Thesis (doctoral)--Universität, Magdeburg. / Includes bibliographical references.

Esta dissertação propõe-se a analisar a regulamentação da exclusão extrajudicial de sócio na sociedade empresária limitada no direito brasileiro, tendo como núcleo da pesquisa a incidência e aplicação das disposições do artigo 1.085 do Código Civil sobre o tema, a partir do qual são abordados os requisitos de ordem material e procedimental necessários para que se possa lançar mão de tal ferramenta jurídica, que tem por principal objetivo a proteção da empresa e de sua continuidade diante dos atos de inegável gravidade praticados pelos sócios minoritários. Busca-se analisar os elementos que permitam uma compreensão do instituto a fim de facilitar e disseminar sua utilização. Para tanto, aborda-se no primeiro capítulo os pressupostos deontológicos do contrato de sociedade limitada no direito brasileiro, com a análise dos deveres dos sócios e da utilização do fim social como parâmetro interpretativo da conduta dos sócios frente tais deveres. No segundo capitulo é abordada a justa causa da exclusão extrajudicial de sócio no Código Civil brasileiro, sendo realizada a apresentação das justas causas da exclusão judicial e extrajudicial de sócio, para que, posteriormente, seja abordado o conceito de atos de inegável gravidade que coloquem em risco a continuidade da empresa. No terceiro parágrafo são analisados os requisitos prévios ao conclave no qual será tomada a deliberação de exclusão de sócio. Finalmente, no quarto capítulo são abordados os requisitos formais relativos ao conclave no qual a deliberação do sócio será tomada. / This master thesis proposes to examine the regulation of the non-judicial expel of a partner from the limited liability companies in the Brazilian Law. The research has as its core the provisions of the article 1085 of the Brazilian Civil Code, from which it examines the material and the procedural requirements for the company to use the legal tool represented by the non-judicial expel of a partner. The main purpose of such non-judicial expel is to protect the company and the continuity of its enterprise, regarding the undeniable gravity of acts committed by the minority of shareholders. This essay aims to analyse the elements that allow an understanding of the institute to facilitate and disseminate their use. For that, it is discussed in the first chapter the ethical assumptions of the limited liability companies in the Brazilian Law, with the analysis of the partners duties and the use of the company purposes as an interpretative parameter of the members conduct considering those duties. In the second chapter it is addressed the cause of the non-judicial expel of a partner in the Brazilian Civil Code. In this part of the essay, the causes of judicial and non-judicial expel of a partner will be compared to gather the elements to analyse the concept used by the article 1085 of the Brazilian Civil Code: the acts of undeniable gravity to bring the enterprise continuity into risk. In the third chapter, the requirements prior to the conclave, in which the determination of expel of a partner will be taken, are analysed. Finally, the fourth chapter examines the formal requirements concerning the conclave in which the expel of the partner will be decided.

Esta dissertação propõe-se a analisar a regulamentação da exclusão extrajudicial de sócio na sociedade empresária limitada no direito brasileiro, tendo como núcleo da pesquisa a incidência e aplicação das disposições do artigo 1.085 do Código Civil sobre o tema, a partir do qual são abordados os requisitos de ordem material e procedimental necessários para que se possa lançar mão de tal ferramenta jurídica, que tem por principal objetivo a proteção da empresa e de sua continuidade diante dos atos de inegável gravidade praticados pelos sócios minoritários. Busca-se analisar os elementos que permitam uma compreensão do instituto a fim de facilitar e disseminar sua utilização. Para tanto, aborda-se no primeiro capítulo os pressupostos deontológicos do contrato de sociedade limitada no direito brasileiro, com a análise dos deveres dos sócios e da utilização do fim social como parâmetro interpretativo da conduta dos sócios frente tais deveres. No segundo capitulo é abordada a justa causa da exclusão extrajudicial de sócio no Código Civil brasileiro, sendo realizada a apresentação das justas causas da exclusão judicial e extrajudicial de sócio, para que, posteriormente, seja abordado o conceito de atos de inegável gravidade que coloquem em risco a continuidade da empresa. No terceiro parágrafo são analisados os requisitos prévios ao conclave no qual será tomada a deliberação de exclusão de sócio. Finalmente, no quarto capítulo são abordados os requisitos formais relativos ao conclave no qual a deliberação do sócio será tomada. / This master thesis