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Whom it May Concern : A Case Study of Local Participation in Community-Based Nature Resource Management of the Mangrove Forest on ZanzibarRabe, Linn January 2008 (has links)
<p> </p><p>Local participation, especially in managing systems of socio- natural resources, has been promoted as the answer to the puzzle about sustainable development. Community-Based Nature Resource Management (CBNRM) is an approach that has generally praised as the way to support genuine participation of ‘local people’ and empower them through the process. This paper examines how local participation in conservation projects works in practice. To do this literature around the rise of people-centred conservation models and participation are reviewed. This information is then used to consider a CBNRM case study in Pete, Zanzibar to reveal actions that promote or constrain local participation. The conclusions of this paper suggest that without a secure means of delegated power or the ability to influence meaningful decisions it is unlikely that a community will mobilize itself for the sake of common resources. In Pete, the conditions around the establishment and operation of the CBNRM have not facilitated effective local participation, which has resulted in widespread frustration and uncertainty amongst the community.</p><p> </p> / past with distinction
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Whom it May Concern : A Case Study of Local Participation in Community-Based Nature Resource Management of the Mangrove Forest on ZanzibarRabe, Linn January 2008 (has links)
Local participation, especially in managing systems of socio- natural resources, has been promoted as the answer to the puzzle about sustainable development. Community-Based Nature Resource Management (CBNRM) is an approach that has generally praised as the way to support genuine participation of ‘local people’ and empower them through the process. This paper examines how local participation in conservation projects works in practice. To do this literature around the rise of people-centred conservation models and participation are reviewed. This information is then used to consider a CBNRM case study in Pete, Zanzibar to reveal actions that promote or constrain local participation. The conclusions of this paper suggest that without a secure means of delegated power or the ability to influence meaningful decisions it is unlikely that a community will mobilize itself for the sake of common resources. In Pete, the conditions around the establishment and operation of the CBNRM have not facilitated effective local participation, which has resulted in widespread frustration and uncertainty amongst the community. / past with distinction
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Valoração socioambiental em áreas de preservação permanente no Rio do Sal em Aracaju/SENadalini, Ana Carolina Valerio 14 November 2013 (has links)
This dissertation main goal is to contribute to the ecosystem services valuation improvement from a social environmental context. The hypothesis adopted is that the valuation process methodological improvement under the Ecological Economy perspective may help determine entitled compensation, in expropriation lawsuits concerning large areas with great natural resources and with biological significance such as permanent preservation areas, by including other value dimensions associated with the ecosystem services (social and ecological values, besides the economic value). It shows that valuation is one among other important instruments of political and environmental management and the improvement of this information may contribute to the decision making process and the sustainable use of natural resources. Therefore, the aspects of current environmental valuation are shown and a valuation guide using social and environmental indicators, which may be used in judicial valuations, is presented. In order to apply the proposed guide, a case study was conducted in an area situated on the right side bank of Rio do Sal, near the confluence of Sergipe river, within the city limits of Aracaju and Nossa Senhora do Socorro, covering one of the last portions of mangrove and wetlands, and where a housing project by the city of Aracaju is under way. The obtained values may still be used by prosecutors to take action related to environmental management. / Este trabalho tem por objetivo contribuir para o aprimoramento da valoração dos serviços ecossistêmicos a partir de um contexto socioambiental. A hipótese adotada é que o aperfeiçoamento metodológico da valoração sob o prisma da Economia Ecológica possa auxiliar na determinação da justa indenização, em processos de desapropriações que envolvam áreas com vastos recursos naturais de significativa importância biológica como as áreas de preservação permanente, ao incorporar outras dimensões de valores associadas aos serviços ecossistêmicos (valores ecológicos e sociais, além do valor econômico). Mostra que a valoração é um dentre outros importantes instrumentos de politica e gestão ambiental sendo que a melhoria dessas informações pode inclusive, contribuir para o processo de tomada de decisões e o uso sustentável dos recursos naturais. Para tal, são apontados os aspectos presentes atualmente nas avaliações de bens ambientais e elaborado um roteiro de avaliação através da utilização de indicadores socioambientais que poderá ser utilizado nas avaliações judiciais. Para a aplicação do roteiro proposto, foi realizado um estudo de uma área situada na margem direita do Rio do Sal, nas proximidades da confluência com o rio Sergipe, na divisa dos municípios de Aracaju e Nossa Senhora do Socorro, compreendendo uma das últimas porções de mangues, alagadiços e apicuns e onde estão sendo construídos conjuntos habitacionais da Prefeitura Municipal de Aracaju/SE. Os valores encontrados podem ainda, servir de subsídio para que outras ações sejam tomadas pelo Ministério Público em face da necessidade da gestão dos ambientes naturais.
