Thesis (Ph.D.)--McMaster University, 2001 / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 144-156). Also available via World Wide Web.

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Dans cette thèse nous nous intéressons à plusieurs problèmes de gestion de stocks, à travers des modèles de dimensionnement de lots sur plusieurs niveaux, en tenant compte de capacités de production. Nous étudions tout d’abord un problème de dimensionnement de lots à deux niveaux en série avec des capacités de production identiques et stationnaires aux deux niveaux, pour lequel proposons un algorithme dynamique exact pouvant résoudre le problème en temps polynomial sous certaines hypothèses. Dans le chapitre suivant nous étendons ce résultat dans deux directions : nous considérons le problème de gestion de stocks sur un nombre quelconque de niveaux en série, et nous considérons des livraisons par lots. Nous présentons un algorithme exact de résolution, polynomial et très efficace, basé sur une décomposition originale en composantes connexes induites. Nous considérons ensuite des versions plus générales de ce problème, en établissant des résultats de NP-complétude lorsque chaque niveau à une capacité ou une taille de lot différentes. Nous proposons pour ces problèmes une 2-approximation, basé sur l’encadrement de la fonction objectif par deux fonctions affines. Pour finir nous étudions un problème sur un seul niveau mais dans un système de production composé de machines identiques fonctionnant en parallèle. L’originalité de ce problème est de considérer une limitation de la consommation énergétique. A chaque période, on doit décider combien de machines allumer ou éteindre, et quel volume produire et stocker. Des résultats de complexité sont proposés, montrant que ce problème est NP-difficile même sous des hypothèses fortes, et un algorithme dynamique exact est présenté pour le cas de paramètres d’énergie stationnaires / In this thesis we are interested in several multi-level lot-sizing problems taking into account production capacities. We first study a 2-level in series lot-sizing problem with identical and stationary capacities at both levels, for which we propose an exact dynamic algorithm running in polynomial time under some hypothesis. Next chapter extends this result on two main lines: we consider the multi-level in series lot-sizing problem with batch deliveries and with a number of level which is part of the input. We provide a very efficient exact algorithm for this problem, which is polynomial in the number of levels and in the number of periods, based on an original decomposition into induced connected components. Then, we consider more general versions of this problem, for which we provide NP-hardness results when batch sizes or capacities are level-dependent. We propose 2-approximation algorithms for these problems, based on the sandwiching of the objective function by two affine functions. Finally, we study a single-level lot-sizing problem in a system composed of identical machines working in parallel. The originality of this study is to consider a periodic energy limitation. At each period it must be decided how many machines to switch on or off and the volume to be produced and stored. Complexity results are provided, showing that this problem is NP-hard, even under some restrictive assumptions, and an exact dynamic algorithm running in polynomial time is proposed for the case of stationary energy parameters

Logistics and Supply Chain Management are known in a professional public awareness more and more as activities which give a competitive advantage to companies which handle it well. The main objective of my diploma was to create a coprehensive guideline for logistics projects. This guideline shows the way how to manager logistics and supply chain management projects. In the theoretical part, I tried to cover the main areas of logistics and supply chain management in conjunction with the project management.The aim of my analysis was to apply the logistics guideline in a specific project for Jednota, spotřebitelské družstvo Ceske Budejovice, from the perspective of consultancy firm which was responsible for the solution of this project.

This thesis deals with an analysis of the production parameters of the two main products of a company NATE-nápojová technika a.s. for the period 2002-2012. Based on the theoretical fundamentals of production management and purchasing process. It analyzes each product from the customer's territory, production deadlines, cost and productivity. Based on this analysis are revealed weak points in the production and the purchase process and try to find ways to resolve them.

The aim of this master thesis is to propose a new operation arrangements for the packaging of auto lights used in private vehicles. For this solution had been used a theoretical knowledge from large areas of logistics, production management, lean manufacturing methodologies, and even the practical experience and knowledge of the particular conditions of the company. Conducted research has detected a critical areas in the company and there was designed a system to remove them. The results of this study allow implementing certain measures, which will improve the company efficiency and increase its competitiveness.

