Abstract Title: Emerging Markets – A Case Study in Foreign Market Entry toBangladesh Keywords: emerging market, entry strategy, market entry, factors behind entry choice, entry mode, entry node, entry timing Background: Internationalism and international marketing are hot topics among the strategy discussions of the companies and as a result companies continuously look for new, unreached sales potential to their products and services as well as better use of their resources. Purpose: To find the most efficient international market entry strategy for companies moving from developed/transition economy to an emerging market. Theoretical framework: The base for the start of internationalisation process is company’s inner motives and resources. Motives and resources combined with the cultural distance, competition and general external environment of host country form potential company-specific risks for the entry to foreign market. Potential customers in combination with company resources shows how big is the match between market demand and what company can offer and therefore determines the potential reward. Risks and reward are both input to the decision making process where the potential benefits and drawbacks are analysed against each other. The output of this decision making is the entry strategy. Methodology: Internet was mainly used to collect secondary data about company resources, cultural distance and external environment. Interviews with 150 retailers inBangladesh were conducted to collect primary data about the competition and consumer behaviours in the hosiery market ofBangladesh. Then comparative analysis was made based on the model developed by the authors to reach to the decision. Conclusion: The most effective entry strategy for the entry to emerging markets is indirect exporting through an agent in case there is high location risk, moderately high competition risk, medium country risk and moderately low demand risk, the company has no surplus finances for big investments and no prior experience in doing business in an emerging market.

Gradually, Swedish SMEs are expanding into emerging markets in order to seize superior opportunities of growth. Within these internationalization efforts, identifying and selecting the most promising foreign target markets is regarded to be a critical success factor. The external business environment, the attractiveness of the targeted market segment in terms of the competitive situation, and the match between the customers’ needs and a company’s resources and capabilities are major factors which determine the prospects of success of establishing business in an emerging market. By applying an abductive research approach, the authors conducted a holistic single-case study of a typical case for Swedish SMEs internationalizing into emerging markets. Through that, the authors were able to answer the research questions of the paper. A theoretical framework was synthesized, combining latest research on emerging country markets with classical models. The framework guided the authors through the entire research process. Several propelling, as well as hampering factors for the case company’s prospects of success in the targeted market segment were identified. Based on the analysis of the empirical findings, the authors found that there are clear opportunities for the case company to increase its business. This conclusion is due to a weak threat of competitors in a broader context, which were regarded to not being able to satisfy the customers’ needs of key importance sufficiently. Competitors in a narrower context were regarded to not have a significant competitive advantage compared with the case company.

The following report is an investigation of growth strategies for charter management organizations. The report begins with an overview of the School Choice Movement and its introduction of market forces into the public education system. Drawing from the private, nonprofit and education sectors, the report introduces three existing frameworks for organizational growth and new market entry. The report evaluates the robustness of each of these frameworks as well as their applicability to charter school expansion through the lens of a case-study investigation of IDEA Public Schools’ expansion from the Rio Grande Valley to the Austin, Texas education market. The report concludes by introducing a new, cross-sector framework for charter expansion that brings together the strengths of existing models as well as the lessons learned from the IDEA case. The framework consists of four phases: pre-expansion, geographic market selection, growth mechanism selection and implementation. / text

Australia and the UK are both prominent economies in the international arena and share a strong trade and investment relationship. Interestingly, the UK while being a significant destination for Australian exports is an even more significant destination for Australian direct investment, a case anomalous to international trends. Analysis of this case elicits the question as to what factors differentiate between the firms that export and those that FDI. It is imperative to understand the differentiating factors between exports and direct investment as market entry decisions are decisive to the success of firms in international markets. A number of theories of international market entry have developed over the last quarter century, the ownership, location, and internationalisation model (OLI) is used in this study. The importance of the variables developed in this model are identified, and assessed as to their relevance to entry of Australian firms into the UK market through FDI or Exports. Qualitative information is used to support initial quantitative profiling. Results of the investigation indicate that while some variables were at times decisive, they were not predictive at all in other situations. The full interaction of the variables in the model was therefore concluded to be essential to fully differentiate between exports and FDI in all cases.