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Imaging Wetland Hydrogeophysics: Applications of Critical Zone Hydrogeophysics to Better Understand Hydrogeologic Conditions in Coastal and Inland Wetlands and WatersDowns, Christine Marie 17 November 2017 (has links)
This dissertation consists of three projects utilizing electric and electromagnetic (EM) methods to better understand critical-zone hydrogeologic conditions in select Florida wetlands and waters.
First, a time-lapse electrical resistivity (ER) survey was conducted in section of mangrove forest on a barrier island in southeast Florida to image changes in pore-water salinity in the root zone. ER data show the most variability in the root zone over a 24-hour period, and, generally, the ground is more resistive during the day than overnight.
Second, a suite of three-dimensional forward models, based on varying lateral boundaries and conductivities typical of a coastal wetland, were run to simulate the EM response of a commerical electromagnetic induction instrument crossing over said boundaries. Normalized profiles show the transition is sharper in a hypersaline regime than one where freshwater and clay are present. Furthermore, enough variability exists in hypersaline regimes to justify collecting profile measurements in multiple coil configurations to constrain the nature of a lateral boundary.
Also, under certain circumstances, there are kinks in the EMI response even across abrupt boundaries due to concentrated current density at a layer's edge.
Lastly, geophysical surveys were conducted at six wetlands in west-central Florida to characterize potential hydrostratigraphic units and compare/contrast them to the current conceptual model for cypress dome wetlands. ER was used to image the geometry of the top of limestone; ground penetrating radar (GPR) was used to image stratigraphy beneath and surrounding wetlands. These wetlands can be grouped into two models. Topographic highs surrounding wetlands are controlled by the undulating top of limestone at sites where the region is characterized by limestone ridges. In contrast, topographic highs are controlled by thick sand packages at sites regionally characterized by sand dunes over scoured limestone.
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Identifying active water flow paths in a tropical wetland with radar remote sensing data (wetland interferometry) : The case of the Cienaga Grande de Santa Marta, ColombiaGuittard, Alice January 2016 (has links)
Despite being one of the most productive ecosystems on earth, wetland areas have been heavily affected by human activities. The Cienaga Grande de Santa Marta (CGSM) in Colombia is one of these wetlands, where the inadequate construction of roads modified the hydrology and connectivity of this water body, generating massive mangrove mortality episodes. The lack of knowledge on the hydrological processes and connectivity of the CGSM has impaired mangrove restoration plans. Here we use wetland interferometry technique to remotely monitor the wetland and understand the flow of water in/out and across the CGSM wetland complex. A close collaboration with Miami University allowed us to access CGSM’s interferograms created with ALOS Palsar satellite data (from 2007 until 2011). The interferograms resulting from the analysis were correlated with daily hydrological data (precipitation, runoff in the main inflow of freshwater to the wetland, tide charts) to finally identify two main paths of inflow of water that are still active and are continuously feeding freshwater into the Cienaga. The most persistent was identified in the south-west part of the CGSM; a water flow coming directly from the Magdalena River and entering the main lagoon in its south-west corner. The second was located in the north-west area, where most of the mangroves have died. In this case, different interferograms showed different potential water flow paths depending on the season (dry / wet season), the Magdalena River’s discharge and the rainfall. These results reflect the complex hydrology of the CGSM . Furthermore, a coherence analysis was conducted to assess the quality of the remote sensing data and to better understand the different responses of the features within the Cienaga. The results showed that the coherence analysis could also be potentially used to identify areas of dead mangrove. This study confirms that despite the blockage of the connectivity of the wetlands, there are still important freshwater flow paths feeding the CGSM. Additional hydrological studies are needed to ensure the further understanding of the hydrology of the CGSM and confirm the results of this study.
