Please read the abstract in the dissertation.pdf of this document / Dissertation (MEng (Industrial Engineering))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / Industrial and Systems Engineering / MEng / unrestricted

The aim of this diploma thesis is to analyze the chosen logistics parameters in the process of purchasing of input materials on a particular company economy and their mathematical modelling. Graphical and mathematical outputs will be created in the computer system Maple.

PhD (Public Administration) / Department of Public and Development Administration

Thesis is submitted in partial fulfilment for the degree of Master of Science (Building) in Construction Project Management to the Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, School of Construction Economics and Management at the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2017 / There is a problem of construction waste on construction sites. However, there are various strategies that can be employed; not only on construction sites, but generally on construction projects from the inception of the project to manage construction waste more effectively. Construction waste management can loosely be defined as a function of controlling waste on construction projects to limit its generation and disposal but enhance reduce and recycling. Construction waste mainly arises from design changes, poor choice of construction materials, improper material specifications, inappropriate strategies employed or wrong strategies implemented; leading to poor management of waste on construction projects. Construction waste can be ‘physical’ or ‘non-physical’. Physical construction waste refers to tangible solid waste of materials emanating from construction activities. Non-physical waste pertains to waste of time and project funds in the form of unnecessary expenditure. The aim of this study is to identify waste management strategies utilized on construction sites in Gauteng. Pertinent literature provided a basis of the study. A cross-sectional survey using three construction sites in Gauteng: an office building project, a road project and a civil works project was adopted. The most common strategies were found to be –proper selection of construction materials, proper planning and logical sequencing of construction work activities on a project. There is a variety of branded materials hence the need for proper selection of materials. Further, there are a lot of factors that influence the flow of work activities hence the requirement to keep track and plan activities accordingly to counter distortions. It is acknowledged that strategies found to be common in Gauteng are basic techniques in controlling construction waste generation and the results tied back to the literature. It was established that technological tools like Building Information Modeling are not yet common in Gauteng. Improvements on usage of prefabricated components and offsite manufacturing of components is recommended to stakeholders of the construction industry. It is also logical to conclude that waste management strategies employed on construction sites in Gauteng are anchored on factors of economic viability and government policies. In their quest to make projects profitable and in their efforts to make construction projects compliant to regulations, as a result, construction contractors achieve reductions in waste generation on construction projects. Therefore what the study found out are mainly practices that could, in addition to achieving primary aim, contribute to waste reduction. These strategies identified are implemented primarily to achieve time, cost and quality objectives and thus indirectly waste reduction. / MT2018

The South African automotive industry has experienced significant changes in the last 20 years. Globalisation, the implementation of lean production and the development of modularisation have had a profound influence on the relationships between original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and their suppliers, the automotive component manufacturers (ACMs), and their suppliers. South Africa has a number of OEMs and a vibrant automotive component manufacturing industry (ACM), which supplies the South African aftermarket and a spread of export markets. These ACMs are the focus of this study. The main objective of this research study was to identify the supply chain management problems ACMs in South Africa encounter, to what extent they face these problems and how these can be overcome. The problems were identified through a literature review and interviews with two OEMs in South Africa. Using this data a questionnaire was compiled and sent to all NAACAM members for completion. This study is by nature descriptive and exploratory and contains quantitative and qualitative elements. Seven hypotheses were formulated to guide the research. The findings of this research indicate that the geographic location, age and size of the business, have no bearing on the supply chain problems ACMs face, whist the relationship between ACMs and their suppliers and ACMs and their customers is a significant problem. The findings also indicate that the following are some of the main supply chain problems facing ACMs: pressure by OEMs to reduce prices; the price of materials; cancellation of orders; excessive inventory; the unreliability of rail transport and rail capacity problems; the high cost of South African ports; the cost of replacing outdated technology; and BBBEE – achieving and verifying BEE scorecards. The findings further indicate a lack of skills and labour problems, both of which are time consuming to resolve. This study was completed over a four-year period. At the commencement of this study the automotive industry was booming, but in mid-2008, a global economic crisis started. This crisis impacted adversely on the automotive industry globally and in South Africa. Despite these challenges, leaders in the South African automotive component industry remain positive about the future. This study was completed over a four-year period. At the commencement of this study the automotive industry was booming, but in mid-2008, a global economic crisis started. This crisis impacted adversely on the automotive industry globally and in South Africa. Despite these challenges, leaders in the South African automotive component industry remain positive about the future. / Business Management / D. Comm. (Business Management)

Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-03T18:33:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Danilo_Dupas_Ribeiro.pdf: 1820309 bytes, checksum: 284b9ae7e8a5bcb9a76d528a31c38230 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-05-09 / The complexity of information and its computerization generate large changes in the development of knowledge. In this scenario, the Purchasing area has undergone significant changes and have been considered strategic in many organizations. Depending on the company size and market segment, it is estimated that total spending by companies with purchases ranging from 50 % to 80 % of gross revenue. Therefore, reductions in the cost of acquisitions impacting significantly on the financial results of the company. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the evolution of the shopping area in organizations, to present some concepts, analyze the influence of electronic trading in the percentage of annual gross revenue that is committed to purchasing products and contracting services, candor procurement processes, lead time internal customer service and the risk of diversion, embezzlement and fraud in procurement transactions. Due the educational segment undergoing a process of expansion in course offerings and improving quality of service, it was possible to associate it with the theories discussed on increasing market competitiveness and the need to improve processes on purchases. Three Institutions of Higher Education (IHE) that use the same Electronic Trading System (ETS) were selected because the aim was to analyze the effectiveness of using the tool before the events described in this study. The study combines the support of ETS in organizations before the stimulation and complexity of information, which directly affect the management of companies. After analysis of the research, it is evident that the ETS is an essential tool in the development of purchasing processes, new methods of negotiation and governance / A complexidade das informa????es e sua informatiza????o geram grandes mudan??as no desenvolvimento do conhecimento. Neste cen??rio, a ??rea de Compras passou por transforma????es significativas, vindo a ser considerada estrat??gica em muitas organiza????es. Dependendo do tamanho da empresa e setor, calcula-se que o total gasto pelas empresas com compras varia de 50% a 80% da receita bruta. Portanto, redu????es no custo das aquisi????es repercutem de forma significativa no resultado financeiro da empresa. O prop??sito deste trabalho ?? analisar a evolu????o da ??rea de compras nas organiza????es, apresentar alguns conceitos, analisar a influ??ncia das negocia????es eletr??nicas no percentual do faturamento bruto anual que ?? comprometido com compra de produtos e contrata????o de servi??os, lisura nos processos de compras, tempo de processamento do pedido ao cliente interno e o risco de ocorr??ncia de desvios, desfalques e fraudes nas transa????es de compras. Devido ao segmento educacional passar por um processo de expans??o na oferta de cursos e na melhora da qualidade do servi??o prestado, foi poss??vel associ??-lo com as teorias abordadas sobre a crescente competitividade no mercado e a necessidade de aprimorar os processos em compras. Foram selecionadas tr??s Institui????es de Ensino Superior (IES) privadas que utilizam o mesmo Sistema Eletr??nico de Negocia????o (SEN), pois o objetivo foi analisar a efetividade da utiliza????o da ferramenta perante as hip??teses descritas neste estudo. O estudo associa o suporte do SEN nas organiza????es perante a dinamiza????o e a complexidade da informa????o, que afetam diretamente na gest??o das empresas. Ap??s an??lise da pesquisa, fica evidente que o SEN ?? uma ferramenta essencial no desenvolvimento dos processos de compras, novos m??todos de negocia????o e governan??a

