Thesis (Ph. D.)--Cornell University, 1981. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 391-403).

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De même que Maurice Blanchot observait que le quotidien, « c’est ce qu’il y a de plus difficile à découvrir », Quentin Jouret constate qu’il ne cesse de changer d’apparence et échappe à notre désir de maîtrise. Le problème n’est dès lors pas tant de définir le quotidien, mais plutôt de voir comment « la discrétion serait la manière dont le quotidien change imperceptiblement ». De façon plus pratique, la discrétion devient un moyen d’apprendre à mieux voir le monde qui nous entoure, à en saisir les modulations infimes. Pour le dessinateur comme pour le photographe, il s’agira d’être attentif aux occasions qui se présentent, l’espace d’un bref instant. Tout comme Roland Barthes ambitionnait, autour du terme de « diaphrologie », de construire une science des nuances, Quentin Jouret appelle tour à tour les notions de neutre chez Roland Barthes, de dettaglio chez Daniel Arasse, de fadeur chez François Julien, d’inframince chez Marcel Duchamp ou encore d’infraordinaire chez Georges Pérec. Le mémoire consiste en un volume de 590 pages, impression recto verso, dont la particularité est d’intercaler entre chaque page un feuillet moins large, non folioté, réservé à la reproduction des images de l’auteur et dans une moindre mesure celles des œuvres des artistes cités en référence. Ce travail entend mettre en avant le primat de l’expérience artistique dans la recherche en arts plastiques. / As Maurice Blanchot observed that daily, "is what is most difficult to find," Jouret Quentin finds that keeps changing appearance and beyond our control desire. The problem is therefore not so much to define the everyday, but rather to see how "the discretion is how the daily exchange imperceptibly." More practically, discretion is a way to learn how to see the world around us, to grasp the tiny modulations. For the artist as for the photographer, this will be attentive to opportunities that arise, just for a brief moment. As Roland Barthes aspired around the term "diaphrologie" to build a science of nuances, Quentin Jouret called alternately the neutral concepts Roland Barthes, to dettaglio at Daniel Arasse of blandness in François Julien, of inframince with Marcel Duchamp or to infraordinaire at Georges Perec. The memory consists of a volume of 590 pages, duplex printing, whose characteristic is to insert between each page a narrower slip, non folioté, reserved for the reproduction of images of the author and to a lesser extent those works referenced artists. This work intends to emphasize the primacy of artistic experience in research in the visual arts.

I denna undersökning har jag utgått ifrån Sassower och Cicotellos bok The Golden Avant-Garde: Idolatry, Commercialism, and Art. I den diskuterar författarna deras uppfattning utav vad som utgör en avant-garde konstnär och de bygger upp en modell för detta. Jag har utgått ifrån denna modell och jämfört en dåtida avant-garde konstnär, Marcel Duchamp, och en samtida, Cory Arcangel, för att ta reda på eventuella likheter och skillnader. Mitt syfte har varit att ta reda på om avant-garde som koncept har förändrats från 100 år sedan, på Duchamps tid, fram till nu. Sassower och Cicotellos teori utgår mycket ifrån en ekonomisk synvinkel och de diskuterar ämnen som konstmarknad och monetärt värde i samband med avant-gardens innebörd. Författarna tar upp ett par, för mig, nya koncept; technoscience och detached engagement, som de menar är avgörande att besitta för att som konstnär anses som avant-garde. En del av mitt syfte har också varit att ta reda på om Sassower och Cicotellos modell är ett givande sätt att undersöka avant-garde som koncept. Jag kommer fram till att modellen är trovärdig och givande samt att det är ett intressant sätt att ta sig an avant-garde som konstform. I min undersökning hittar jag många likheter och olikheter emellan de båda konstnärerna utifrån Sassower och Cicotellos modell och därför kommer jag också fram till att det är svårt att göra en exakt jämförelse på en så pass liten skala. För att komma fram till ett mer omfattande resultat hade jag behövt göra fler jämförelser mellan flera olika konstnärer.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:43:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Polyana Zappa.pdf: 2812534 bytes, checksum: 7f8d15d36e335fb171f38e91de2d2ff6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-01-22 / Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa / The research presents as study object the reflection on Marcel Duchamp's last work Etant donnés ", relating: the reflection of the work-object, the woman's construction image, the link of the work with the Great Glass considered as the artist's most significant work. As enxadrista/artista established a game among the spectator, the work and the History of the Art. The work Etant donnés was chosen by presenting contradictions with the artist's own production and the eroticism opened in counterpoint with the underlying eroticism in the other works. The contradiction was always present in the speech, in the creations, in your thoughts and with this last east fact it is confirmed. / A pesquisa apresenta como objeto de estudo a reflexão sobre a última obra "Etant donnés" de Marcel Duchamp, relacionando: a reflexão da obra-objeto, a construção imagem da mulher, o elo da obra com o Grande Vidro considerado como o trabalho mais significativo do artista. Como enxadrista/artista estabeleceu um jogo entre o espectador, a obra e a História da Arte. A obra Etant donnés foi escolhida por apresentar contradições com a própria produção do artista e o erotismo escancarado em contraponto com o erotismo subjacente nas outras obras. A contradição sempre esteve presente na fala, nas criações, em seus pensamentos e com esta última este fato se confirma.