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Dinâmica do manguezal no sistema de Cananéia-Iguape, Estado de São Paulo - Brasil.Cunha-Lignon, Marília 26 October 2001 (has links)
As condições físicas do ambiente, pretéritas e atuais, determinam variações quanto à estrutura e distribuição dos manguezais ao longo das áreas litorâneas. O presente estudo visa caracterizar as tendências da dinâmica de bosques de mangue do Sistema Cananéia-Iguape. Tratamento de imagens digitais e dinâmica de feições sedimentares na região forneceram subsídios para o presente estudo. O Sistema Cananéia-Iguape está localizado no extremo sul do Estado de São Paulo (Brasil), latitude de 25oS. Imagens digitais TM/Landsat5, WRS 220/77 D, composição colorida (RGB) TM4/TM3/TM2, de duas datas (14/09/86 e 02/09/99) foram tratadas no SIG ILWIS (Integrated Land and Water Information System). Os pontos de amostragem de estrutura dos bosques de mangue e de topografia foram escolhidos considerando-se os resultados da classificação superviosionada e da dinâmica sedimentar das feições de deposição no sistema, segundo Tessler (1982) e Tessler & Furtado (1983). Para estudo da estrutura dos bosques de mangue adotou-se metodologia de Schaeffer-Novelli & Cintrón (1986). Análise de agrupamento por ligação simples confirmou os resultados obtidos no tratamento de dados de estrutura dos bosques de mangue. A dinâmica sedimentar e a topografia são fatores que determinam a colonização por determinadas espécies de mangue em feições de deposição. / Past and current environment conditions drive changes to mangrove structure and distribuition along the coast. This paper aims to caracterize mangrove forest dynamic tendencies at Cananeia-Iguape System. Digital image processing and region morphodynamics support the present study. Cananeia-Iguape System is located at the South of São Paulo State (Brazil), latitude 25oS. A colored composition (RGB TM4/TM3/TM2) of Landsat TM digital images (WRS 220/77D) from different dates (14/09/86 and 02/09/99) were processed with ILWIS SIG (Integrated Land and Water Information System). Mangrove forest structure and topographic sampling spots were chosen given the results of supervised classification and given its sedimentary morphodynamic deposition, following Tessler (1982) and Tessler & Furtado (1983). Mangrove forest structure study is based on Cintrón & Schaeffer-Novelli (1984). Single linkage cluster analysis has confirmed the results obtained from the mangrove forest structure study. Region sedimentary dynamics and topographic factors drive mangrove colonization by particular species on deposition shores.
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Dinâmica do manguezal no sistema de Cananéia-Iguape, Estado de São Paulo - Brasil.Marília Cunha-Lignon 26 October 2001 (has links)
As condições físicas do ambiente, pretéritas e atuais, determinam variações quanto à estrutura e distribuição dos manguezais ao longo das áreas litorâneas. O presente estudo visa caracterizar as tendências da dinâmica de bosques de mangue do Sistema Cananéia-Iguape. Tratamento de imagens digitais e dinâmica de feições sedimentares na região forneceram subsídios para o presente estudo. O Sistema Cananéia-Iguape está localizado no extremo sul do Estado de São Paulo (Brasil), latitude de 25oS. Imagens digitais TM/Landsat5, WRS 220/77 D, composição colorida (RGB) TM4/TM3/TM2, de duas datas (14/09/86 e 02/09/99) foram tratadas no SIG ILWIS (Integrated Land and Water Information System). Os pontos de amostragem de estrutura dos bosques de mangue e de topografia foram escolhidos considerando-se os resultados da classificação superviosionada e da dinâmica sedimentar das feições de deposição no sistema, segundo Tessler (1982) e Tessler & Furtado (1983). Para estudo da estrutura dos bosques de mangue adotou-se metodologia de Schaeffer-Novelli & Cintrón (1986). Análise de agrupamento por ligação simples confirmou os resultados obtidos no tratamento de dados de estrutura dos bosques de mangue. A dinâmica sedimentar e a topografia são fatores que determinam a colonização por determinadas espécies de mangue em feições de deposição. / Past and current environment conditions drive changes to mangrove structure and distribuition along the coast. This paper aims to caracterize mangrove forest dynamic tendencies at Cananeia-Iguape System. Digital image processing and region morphodynamics support the present study. Cananeia-Iguape System is located at the South of São Paulo State (Brazil), latitude 25oS. A colored composition (RGB TM4/TM3/TM2) of Landsat TM digital images (WRS 220/77D) from different dates (14/09/86 and 02/09/99) were processed with ILWIS SIG (Integrated Land and Water Information System). Mangrove forest structure and topographic sampling spots were chosen given the results of supervised classification and given its sedimentary morphodynamic deposition, following Tessler (1982) and Tessler & Furtado (1983). Mangrove forest structure study is based on Cintrón & Schaeffer-Novelli (1984). Single linkage cluster analysis has confirmed the results obtained from the mangrove forest structure study. Region sedimentary dynamics and topographic factors drive mangrove colonization by particular species on deposition shores.