It is important that Queensland horticultural producers develop export capacity. Production is increasing and Australia has a relatively small domestic market. Export also provides a means to diversify as a risk management strategy and to arrest the income decline from existing markets. This research provides Queensland horticultural producers with a practical example of how the principles of supply chain management and relationship marketing may be applied to successfully access a new export market – the Japanese consumer co-operatives. The thesis examines the theories of relationship marketing and supply chain management and proposes that these constructs provide a suitable format for the development of trading relationships between Queensland producers and Japanese consumer co-operatives. Based on surveys of the co-operatives, the thesis outlines the specific philosophical and operational issues for the co-operatives which impact on their use of imported fruit and vegetables, and identifies direct supply from producers to consumers (sanchoku) as a potential strategy for gaining market entry. Key success factors are developed from the survey data and applied to a case study of a Queensland asparagus company and a mid-sized Japanese co-operative. The development of the business relationship and supply chain is chronicled for the case study firms. The dissertation concludes with observations from the case study and the co-operative survey, providing valuable insights into the strategies required by Queensland firms to build lasting relationships and profitable supply chains into Japanese consumer co-operatives.

Submitted by Maximilian Schlechtriem (maxschlechtriem@gmail.com) on 2016-03-08T13:21:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Master_Thesis_Maximilian_Schlechtriem.pdf: 1583113 bytes, checksum: bc7e488f36ce3dcbf9258334e963ef4d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Janete de Oliveira Feitosa (janete.feitosa@fgv.br) on 2016-03-11T14:03:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Master_Thesis_Maximilian_Schlechtriem.pdf: 1583113 bytes, checksum: bc7e488f36ce3dcbf9258334e963ef4d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Almeida (maria.socorro@fgv.br) on 2016-03-14T17:07:15Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Master_Thesis_Maximilian_Schlechtriem.pdf: 1583113 bytes, checksum: bc7e488f36ce3dcbf9258334e963ef4d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-14T17:07:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Master_Thesis_Maximilian_Schlechtriem.pdf: 1583113 bytes, checksum: bc7e488f36ce3dcbf9258334e963ef4d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-01-28 / Moving into a new and foreign market can be challenging, especially when such market has a different culture and working environment in comparison to the home market. Thus, it is of utter importance to adjust a company’s strategy to the new market conditions. Currently, there are no concrete guidelines of what aspects are most important when moving from a developing market such as Brazil into a more sophisticated market like Europe, or vice versa. The present study will examine two companies from the same industry, but with different cultural backgrounds and its strategic similarities and differences for operating in multiple international markets. The data was collected via semi-structured interviews with the Chief Executive Officers (CEOs’) from both companies, using an interview guideline that is based on three different theoretical frameworks. The aim is to give recommendations to these two industries of how to efficiently use existing theoretical frameworks and which aspects are most significant when moving into a new market while keeping in mind a company’s size and background.

The diploma thesis is devoted to market entry strategies, afterwards it is focused on entry to swedish market of selected company.The first chapter theoretically describes market entry strategies. The second chapter is focused on swedish market, as a target market of chosen company. The main part of this chapter pursues description and analysis of swedish entrepreneurial environment. Therefore two reports are used: Doing Business Report and Global Competitivness Report. The third chapter describes market entry of selected company, the fourth part evaluetes its rate of success. The aim of this thesis is to analyze reasons and market entry strategies, evaluate swedish market from the perspective of the Czech company entering the swedish market and at the end to assess the rate of success of the market entry.