Le banal objet manufacturé a pris une place de plus en plus importante sur la scène artistique depuis son irruption, via le geste de Marcel Duchamp en 1913. De 1913 à aujourd’hui, cet objet pose problème : 1/car il est à la fois objet quotidien et objet d’art ; 2/ car exposé, il est soumis à un dispositif communicationnel qui tout à la fois en montre le sens et en génère ; 3/ car plus l’objet se réduit plus le discours tissé autour est important. Le sens qu’il revêt au long du siècle change et une évolution se dessine : plus l’objet tend à s’abstraire, à se numériser plus il va revenir sous la forme du discours et de la communication nous donnant à voir quelque chose d’irréductible, ce que l’homme dépose en lui de fondamentalement humain. Envisagé sous les angles esthétique, anthropologique et institutionnel, l’objet, apparemment simple, nous montre son indéniable complexité. Il est fonctionnel, utile, décoratif parfois, objet d’art plus rarement et en lui se fixe quelque chose du sujet qui l’utilise, le regarde, le crée. L’objet, comme paradigme de la communication humaine, suit, induit, en tout cas entérine les progrès et les régressions de la société. Et l’objet d’art, dans les dispositifs d’exposition de plus en plus prégnants, interactifs et sophistiqués, est un révélateur essentiel pour une meilleure saisie du présent. / The mundane and manufactured object has taken an increasing place on the artistic scene since its irruption, by the act of Marcel Duchamp in 1913. From 1913 to nowadays, this object is problematic: 1/ because it is both an everyday thing and a piece of art; 2/ because, when it is exhibited, it is submitted to a device of communication which simultaneously reveals and creates the meaning; 3/ because more the object is reducing itself, more the discourse about it is important.Throughout this century, the meaning of the object has changed and an evolution is discernable: more the object is abstracting or digitizing itself, more it exists by the discourse and the communication. This gives us to see an irreducible thing, a fundamentally human leftover.Analysed by aesthetic, anthropologic and institutional perspectives, the object, apparently simple, reveals its clear complexity. It is functional, useful, sometimes decorative, and more rarely a piece of art; and something of the subject, who uses, peers, creates its, sets in itself. The object, as a paradigm of the human communication, follows, induces, endorses at any rate progresses and regressions of society. In increasingly significant, interactive and sophisticated exhibitions’ devices, the piece of art is an essential indicator for a best understanding of the present time.