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AnÃlise espaÃo-temporal da vegetaÃÃo do manguezal no rio CearÃ, CearÃ, Brasil / Space-time analysis of vegetation of mangrove river CearÃ, CearÃ, BrazilArmando Soares dos Reis Neto 25 July 2013 (has links)
Os manguezais estÃo distribuÃdos do extremo norte do Brasil atà Laguna, regiÃo costeira sul do paÃs, ocorrendo em estuÃrios, lagoas litorÃneas e canais de marÃ. No estado do Cearà (02Â46 S), nordeste brasileiro, o clima semi-Ãrido apresenta caracterÃsticas que condicionam o crescimento dos bosques de mangue como a sazonalidade das chuvas e a alta incidÃncia de radiaÃÃo solar. As caracterÃsticas climÃticas favoreceram a escolha pela regiÃo para implementaÃÃo da industria salineira no sÃculo passado, como no caso do complexo estuarino do rio CearÃ, localizado na divisa costeira entre os municÃpios de Fortaleza e Caucaia. O presente estudo descreve e analisa a evoluÃÃo espaÃo-temporal do manguezal do rio Cearà (Fortaleza-CE), com foco na colonizaÃÃo da vegetaÃÃo tÃpica de mangue em Ãreas de salinas abandonadas. O estudo da paisagem foi realizado atravÃs de tÃcnicas de sensoriamento remoto, uso de fotografias Ãreas e imagens de satÃlites, alÃm de visitas de campo, sendo produzidos e analisados mapas temÃticos dos anos de 1968, 1997 e 2009, estimando-se as Ãreas de manguezais e de salinas para cada ano. Para o ano de 2009, foram estimados 1006,6 ha de manguezais, 165% a mais do que em 1968, apresentando sua maior taxa de crescimento por dÃcada entre 1997 e 2009, de 133,25ha/10anos. No perÃodo estudado de 41 anos uma Ãrea de 395 ha de salinas abandonadas foi colonizada naturalmente por bosques de mangue. Uma descriÃÃo mais detalhada da estrutura desses bosques foi realizada atravÃs do estudo fitossociolÃgico na salina Margarida. Na regiÃo mais prÃxima à margem do rio foi encontrado um bosque em um estÃgio de desenvolvimento avanÃado, com dominÃncia de Rhizophora mangle e presenÃa de Avicennia spp., altura mÃdia do bosque 10m, DAP mÃdio 14,06 cm e densidade de 1333,33trocos/ha. Em direÃÃo ao continente, evidenciou-se um bosque em processo de colonizaÃÃo inicial na salina, sendo a espÃcie pioneira Laguncularia racemosa associada à outras espÃcies vegetais, Portulaca oleracea (beldroega) e a Batis marÃtima (brejo do mangue). Apesar do crescimento quantitativo dos bosques de mangue foram evidenciados diversos impactos ambientais, que acumulados, ocasionaram desequilÃbrio ambiental e perda qualitativa nos benefÃcios proporcionados pelo manguezal do rio CearÃ. Para evidenciar os bens e serviÃos do ecossistema foi realizada uma anÃlise sistÃmica dos fluxos de matÃria e energia que compÃe o complexo estuarino do rio CearÃ. A relaÃÃo dos fluxos com as atividades humanas estabelecidas no ambiente evidenciaram principalmente uma interferÃncia dos impactos ambientais nos serviÃos ambientais relacionados com os fluxos litorÃneos (construÃÃo de espigÃes e dÃficit de sedimentos na costa), fluxos fluvio-marinhos (salinizaÃÃo do estuÃrio e contaminaÃÃo das Ãguas) e os fluxos de sedimentos e gravitacionais (abandono das salinas, impermeabilizaÃÃo do solo e ocupaÃÃo intensa nas Ãreas de dunas). A partir das evidÃncias da recuperaÃÃo do manguezal em Ãreas de salinas abandonadas no rio CearÃ, pÃe-se em discussÃo as definiÃÃes da resoluÃÃo estadual 02/2002 do COEMA, ao legitimar a conversÃo de Ãreas de salinas e apicum para o estabelecimento da carcinicultura, em detrimento de recuperar e conservar os serviÃos ambientais jà disponÃveis no ecossistema manguezal. Uma nova postura de conservaÃÃo do manguezal do rio Cearà representaria custos de oportunidade maiores em uma receita sustentÃvel do desenvolvimento