proposes to examine the regulation of the non-judicial expel of a partner from the limited liability companies in the Brazilian Law. The research has as its core the provisions of the article 1085 of the Brazilian Civil Code, from which it examines the material and the procedural requirements for the company to use the legal tool represented by the non-judicial expel of a partner. The main purpose of such non-judicial expel is to protect the company and the continuity of its enterprise, regarding the undeniable gravity of acts committed by the minority of shareholders. This essay aims to analyse the elements that allow an understanding of the institute to facilitate and disseminate their use. For that, it is discussed in the first chapter the ethical assumptions of the limited liability companies in the Brazilian Law, with the analysis of the partners duties and the use of the company purposes as an interpretative parameter of the members conduct considering those duties. In the second chapter it is addressed the cause of the non-judicial expel of a partner in the Brazilian Civil Code. In this part of the essay, the causes of judicial and non-judicial expel of a partner will be compared to gather the elements to analyse the concept used by the article 1085 of the Brazilian Civil Code: the acts of undeniable gravity to bring the enterprise continuity into risk. In the third chapter, the requirements prior to the conclave, in which the determination of expel of a partner will be taken, are analysed. Finally, the fourth chapter examines the formal requirements concerning the conclave in which the expel of the partner will be decided.

Esta dissertação propõe-se a analisar a regulamentação da exclusão extrajudicial de sócio na sociedade empresária limitada no direito brasileiro, tendo como núcleo da pesquisa a incidência e aplicação das disposições do artigo 1.085 do Código Civil sobre o tema, a partir do qual são abordados os requisitos de ordem material e procedimental necessários para que se possa lançar mão de tal ferramenta jurídica, que tem por principal objetivo a proteção da empresa e de sua continuidade diante dos atos de inegável gravidade praticados pelos sócios minoritários. Busca-se analisar os elementos que permitam uma compreensão do instituto a fim de facilitar e disseminar sua utilização. Para tanto, aborda-se no primeiro capítulo os pressupostos deontológicos do contrato de sociedade limitada no direito brasileiro, com a análise dos deveres dos sócios e da utilização do fim social como parâmetro interpretativo da conduta dos sócios frente tais deveres. No segundo capitulo é abordada a justa causa da exclusão extrajudicial de sócio no Código Civil brasileiro, sendo realizada a apresentação das justas causas da exclusão judicial e extrajudicial de sócio, para que, posteriormente, seja abordado o conceito de atos de inegável gravidade que coloquem em risco a continuidade da empresa. No terceiro parágrafo são analisados os requisitos prévios ao conclave no qual será tomada a deliberação de exclusão de sócio. Finalmente, no quarto capítulo são abordados os requisitos formais relativos ao conclave no qual a deliberação do sócio será tomada. / This master thesis proposes to examine the regulation of the non-judicial expel of a partner from the limited liability companies in the Brazilian Law. The research has as its core the provisions of the article 1085 of the Brazilian Civil Code, from which it examines the material and the procedural requirements for the company to use the legal tool represented by the non-judicial expel of a partner. The main purpose of such non-judicial expel is to protect the company and the continuity of its enterprise, regarding the undeniable gravity of acts committed by the minority of shareholders. This essay aims to analyse the elements that allow an understanding of the institute to facilitate and disseminate their use. For that, it is discussed in the first chapter the ethical assumptions of the limited liability companies in the Brazilian Law, with the analysis of the partners duties and the use of the company purposes as an interpretative parameter of the members conduct considering those duties. In the second chapter it is addressed the cause of the non-judicial expel of a partner in the Brazilian Civil Code. In this part of the essay, the causes of judicial and non-judicial expel of a partner will be compared to gather the elements to analyse the concept used by the article 1085 of the Brazilian Civil Code: the acts of undeniable gravity to bring the enterprise continuity into risk. In the third chapter, the requirements prior to the conclave, in which the determination of expel of a partner will be taken, are analysed. Finally, the fourth chapter examines the formal requirements concerning the conclave in which the expel of the partner will be decided.