Cílem této práce je vypracovat strategii vstupu produktu "A" farmaceutické společnosti "F" na český a slovenský trh. V této práci je tato strategie analyzována a hodnocena pomocí metody NPV (Net Present Value) a dalších metod. Na základě tohoto hodnocení je strategie vybrána. První kapitola zahrnuje teoretická východiska jednotlivých metod použitých pro účely této práce. Je zde zejména osvětlena metoda NPV a metody vhodné pro analýzu relevantních trhů, společnosti "F" produktu "A". Ve druhé kapitole je provedena analýza trhu České a Slovenské republiky a také analýza společnosti "F" a produktu "A". Tyto analýzy zahrnují jak vnitřní tak vnější potenciál společnosti i produktu. V závěrečné kapitole je vypracována navrhovaná strategie vstupu pro produkt 'A', jež je poté ekonomicky hodnoceny pomocí modelu NPV a dalších modelů.

Cieľ diplomovej práce je navrhnutie vhodnej stratégie vstupu firmy Benzina, s.r.o. (Unipetrol, a.s.) na zahraničný trh. Práca obsahuje analýzu súčasnej situácie na domácom trhu v Českej republike a analýzu priemyslu v Ukrajine. Boli predstavené základné analytické metódy, ktoré boli následne vyhodnotené. Na základe uskutočnených analýz bola navrhnutá stratégia vstupu na Ukrajinu.

Einleitung Der Faktor Zeit nimmt in unserer heutigen Gesellschaft einen bedeutsamen Platz in den unterschiedlichsten Bereichen unseres Lebens und Wirkens ein. Beispielsweise verbreiten sich Nachrichten weltweit innerhalb von Minuten, Reisezeiten verkürzen sich von Tagen auf mehrere Stunden (Kurpjuweit 2013) und die Hersteller von Unterhaltungselektronik verkürzen die Produktlebenszyklen um neue Produkte schneller am Markt zu platzieren (Scheimann 2011). Die Reduzierung des Produktlebens ist bei vielen anderen Produkten des Konsum- und Investitionsgütermarktes festzustellen, da die Markteintrittsstrategie den möglichen Absatz des Produktes bestimmt (Meffert et al. 2008, S. 445f.). Der Erfolg eines Produktes ist jedoch eine Folge aus unterschiedlichen Aspekten, wobei die Zeit, neben der Qualität und den Kosten, einer der Hauptparameter ist. Demzufolge ist das Zusammenspiel dieser drei voneinander abhängigen Faktoren auch im Produktentwicklungsprozess zu berücksichtigen, um die geforderten Ziele zu erreichen (Burghardt 2013, S. 23). Diese werden durch den technologischen Fortschritt, die veränderten Bedürfnisse der Kunden und den internationalen Wettbewerb bedingt (Cooper 2010, S. 8ff.). Durch den Einsatz von strukturierten Produktentwicklungsprozessen können die Zielvorstellungen abteilungs- und aufgabenübergreifend berücksichtigt und kontrolliert werden. Anwendungsbeispiele für komplexe, aber systematische Produktentwicklungsprozesse sind in der Automobil- und IT-Branche zu finden (Braess 2013; Ruf & Fittkau 2008). Für die Produkte der Sicherheitstechnik muss bei der Entwicklung, Konstruktion und Fertigung jedoch ein Aspekt gesondert betrachtet werden – die Qualität. Es sind sehr hohe Anforderungen und Ansprüche zu erfüllen, die teilweise vom Gesetzgeber festgesetzt wurden, da die Sicherheit von Mensch und Maschine zu gewährleisten ist. Im Bereich des Explosionsschutzes, welcher als ein Teilgebiet der Sicherheitstechnik gilt, ist die Einhaltung von Richtlinien und Normen bei einer Produktentwicklung für den Markteintritt zwingend erforderlich. Neue Bauteile werden u.a. durch aufwändige Prüfungen von benannten Stellen erprobt. Diese Bedingungen beeinflussen den Produktentwicklungsprozess und die Konstruktionsmethodik im Explosionsschutz fundamental und charakterisieren den kosten- und zeitintensiven Vorgang durch aufwändige Iterationen (Träger et al. 2005).