humano nas regiÃes estuarinas e Ãreas litorÃneas do estado no CearÃ, no Brasil e no mundo. A recuperaÃÃo do manguezal do rio Cearà sà serà possÃvel apÃs a mitigaÃÃo dos principais impactos ambientais. Para a gestÃo do manguezal do rio Cearà propÃe-se um sistema de manejo baseado em zonas de recuperaÃÃo de Ãreas degradadas, zonas de monitoramento da regeneraÃÃo natural dos bosques de mangue e zonas de mÃxima conservaÃÃo. / Mangrove ecosystem occurs in Brazil in estuaries, shore lagoons and marine channels inside land, from the extreme North of the country, to well beyond the Tropic of Capricorn, near Laguna, Braziliansâ south coast. In the Cearà state (02Â46 S), BrazilÂs northeast region, the climate is semi-arid, with seasonal rains and high reception of solar radiation. In the last few decades the human occupations intensify in Ceara river estuarine complex, and modify the landscape in results of their actions, interfering in the natural development of the mangrove ecosystem. This case study reports a description and an analyses of the temporal-spatial development of the mangrove area in the Cearà river (Fortaleza â CE), focusing on new colonization areas in abandoned saltworks. It was produced thematic maps estimating the mangrove areas and the saltwork areas in the years of: 1968, 1997, and 2009 using remote sensing techniques. In 2009 the mangrove area was 1006.6 ha, 65% more than in 1968, the growth rate was 133.25 ha/10years between 1997 and 2009. In abandoned saltworks areas it was evidenced 395 ha of new colonized mangroves areas. A fitosociologic study was accomplished to demonstrate the detailed description of the mangrove forest structure. The mangrove forest near the main channel of the Cearà river is described as fringe, an advance development forest, with dominance of Rhizophora mangle and Avicennia spp., medium height of 10 meters, medium DHB 14,06 cm and density of 1333.33 trunk/ha. Down to the terrestrial environment itÂs evidenced basin mangrove forests, in new mangroveÂs colonization areas. The pioneer specie was Laguncularia racemosa associated with other associated species Portulaca oleracea (beldroega) and Batis marÃtima (brejo do mangue). Although the quantitative increment in mangrove forest areas the environment quality was considered low, due the evidenced of the variety of environmental impacts. To highlight the environment services it was necessary a systemic analysis approach of the flows of energy and matter. The relation between the human activities and the environment fluxes related shows the interference of the environment impacts in the environment services, for example, the shore fluxes (sediment deficit) fluvial-marine flux (estuary salinization and water contamination) and the gravitational fluxes (abandoned saltwork, soil impermeabilization and dense urban occupation in dune areas). Consideration about the state resolution COEMA n 02/2002 were made to discuss the recent flexibilization of Brazilian environmental legislation, in order to provide legal tools to appropriations of mangrove areas to industry exploration, the case of shrimp farms legalization. A new posture in mangrove conservation programs in the Cearà river would represent higher costs of opportunities in a sustainability receipt of human development in estuary regions and shore areas in the Cearà state, in Brazil and in the whole world. The Cearà river recuperation will only be possible after the mitigation of the main environmental impacts. It is recommended to install priority conservation zones, natural regeneration monitoring zones and environment rehabilitation zones, in order to enhance the mangrove management plan.