La industria del plástico ha presentado un crecimiento continuo desde su creación en los años 50. En el Perú, esta industria ha mostrado un crecimiento de su producción de 4.5% en el 2018, superando a países como Chile y México. Sin embargo, este sector presenta un déficit comercial, debido a que la demanda nacional ha superado la oferta de las empresas, quienes presentan tiempos improductivos causados por tiempos de configuración y desabastecimiento de materia prima. El objetivo del proyecto fue incrementar la utilización de la capacidad de la planta en estudio, pues su nivel de utilización de la capacidad se encontraba 8.5% por debajo del nivel promedio del sector, ocasionando pérdidas equivalentes al 6.43% de las ventas totales del año 2019, asignadas a gastos logísticos, penalizaciones y anulaciones. Por esta razón, se diseñó un modelo de gestión de la producción basado en SMED Integrado (SMED Convencional + 5´S) y sistema DDMRP bajo un enfoque Kaizen, que se validó mediante una simulación en el software Arena. Como resultado del proceso de validación se logró incrementar el nivel de utilización de la capacidad de la planta en un 4.31%, alcanzando un nivel final de 84.86%, debido a la reducción de un 60% de tiempo de setup y un 90.05% de pardas por desabastecimiento. Finalmente, este nuevo modelo que vincula las herramientas mencionadas puede ser replicado en otras empresas del sector manufacturero que presenten el mismo problema. / The plastics industry has shown continuous growth since its creation in the 1950s. In Perú, this industry has shown a growth of its production of 4.5% in 2018, surpassing countries such as Chile and Mexico. However, this sector has a trade deficit due to national demand has exceeded the supply of companies, which have unproductive times caused by set-up times and shortages of raw materials. The project´s objective was to increase the capacity utilization of the plant under study because the current level of utilization of the company's capacity was below 8.5% of the average level of the sector, causing losses equivalent to 6.43% of total sales for the year 2019, assigned to logistics expenses, penalties and cancellations. For this reason, we designed a production control model based on the integrated SMED (Conventional SMED + 5´S) and DDMRP system under a Kaizen approach, which was validated through a simulation in Arena´s software. As a result of the validation process, it was possible to increase the level of plant capacity utilization by 4.31%, reaching a final level of 84.86%, due to a 60% reduction in setup time and a 90% reduction in the stops due to shortages. Finally, this new model that links the mentioned tools can be replicated in other companies in the manufacturing sector that present the same problem. / Trabajo de investigación

No description available.

Αντικείμενο της διατριβής αποτελεί το πρόβλημα του προγραμματισμού παραγωγής και ελέγχου των αποθεμάτων των συστημάτων διακριτής παραγωγής. Στόχος της είναι να προτείνει ένα νέο σύστημα PPC (r-MRP) που θα ξεπερνά ορισμένους βασικούς περιορισμούς των MRP-based συστημάτων. Το σύστημα αυτό αναπτύχθηκε πάνω σε μία νέα μέθοδο που ενοποιεί τις λειτουργίες διαχείρισης αποθεμάτων και λεπτομερούς χρονοπρογραμματισμού σε μία ενιαία παράλληλη υπολογιστική διαδικασία (reverse MRP). Ο σχεδιασμός του προτεινόμενου συστήματος ξεπερνάει βασικές αδυναμίες των MRP-based συστημάτων, λαμβάνοντας υπόψη τους περιορισμούς δυναμικότητας των παραγωγικών πόρων, τη διακύμανση των χρόνων υστέρησης των εργασιών σε αυτούς και τις σχετικές προτεραιότητες των παραγγελιών, μέσα σε ένα περιβάλλον συνεχούς χρόνου. Επιπλέον εισάγει ένα εργαλείο αξιολόγησης και επιλογής ενός αποδοτικού συνδυασμού χρονοπρογράμματος εργοστασίου και πλάνου αποθεμάτων μέσα από ένα σύνολο διαθέσιμων και εφικτών εναλλακτικών σεναρίων. Η διαμόρφωση των εναλλακτικών αυτών σεναρίων γίνεται λαμβάνοντας κάθε φορά υπόψη τους υφιστάμενους περιορισμούς δυναμικότητας της επιχείρησης και των υλικών, καθώς και ένα σύνολο κριτηρίων, ενίοτε αλληλοσυγκρουόμενων. Τα εναλλακτικά σενάρια που σχηματίζονται αξιολογούνται μέσα από ένα σύνολο δεικτών απόδοσης τόσο χρονοπρογραμματισμού, όσο και διαχείρισης αποθεμάτων. Το προτεινόμενο σύστημα υλοποιήθηκε υπό τη μορφή πειραματικού