during one and a half century, between the XVI and the XVII, a theme of profound influence over modern political thought. Difficult to summarize in only one concept, the reason of State was used to define the ability of the sovereign power to break out from the obligations and limits imposed by the ordinary rules so as to defend the public order in situations of serious threat. The present work is an exploratory research that aims to rebuild the parameters of the discussions that set the reason of State in the core of the birth of the State itself. Put in the modern terms that we know from 1500s' Italian thinkers, the reason of State became, through very original associations, a synonym of Machiavelli's thought. Not restricted to Machiavelli's work, however, reason of State's main thinkers were co-responsible for creating the political vocabulary of the State's foundation in the modern age, and the elements and techniques that had appeared amidst the intense debates of the conflicts of their time contributed to improve the governmental structures then in construction. Open and direct literature about the reason of State began to decline in the second half of the 17th century, and the institutions that marked its existence were appropriated by prescriptive political philosophy and by Enlightenment jurists. Techniques like simulation and dissimulation, secret, necessity, cruelty and lie were proscribed or re-shaped according to new ways to justify power. Nowadays it is not unlikely to find references to the fact that the practices of the reason of State are part of a past already left behind. Based on the work of contemporary thinkers like Michael Stolleis, Gianfranco Borrelli, Michel de Senellart, Yves Charles Zarka, Michel Foucault and Giorgio Agamben, the present work shows how the challenge of finding evidence of the surviving practices of the reason of State in current political models corresponds to the very challenge, modern on its own, of understanding the State's nature and the way people think and act in their relationship with the sovereign power. / Mestrado / Filosofia / Doutor em Filosofia

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Thesis (M.A. ( Clinical Psychology)) -- University of Limpopo, 2013 / This study investigated the relationship between the ‘dark triad’ personality traits and risky sexual behaviour (sociosexuality), and the effect of gender on the relationship. Participants consisted of two hundred and twenty-two (222) University of Limpopo students. Correlation analysis results indicate that, among males, primary psychopathy is positively associated with overall sociosexuality and secondary psychopathy is negatively associated with the behavioural component of sociosexualiy. Primary, secondary and overall psychopathy was positively related to risky sexual behaviour (sociosexuality). However, Machiavellianism, narcissism and overall psychopathy were not related to all dimensions of sociosexuality. Regression analysis results revealed that very few ‘dark triad’ personality traits have the capacity to predict risky sexual behaviour (sociosexuality). High risk socio-sexual behavioural features were predicted by the ‘dark triad’ personality traits mostly among females than among males. There were comparatively more factors associated with risky sexual behaviour among females than males in this sample. Generally, the ‘dark triad’ personality traits varied in relating with features of risky sexual behaviour. The nature of the relationship of ‘dark triad’ personality traits depends on the particular type of risky sexual behaviour. This is contrary to previous empirical findings that suggest that, when measured in a normal sample, correlates of the ‘dark triad’ personality traits will be the same. Recommendations were made on the basis of the results. Key words: ‘dark triad’, narcissism, psychopathy, Machiavellianism, sociosexuality.