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Florística, estrutura fitossociológica e produção de serapilheira do manguezal do rio São Francisco / Floristic, phytosociological structure and litterfall of mangrove forests of São Francisco riverSantos, Tiago de Oliveira 26 February 2013 (has links)
This Master's Thesis presents the results of research conducted under the Project ASSESSMENT OF POTENTIAL AS SEQUESTRANT MANGROVE FORESTS CARBON - UFRJ / UFS / UERJ (Case Study of Mangrove Forest River Estuarine Region of San Francisco - Sergipe / Alagoas), with the support of the Erosion and Sedimentation Laboratory, part of the Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Sergipe. The environmental liabilities created on account of unsustainable use of natural resources over the years has been suppressing and / or degrading a significant portion of mangroves due to the disorderly occupation and exploitation of their areas. Thus, gathering information on vegetation structure becomes a valuable tool for understanding the current state of the same. In this context, the objective of this study was to characterize the floristic, phytosociological structure and litterfall of the mangrove estuary of the river São Francisco, Sergipe. This action will provide a structural description of the community of mangrove trees and shrubs and the factors that promote change in these communities. The results show that the mangrove river São Francisco present a heterogeneous development, presenting higher in the intermediate region of the estuary, where there is less influence of anthropogenic impacts. We recorded species: schaueriana Avicennia, Avicennia germinans, Laguncularia racemosa, Conocarpus erectus and Rhizophora mangle. The average height of forests ranged from 2.88 to 15.63 m, the DBH 3.95 to 19.74 cm, basal area, live from 4.22 to 47.83 m2.ha-1 and density logs Live 375-9100 trunks.ha-1. The annual litter production was 274.43 t.ha-1.year-1 in the first year and 267.92 t.ha-1.year-1 in the second year. Generally, litter production, per compartment, submitted the following descending order: Leaves > Twigs and Branches > Stipules > Fruits and Propagating Material > Miscellaneous > Flowers. Tensors identified in the estuary, the largest impacts are promoting marine erosion and human activities, both promote the removal of large areas. / A presente Dissertação de Mestrado apresenta os resultados da pesquisa realizada no âmbito do Projeto AVALIAÇÃO DO POTENCIAL DE FLORESTAS DE MANGUE COMO SEQUESTRADORAS DE CARBONO UFRJ / UFS / UERJ (Estudo de Caso da Floresta de Mangue da Região Estuarina do rio São Francisco - Sergipe/Alagoas), com o apoio do Laboratório de Erosão e Sedimentação, vinculado ao Departamento de Engenharia Agronômica da Universidade Federal de Sergipe. O passivo ambiental criado por conta do uso não sustentável dos recursos naturais ao longo dos anos vem suprimindo e/ou degradando uma porção significativa de manguezais, principalmente no que diz respeito a ocupação e exploração desordenada de suas áreas. Dessa forma, o levantamento de informações sobre a estrutura da vegetação torna-se uma valiosa ferramenta para o conhecimento do estado atual dos mesmos. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar a composição florística, estrutura fitossociológica e produção de serrapilheira do manguezal do estuário do rio São Francisco, Sergipe. Essa ação fornecerá uma descrição estrutural da comunidade arbóreo-arbustiva do manguezal e os fatores que promovem alterações nessas comunidades. Os resultados encontrados revelam que o manguezal do rio São Francisco apresenta desenvolvimento heterogêneo, apresentando-se mais elevado na região intermediária do estuário, onde é menor a influência dos impactos antropogênicos. Foram registradas as espécies: Avicennia schaueriana, Laguncularia racemosa e Rhizophora mangle. A altura média das árvores variou de 2,88 a 15,63 m, o DAP médio de 3,95 a 19,74 cm, a área basal viva de 4,22 a 47,83 m2.ha-1 e a densidade de troncos vivos de 375 a 9100 troncos.ha-1. A produção média anual de serrapilheira foi de 13,53 t.ha-1.ano-1 e 13,21 t.ha-1.ano-1, no primeiro e segundo ano, respectivamente. De modo geral, a produção de serapilheira, por compartimento, apresentou a seguinte ordem decrescente: Folhas > Galhos e Ramos > Estípulas > Frutos e Propágulos > Miscelânea > Flores. Dos tensores identificados no estuário, os que promovem maiores impactos são a erosão marinha e atividades antrópicas, ambos promovem a supressão de grandes áreas.