λογισμικού, μέσα σε περιβάλλον προσομοίωσης διακριτών συμβάντων (discrete-event simulation). Η απόδοση του μελετήθηκε μέσα από την πιλοτική εφαρμογή του σε μία τυπική κλωστοϋφαντουργική μονάδα και βρέθηκε να υπερτερεί σε συγκεκριμένες περιπτώσεις της υπολογιστικής διαδικασίας ενός τυπικού συστήματος MRPII, όσον αφορά ένα σύνολο δεικτών απόδοσης χρονοπρογραμματισμού και διαχείρισης αποθεμάτων. Το προτεινόμενο σύστημα r-MRP θα μπορούσε να ενσωματωθεί σε ένα MRP-based σύστημα ως ένα διασυνδεόμενο υποσύστημα (module) υποστήριξης της λειτουργίας προγραμματισμού παραγωγής και ελέγχου αποθεμάτων. / This thesis discusses the design of a production planning and control system (PPC) for discrete manufacturing environments, referred to as r-MRP. The proposed approach operates under the framework of hierarchical finite capacity shop-floor modelling and discrete-event simulation. It overcomes some of the main deficiencies of MRP-based systems by considering capacity constraints, lead times fluctuations, lot sizing and priority control in a ‘bucket-less’ environment. The r-MRP system was developed based on a new method that integrates shop scheduling and material planning in a simultaneous computational process (reverse MRP). Under this methodology, material and capacity constraints are considered, together with a number of conflicting planning criteria, in a continuous time environment. Lead times are dynamically calculated variables, based on actual loads in each workcenter. A number of alternative feasible shop schedule and material plan combinations are formed in real time. The r-MRP system was implemented as an experimental software tool. Its performance has been evaluated in a case study of a textile company with ‘real life’ data. When studied through a set of simulation experiments it has been found to outperform standard MRPII system in cases of short production times, high value inventory items and frequent, small deliveries by suppliers, in terms of a number of scheduling and inventory performance indicators. The r-MRP tool can be incorporated in legacy IT systems as an interfaced functional module.

Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) have grown steadily in recent years.  SMEs generate 59.7 % of value-added and 65.5 % of employment in the ‘non-financial business economy’ in Sweden. It's important for the success of SMEs to be ready to provide high product availability to customers at minimal operation costs. The challenges faced by SMEs are tougher in global competition. There is a rapid growth in the industrial revolution to deal with the challenges as well as competition. This work mainly focuses on implementing resource planning (RP) and adapting to the latest technologies of Industry 4.0 into SMEs to face the challenges. But incorporating Industry 4.0 in a major struggle in the SMEs.  The thesis provides a view of Resource Planning implementation. The authors describe the resource planning implementation techniques and define the requirements for its successful implementation. Resource Planning (RP) adoption factors have been studied quite extensively over the years. However, this master thesis tries to investigate the less explored area of resource planning. Relatively a smaller amount of research has been conducted, when it comes to implementation of Industry 4.0 technologies especially in Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs).  Industry 4.0 provides new paradigms for the industrial management of SMEs. Supported by a growing number of new technologies, this concept appears more flexible and less expensive than traditional enterprise information systems. This paper presents a literature review of existing applied research covering different Industry 4.0 issues about SMEs. Furthermore, the analysis is done to understand the correlation between the identified factors of Industry 4.0 technologies. The research findings indicate that the use of IoT and Cloud computing are major advantages for resource planning in an SME. The results from the analysis are presented in a framework designed for the future adaptation of these technologies. Despite the research limitations, the findings show a high advantage. Finally, the author suggests a future scope of research.