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Submitted by Elba Lopes (elba.lopes@fecap.br) on 2016-06-24T17:13:11Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Antonio_Carlos_Fiore.pdf: 718863 bytes, checksum: 7dc6833a7e9aa377933d5c6f99f6bd59 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-24T17:13:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Antonio_Carlos_Fiore.pdf: 718863 bytes, checksum: 7dc6833a7e9aa377933d5c6f99f6bd59 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-22 / The aim of this study was to observe how companies acting in fashion market measure, evaluate and emphasize their inventory in financial statements. Moreover, how they deal with the risks of its fast obsolescence. The fastest alterations in fashion tendencies; the capacity or not to anticipate, identify and answer to changes in consumers?? tastes; the interruptions in the flow of goods, that could cause breaks in the supply chain; the growing competition; the unpredictability in consume, and planning errors upon the development of new collections could be harmful for stored products waiting for its customers ??? all of them force companies to charge prices lower than their costs. The user of financial statements needs to be warned of such risks, because they could affect the existing inventory. To reach the proposed aims, the practices adopted in the main international companies of this sector were analyzed, by means of published financial statements, and compared with those adopted by Brazilian companies listed in Bovespa Stock Exchange. In addition, through interviews, it was possible to identify the treatment given to the same theme by Brazilian companies unlisted in Bovespa Stock Exchange. It was clear that international and national listed companies correctly attend to what is established in accounting standards. On the other hand, in national unlisted companies, the adoption of these practices needs development. It was also possible to verify that financial statements of American companies provide their users with more details concerning risks involving operations with goods, when compared to information provided by European and Brazilian companies. / O objetivo deste estudo foi observar a forma pela qual as empresas atuantes no mercado da moda mensuram, avaliam e evidenciam seus estoques nas demonstra????es financeiras e de que maneira tratam os riscos de sua r??pida obsolesc??ncia. As mudan??as cada vez mais r??pidas nas tend??ncias de moda; a capacidade ou n??o de se antecipar, identificar e responder ??s altera????es nos gostos dos consumidores; as interrup????es no fluxo de mercadorias que podem causar rupturas no supply chain; o acirramento da concorr??ncia; a imprevisibilidade do consumo e, os erros de planejamento na elabora????o de novas cole????es podem ser danosos para os produtos estocados ?? espera de seus consumidores, obrigando as empresas a praticar pre??os muitas vezes inferiores ao seu pr??prio custo. O usu??rio das demonstra????es financeiras precisa ser informado a respeito desses riscos, pois estes podem impactar os estoques existentes. Para alcan??ar os objetivos propostos, foram analisadas, por meio das demonstra????es financeiras publicadas, as pr??ticas cont??beis adotadas nas principais empresas internacionais desse segmento, comparando-as ??quelas adotadas pelas empresas brasileiras, listadas na Bovespa. Complementarmente, atrav??s de entrevistas, buscou-se identificar o tratamento dado a esse mesmo tema pelas empresas brasileiras n??o listadas na Bovespa. Ficou claro que tanto as empresas internacionais, quanto as nacionais listadas, atendem corretamente ao que est?? estabelecido nas normas cont??beis, enquanto que nas empresas nacionais, de capital fechado, a ado????o dessas pr??ticas cont??beis, ainda carece de evolu????o. Pode ser observado, ainda, que as demonstra????es financeiras das empresas norte-americanas fornecem, aos seus usu??rios, mais detalhes a respeito dos riscos inerentes ??s opera????es com mercadorias, quando comparadas ??s informa????es fornecidas pelas empresas europeias e brasileiras.

[pt] Esta dissertação aborda a concepção do uso de auditoria interna no contexto da gestão de riscos da cadeia de suprimentos, como mecanismo que agrega valor à organização. O gerenciamento de riscos da cadeia de suprimentos consiste na identificação e na gestão dos riscos da cadeia de suprimentos com a finalidade de se reduzir vulnerabilidades na cadeia de suprimentos. O objetivo da auditoria interna é realizar recomendações de modo que se promovam a eficiência e a eficácia das operações e auxiliar a organização a atingir os objetivos do negócio e, dessa forma, corrobora com a gestão de riscos. Esta dissertação tem em vista o problema de gestão de clientes de uma empresa do ramo de gases industriais e medicinais. A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar a gestão de suprimentos desta empresa mostrando que, por meio da segmentação de clientes aplicando técnica Holt-Winters (HW) de previsão de demanda, é possível obterem-se reduções de custos logísticos ao se utilizar da gestão por Vendor Managed Inventory (VMI). Os resultados da pesquisa apresentam uma visão geral de como e o que pode ser feito pela auditoria interna, a fim de que pesquisadores e gestores possam se beneficiar deste trabalho ao utilizar os conceitos e o conteúdo compilados no documento como subsídio a estudos de maior alcance, à realização de auditorias e à gestão de riscos no tema. Ganhos relacionados à redução de custos foram obtidos pela empresa estudada, reforçando assim a contribuição dos resultados deste trabalho para a indústria. / [en] This Master s Thesis deals with the use of internal audit within the context of Supply Chain Risk Management, as an adding value mechanism to the organization. Supply Chain Risk Management relies on the identification and management of supply chain risks in order to reduce vulnerabilities along the supply chain. The purpose of internal auditing is to make recommendations that promote the efficiency and effectiveness of operations that can help the organization to achieve business goals and thereby corroborate with risk management. The purpose of this research is to analyze the supply management being adequately provisioned to customers showing that with the use of Holt-Winters (HW) demand-forecasting it is possible to highlight the customers with the implementation of the Vendor Managed Inventory (VMI) method in order to reduce logistics costs. The results present an overview of how and what can be done by internal audit, in order that academic researchers and managers can benefit from this work by using the concepts and content brought together in the document as a subsidy to further studies, audit practices and overall risk management. Gains related to the cost reduction were also obtained within the studied corporation, reinforcing the contribution of this study s results to the industry.

1 ABSTRACT As the capital of Prague gradually expanded, both in population and area, Emergency Medical Service of Prague (EMSP) had to grow accordingly. Rescue Teams of EMSP are currently located in 18 stations throughout the territory of Prague. The high number of Rescue Teams groups poses a major challenge to technical - physical operation. One of the areas where the need for changes has been identified, is the asset management. The current system is inadequate and unable to respond flexibly to frequent changes in the asset register. Large number of emergency stations, which are located over a large area and include ambulance cars, triggered the need for rapid search and registration of fixed assets, so the whole process would be as efficient as possible and would not hinder the operation of Rescue Teams. Therefore the registration of property by means of barcodes was launched. During inspections and changes in records or registration of new assets, the operation in records is carried out quickly and efficiently using mobile terminals with a bar code reader, which is actually a small computer. The aim of this paper is to describe management of changes in property records using bar codes at the Medical Emergency Service of Prague. This change in the process of property registration will reduce the time,...