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A dinâmica físico-química de solos de florestas de mangue em Sergipe, Nordeste do Brasil / The physical and chemistry dynamic soils of mangrove forests in Sergipe, northeastern BrazilAndrade, Karen Viviane Santana de 27 February 2013 (has links)
Brazilians Mangroves have a great ecological importance, and are very importants to the survival of coastal communities that use natural resources of this ecosystem for their food and income generation. Over the years various human actions and the dynamics of this ecosystem, has encourage studies that provide a better understanding of the peculiarities of this environment. The study on the soils of mangroves are important because shows the strong influence on the distribution and degree of species development, maintaining a direct relationship with the intake of marine and river sediments. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physical and chemical characteristics of the soil in two mangrove forests located in estuarine areas of the São Francisco River and Sergipe. In each estuary were selected two (02) sites for data collection, called stations, divided into three (03) forest types (fringe, basin and transition) and collected five (05) samples consisting of 0.5 kg of soil at each sample point. In the laboratory, soil samples were subjected to chemical and physical analyzes, including pH. The soil of the estuary of the São Francisco had a sandy texture, with high amounts of organic matter and concentration of macro and micronutrients in the following order of concentration: Mg2+> Na2+>Ca2+>H+ > K+> P3-> Al3+ e Fe2+> Zn2+> Cu2+> Mn2+, respectively, with variations between woods and stations. Introducing generally, high fertility, especially in forests basin confirmed by the development of vegetation, noting a trend zoning species in relation to the fertility of the soil. The estuary of the Sergipe River presented a more silty texture and nutrient levels of macronutrients according to the following concentrations: Mg2+> Na2+> Ca2+> H+> K+> P3-> Al3+ e Fe2+> Zn2+> Cu2+> Mn2+. Both estuaries have high fertility and vegetation well developed. / Os manguezais brasileiros têm uma grande importância ecológica, além de serem fundamentais para a sobrevivência das comunidades ribeirinhas, que utilizam dos recursos naturais desse ecossistema para sua alimentação ou geração de renda. No decorrer dos anos diversas ações antrópicas e a própria dinâmica desse ecossistema, tem demandado estudos que possibilitem melhor compreensão das particularidades desse ambiente. O estudo sobre os solos dos manguezais se mostra importante pela forte influência na distribuição e no grau de desenvolvimento de espécies, mantendo uma relação direta com o aporte de sedimentos marinhos e fluviais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as características físico-químicas do solo em duas florestas de mangue localizadas nas zonas estuarinas do rio São Francisco e do rio Sergipe. Em cada região estuarina foram selecionados 02 (dois) sítios de coleta de dados, denominados estações, divididas em 03 (três) tipos de floresta (franja, bacia e transição) e coletadas 05 (cinco) amostras compostas de 0,5 kg de solo em cada ponto amostral. Em laboratório, as amostras de solo foram submetidas às análises químicas e físicas, incluindo pH. O solo da região estuarina do rio São Francisco apresentou uma textura arenosa, com elevados valores de matéria orgânica e teores de macro e micronutrientes obedecendo à seguinte ordem de concentração: Mg2+> Na2+>Ca2+>H+ > K+> P3-> Al3+ e Fe2+> Zn2+> Cu2+> Mn2+, respectivamente, com variações entre bosques e estações. Apresent ando de maneira geral, elevada fertilidade, principalmente na floresta de bacia, confirmado pelo desenvolvimento da vegetação, observando uma tendência de zoneamento das espécies em relação à fertilidade do solo. A região estuarina do rio Sergipe apresentou uma textura mais siltosa e os teores de nutrientes de macronutrientes obedecendo as seguintes ordens de concentração: Mg2+> Na2+> Ca2+> H+> K+> P3-> Al3+ e Fe2+> Zn2+> Cu2+> Mn2+. Ambos os estuários apresentam elevada fertilidade e vegetação bem desenvolvida.
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