H διατριβή διερευνά προβλήματα αποδοτικής οργάνωσης χωροταξικών δεδομένων, προτείνει συγκεκριμένες δενδρικές δομές για τη διαχείρισή τους και, τέλος, δίνει παραδείγματα χρήσης τους σε ειδικές περιοχές εφαρμογών. Το πρώτο κεφάλαιο ασχολείται με το γεωμετρικό πρόβλημα της εύρεσης των ισo-προσανατολισμένων ορθογωνίων που περικλείουν ένα query αντικείμενο που μπορεί να είναι ένα ισο-προσανατολισμένο ορθογώνιο είτε σημείο ή κάθετο / οριζόντιο ευθύγραμμο τμήμα. Για την επίλυσή του προτείνεται μια πολυεπίπεδη δενδρική δομή που βελτιώνει τις πολυπλοκότητες των προηγούμενων καλύτερων λύσεων. Το δεύτερο κεφάλαιο εξετάζει το πρόβλημα της ανάκτησης σημείων σε πολύγωνα. H προτεινόμενη γεωμετρική δομή είναι επίσης πολυεπίπεδη και αποδοτική όταν το query πολύγωνο έχει συγκεκριμένες ιδιότητες. Το τρίτο κεφάλαιο ασχολείται με την εφαρμογή δενδρικών δομών σε δύο βιομηχανικά προβλήματα. Το πρώτο αφορά στη μείωση της πολυπλοκότητας ανίχνευσης συγκρούσεων κατά την κίνηση ενός ρομποτικού βραχίονα σε μια επίπεδη σκηνή με εμπόδια. Ο αλγόριθμος επίλυσης κάνει χρήση μιας ουράς προτεραιότητας και μιας UNION-FIND δομής ενώ αξιοποιεί γνωστές δομές και αλγόριθμους της Υπολογιστικής Γεωμετρίας όπως υπολογισμός κυρτών καλυμμάτων, έλεγχος polygon inclusion, κλπ. Το δεύτερο πρόβλημα ασχολείται με το σχεδιασμό απαιτήσεων υλικών (MRP) σε ένα βιομηχανικό σύστημα παραγωγής. Για το σκοπό αυτό αναπτύχθηκε ένας MRP επεξεργαστής που χρησιμοποιεί διασυνδεμένες λίστες και εκτελείται στην κύρια μνήμη για να είναι αποδοτικός. Το τελευταίο κεφάλαιο εξετάζει το πρόβλημα του ελέγχου της παραγωγής και συγκεκριμένα της δρομολόγησης εργασιών. Στο πλαίσιο αυτό σχεδιάστηκε και υλοποιήθηκε ένα ευφυές σύστημα δρομολόγησης σε περιβάλλον ροής που συνδυάζει γνωσιακή τεχνολογία και προσομοίωση με on-line έλεγχο προκειμένου να υποστηρίξει το διευθυντή παραγωγής στη λήψη αποφάσεων. / Τhe dissertation examines problems of efficient organization of spatial data, proposes specific tree structures for their management, and finally, gives examples of their use in specific application areas. The first chapter is about the problem of finding the iso-oriented rectangles that enclose a query object which can be an iso-oriented rectangle either a point or a vertical / horizontal line segment. A multilevel tree structure is proposed to solve the problem which improves the complexities of the best previous known solutions. The second chapter examines the problem of point retrieval on polygons. The proposed geometric structure is also multileveled and efficient when the query polygon has specific properties. The third chapter is about the application of tree structures in two manufacturing problems. The first one concerns the reduction in the complexity of collision detection as a robotic arm moves on a planar scene with obstacles. For the solution a priority queue and a UNION-FIND structure are used, whereas known data structures and algorithms of Computational Geometry such as construction of convex hulls, polygon inclusion testing, etc. are applied. The second problem is about material requirements planning (MRP) in a manufacturing production system. To this end an MRP processor was developed, which uses linked lists and runs in main memory to retain efficiency. The last chapter examines the production control problem, and more specifically the job scheduling problem. In this context, an intelligent scheduling system was designed and developed for flow shop production control which combines knowledge-based technology and simulation with on-line control in order to support the production manager in decision making.