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2015-05-04T18:42:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Clayton Moraes.pdf: 1030173 bytes, checksum: 1d93c460abbbbe47ccf71647da2775b1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-04T18:42:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Clayton Moraes.pdf: 1030173 bytes, checksum: 1d93c460abbbbe47ccf71647da2775b1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-01-17 / Nenhuma / A análise dos modos de falhas e efeitos (FMEA) na área da saúde vem sendo buscada por gestores, desse segmento de prestação de serviços, como uma forma consistente de se trabalhar eventos adversos antes que os mesmos aconteçam ou tenham um impacto direto sobre a assistência dos pacientes. Um dos processos de trabalhos desses ambientes é a prática médica com órteses, próteses e materiais especiais (OPME), que acontece invariavelmente dentro de áreas críticas das instituições de saúde, podendo ser desencadeadora de riscos assistenciais aos pacientes. O processo de OPME é crítico desde a definição dos materiais indicados para a intervenção, passando pelos processos administrativos de orçamentos e autorizações, pelas ações assistenciais de solicitação, recebimento, preparo e finalizando na utilização desse insumo. Assim sendo, todo esse processo deve estar plenamente ajustado e adequado para atender as necessidades específicas de cada usuário. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar as falhas potenciais no processo de OPME através da utilização da metodologia FMEA em um hospital de grande porte de Porto Alegre . A fim de atingir esse objetivo se formou um grupo de avaliação para revisão e redefinição do fluxograma do processo de OPME e após levantamento de modos de falhas em cada etapa desse processo. Foram verificadas ao todo 16 falhas nas etapas e a partir delas, foram levantadas 19 possíveis causas para sua ocorrência, bem como oito efeitos potenciais das falhas sobre a assistência dos pacientes. Após esse levantamento o grupo classificou o índice de risco, conforme a gravidade, ocorrência e detecção de falha, para cada efeito elencado e foram levantadas ações passíveis de implementação com vistas a redução do risco assistencial representados por falhas no processo de OPME. Entende-se que esse estudo possa auxiliar instituições hospitalares na implantação de ações para redução do risco assistencial aos pacientes imputado por falhas no processo de OPME. / The failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) in heal thcare area is being sought by managers that service segment as a consistent way to work adverse events before they happen or have a direct impact on the patient care. One of these processes work environments is the medical practice with orthosis, prostheses and special materials, that happens invariably within critical areas of health institutions, can be a trigger for patient care risks. The orthosis, prostheses and special materials process is critical since definition materials indicated for the intervention, passing by the administrative processes of budgets and authorizations, care actions by request, receipt, preparation and finishing in the use of these materials. Thus, the entire process should be fully adjusted and suited to attend the specific needs of each user. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential flaws in the orthosis, prostheses and special materials process through the use of FMEA methodology. In order to achieve this goal it has formed an analysis group for review and redefinition of the flowchart of orthosis, prostheses and special materials and after survey of failure modes at each stage of that process. 16 failures in the steps were observed in all and from those, 19 were raised possible causes for their occurrence, as well as 8 potential effects of failures on the patients care. Following this survey group rated the risk index, depending on the severity, occurrence and detection of failure for each part listed effect and actions capable of implementation in order to reduce healthcare risk represented by failures in the orthosis, prostheses and special materials process were raised. It understands that this study may assist hospitals in implementing actions to reduce risk to patients care imputed by orthosis, prostheses and special materials flaws in the process.

published_or_final_version / Computer Science and Information Systems / Master / Master of Philosophy

Thesis (PhD)--Macquarie University, Macquarie Graduate School of Management, 2001. / Bibliography: leaves 288-310. / Introduction -- Introduction to research problem and methodology -- Study context -- Theoretical framework - Review of the literature -- Study design and methods -- Study sites, surgical procedures, and labour input to surgical production -- New intra-operative artefacts: goals, choices and consequences -- Conclusion. / Surgical technologies since the late 1980s have undergone substantial innovations that have involved ...the adoption of new machines, instruments, and related surgical materials... referred to throughtout this thesis as intra-operative artefacts... typically represents a commitment of substantial financial resources by the hospitals concerned. However, little is documented about the process whereby the decisions are made to adopt new intra-operative artefacts, and no previous research appears to have explored the work-related consequences of new intra-operative artefact adoption within operating theatre services. This thesis explores the reasons why new intra-operative artefacts are adopted, how the decisions are made, who are the participants in the decsion process and what are the expected and actual organisational consequences of new intra-operative artefact adoption. / Electronic reproduction. / xii, 347 leaves, bound : / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Also available in print form

The performance of small businesses contribute substantially to the South African economy. In recent years the South African Government has prioritised the development of township retail industries by implementing numerous initiatives. The primary objective of this study was to determine how formal independent small retail businesses in Soweto manage their logistical supply chain drivers, namely facilities, inventory and transportation, in terms of responsiveness and cost-efficiency in order to survive. The logistical supply chain drivers should not only be managed as a cohesive unit, but also be aligned with the orientation of the selected supply chain strategy, in terms of responsiveness and cost-efficiency. During 2014, a quantitative survey was conducted among 650 formal independent small Sowetan businesses of which the responses of 556 retailers were analysed in terms of responsiveness and cost-efficiency. The study also investigated the role of the relevant industry group in the management of the logistical supply chain drivers by the business owners. The data was analysed and tested by the Kruskal-Wallis test, the Pearson Chi-square test and factor analyses were performed. Two binary logistic regression models were developed to determine the influence of the management of the logistical supply chain drivers on the small retailers’ odds of survival. The results showed that the small retailers manage facilities and inventory focused more towards responsiveness, whereas transportation is managed focused on either cost-efficiency or responsiveness. The study concluded that age and growth in income can predict the odds of survival for small businesses. / Business Management / M. Com. (Business Management)