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Durante meu mestrado selecionei textos específicos de Marcel Duchamp: textos teóricos nos quais ele reflete sobre o mundo das artes. São palestras que ele deu em universidades, cartas e catálogos para as exposições que ele organizava cujos textos são dele. Este material é fundamental para entender como este artista tão radical entendia a arte e como se esforçava para propagar suas concepções. São temas surpreendentes porque Duchamp teve um importante papel na apresentação da arte européia aos Estados Unidos trabalhando como curador durante um bom período. É impressionante vê-lo apresentando Picasso, Calder ou Matisse. Ou então defendendo os motivos pelos quais todo artista deve cursar uma universidade. São textos que todo estudante de arte deveria ler. Ou melhor, todos que gostam ou trabalham com arte... Este material foi selecionado e traduzido a partir dos originais em inglês e francês que estão nos livros Duchamp du Signe - écrits (Paris, Flammarion, 1975) e The Writings of Marcel Duchamp (New York, Da Capo Preess, 1989) , organizados por Michel Sanouillet com a colaboração de Elmer Peterson (ambos contém os mesmos textos, um em inglês e outro em francês). É uma seleção que cobre de 25 a 30% do total destes livros. Deixei fora do meu recorte todas as notas que fazem parte das próprias obras de Duchamp e têm um caráter poético intenso, recorrendo frequentemente a sofisticados trocadilhos dignos de uma tradução pelos irmãos Campos. Além da tradução dos textos teóricos, meu trabalho têm mais duas partes. Um posfácio, no qual faço uma leitura das obras de Duchamp iluminada exclusivamente pelos textos que estão traduzidos na primeira parte e um Apêndice - que é a parte que mais gosto. Este apêndice é uma brincadeira com Duchamp. Proponho um Ready-made para definir um perfil de sua obra recortando dos textos que ele escreveu sobre outros artistas apenas as caracteríscas que estão fortemente presentes no próprio trabalho dele. Como apontaram na minha banca, é quase uma leitura de revelação psicanalítica ao indicar como vemos nos outros aquilo que temos em nós. / This work selects specific texts of Marcel Duchamp: theoretical texts in which Duchamp reflects about the art world. This texts are lectures that Marcel Duchamp gave at universities, letters and catalogs for the exhibitions that he organized and whose texts Duchamp signed. This material is essential to understand how a so radical artist understood art as he struggled to propagate his views. Duchamp played an important role in introducing European art to the United States by working as curator for a long period. It\'s amazing to read his texts presenting Picasso, Calder or Matisse. Or even defending the reasons why every artist should attend the university. These are texts that every art student or art lover should read. This material was selected and translated from the originals published on the books Duchamp du Signe - écrits (Paris, Flammarion, 1975) and The Writings of Marcel Duchamp (New York, Da Capo Preess, 1989), organized by Michel Sanouillet with the collaboration of Elmer Peterson (both contain the same texts, the first one in French, the second one in English). This selection covers 25% to 30% of these books. I left out of my selection all the notes that are part of the own works of Duchamp and have an intense poetic character, often using sophisticated puns. Besides the translation of theoretical texts, my work have two more parts. An afterword, which is a view of Duchamp\'s works illuminated only by the texts which are translated at the first part and an Appendix - which is the part I like best. This appendix is a joke on Duchamp. I propose a Ready-made to define a profile of his work cutting from the texts he wrote about other artists only traces that are strongly present in his own work. It´s almost a psychoanalytic reading that indicates how we see in others what we have in us.

Si c’est le futurisme et le Dadaïsme qui sont mis de l’avant dans la plupart des publications sur l’histoire de ce que l’on nomme la performance, l’impact du surréalisme est encore et toujours laissé de côté. En nous appuyant sur les recherches de Roselee Goldberg et Adrian Henri, il s’agit de mettre en lumière la contribution des surréalistes à l’art dit de performance. Précisément, nous reconstruisons et analysons les évènements éphémères que les surréalistes organisent dans la foulée de l’inauguration de leurs grandes expositions internationales : l’Acte manqué mis en scène pour l’Exposition internationale du surréalisme (1938), Prière de toucher, l’objet performatif réalisé pour Le Surréalisme en 1947, puis Festin inaugural et l’Exécution du testament du Marquis de Sade, tous deux planifiés pour l’Exposition inteRnatiOnale du Surréalisme (E.R.O.S.) en 1959. Après l’étude détaillée de ces évènements, il s’agit de les mettre en parallèle avec les expérimentations des artistes se vouant à l’art de la performance des années 1960/1970. Sans affirmer que ce genre d’œuvres est surréaliste, l’objectif est de montrer que certains enjeux et questions auxquelles le groupe s’intéresse se trouvent reflétés dans l’époque de l’âge d’or de la performance. / Although Futurism and Dadaism are credited for their experiences with different forms of performance, only few art historians acknowledge Surrealism’s influence. Building on the work of RoseLee Goldberg and Adrian Henri, the purpose of this thesis is to shed light on Surrealism’s contribution to what is globally known as Performance Art. We reconstruct, study and analyze the ephemeral events organized by the surrealists for their international exhibitions that took place in Paris: the Acte manqué presented at the opening of the Exposition internationale du surréalisme (1938), Prière de toucher, a performative object created for Le Surréalisme en 1947, and Festin inaugural as well as the Exécution du testament du Marquis de Sade, both organized for the Exposition inteRnatiOnale du Surréalisme (E.R.O.S.) in 1959. After a detailed analysis of these events, we then discuss their possible links to Performance Art of the 1960s/1970s. Our aim is not to state that the experimentations of that time period are inherently surrealist, but – in order to show the importance of the surrealist ephemeral events – , we point out that some issues and questions that posed the French avant-garde group, images even, were mirrored in Performance Art of the 1960s/ 1970s.