Submitted by Lara Oliveira (lara@ufersa.edu.br) on 2017-06-27T19:19:52Z No. of bitstreams: 1 VictorRLO_DISSERT.pdf: 1864412 bytes, checksum: 5110310795a99006bc86a9720eaeb5a4 (MD5) / Rejected by Vanessa Christiane (referencia@ufersa.edu.br), reason: corrigir referência on 2017-07-03T12:20:39Z (GMT) / Submitted by Lara Oliveira (lara@ufersa.edu.br) on 2017-07-04T16:12:59Z No. of bitstreams: 1 VictorRLO_DISSERT.pdf: 1864412 bytes, checksum: 5110310795a99006bc86a9720eaeb5a4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Vanessa Christiane (referencia@ufersa.edu.br) on 2017-07-04T16:57:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 VictorRLO_DISSERT.pdf: 1864412 bytes, checksum: 5110310795a99006bc86a9720eaeb5a4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Vanessa Christiane (referencia@ufersa.edu.br) on 2017-07-04T17:03:07Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 VictorRLO_DISSERT.pdf: 1864412 bytes, checksum: 5110310795a99006bc86a9720eaeb5a4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-04T17:03:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 VictorRLO_DISSERT.pdf: 1864412 bytes, checksum: 5110310795a99006bc86a9720eaeb5a4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-05-11 / The development of biodegradable coatings has been potentially discussed due to the exacerbated use of petrochemical polymers, and their non-biodegradable load has been aggravating serious environmental problems. Furthermore the growing worldwide demand for health improvement has reached an interest in technological solutions capable of offering means of conservation and reduction of the metabolic activity of fruits and vegetables to preserve their numerous nutrients effectively for long periods of storage. Biopolymers, which are the polymeric base of the coating, add several positive points: they are attractive for their renewable characteristics, abundance, low cost and easy access in the semi-arid region. The coatings were synthesized by the casting method with three polymer bases: corn starch (3%), cassava starch (2%) and gelatin (5%); beeswax was added as a hydrophobic agent in the polymeric network at different concentrations relative to the dry biopolymer base (0%, 5% and 10%). The effect of the incorporation of the beeswax on the barrier properties was evaluated and the biofilm was determined with the best characteristics for coating in "Paluma" guavas, with a significant difference (p <0.05) in the addition of beeswax in cassava starch films 2%. The surface roughness and the contact angle of the systems containing beeswax indicated the hydrophobic behavior of the films. This was also confirmed by the water vapor transfer rate and solubility and led to a significant improvement in the elasticity of biofilms. "Paluma" guavas were harvested at physiological maturity and selected for the uniformity f shell color and absence of defects, were covered by the casting method with filmogenic solution of cassava starch, cassava starch with the addition of beeswax and uncoated, and then conditioned in regulated chamber at 15 ± 2 ° C and 90% -95% RH for 15 days. The physicochemical and sensorial analyzes showed that the use of the filmogenic solution of cassava starch with the addition of beeswax delayed the loss of chlorophyll and maintained a good maturation index, and consequently increased the shelf life of the guavas. The sensorial attributes: aroma, texture, acceptance and purchase intention, indicated a better acceptability of the fruits with cassava starch coating with addition of beeswax, demonstrating the commercial potential of this cover / O desenvolvimento de coberturas biodegradáveis tem sido potencialmente discutido devido ao uso exacerbado de polímeros petroquímicos, e sua carga não-biodegradável, alavancando graves problemas ambientais. Além disso, a crescente demanda mundial em busca de melhoria da saúde tem alcançado interesse em soluções tecnológicas capazes de oferecer meios de conservação e redução da atividade metabólica dos frutos e hortaliças para preservar seus inúmeros nutrientes de forma eficaz por períodos longos de armazenamento. Os biopolímeros, que são a base polimérica das coberturas propostos nesse trabalho, agregam diversos pontos positivos: são atrativos por suas características renováveis, de abundância, baixo custo e fácil acesso na região do semiárido. Foram sintetizadas coberturas a base de amido de milho (3%), fécula de mandioca (2%) e gelatina (5%); cera de abelha foi adicionada como agente hidrofóbico na rede polimérica em concentrações diferentes em relação à base seca de biopolímero (0%, 5% e 10%). O efeito da incorporação da cera de abelha sobre as propriedades de barreira foi avaliado e elegeu-se o biofilme com as melhores características para cobertura em goiabas “Paluma”. Propriedades mecânicas, de barreira, estruturais, de cor e térmicas foram analisadas. A rugosidade superficial e o ângulo de contato dos sistemas contendo cera de abelha indicaram o comportamento hidrofóbico dos filmes; isto também foi confirmado pela taxa de transferência de vapor de água e solubilidade, e levou a uma importante melhoria na elasticidade dos biofilmes. Goiabas “Paluma”, colhidas na maturidade fisiológica e selecionadas quanto a uniformidade de cor da casca e ausência de defeitos, foram cobertas, pelo método casting, com solução filmogênica de fécula de mandioca, fécula de mandioca com adição de cera de abelha e sem cobertura, e então acondicionadas em câmara regulada para 15ºC±2ºC e 90%-95% UR, durante 15 dias. As análises físico-químicas e sensoriais evidenciaram que o uso da solução filmogênicas de fécula de mandioca com adição de cera de abelha retardou a perda de clorofila e manteve bom índice de maturação, e consequentemente aumentou o tempo de vida útil das goiabas. Os atributos sensoriais: aroma, textura, aceitação e intenção de compra, apontaram melhor aceitabilidade dos frutos revestidos com fécula de mandioca com adição de cera de abelha, demonstrando potencial comercial desta cobertura / 2017-06-27

Submitted by JÚLIO HEBER SILVA (julioheber@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-02-08T12:09:10Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Jordana Moura Caetano - 2017.pdf: 1316232 bytes, checksum: 3ad854051d9dbce860e70eef1a19ac7a (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Liliane Ferreira (ljuvencia30@gmail.com) on 2018-02-08T12:45:52Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Jordana Moura Caetano - 2017.pdf: 1316232 bytes, checksum: 3ad854051d9dbce860e70eef1a19ac7a (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-08T12:45:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Jordana Moura Caetano - 2017.pdf: 1316232 bytes, checksum: 3ad854051d9dbce860e70eef1a19ac7a (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-14 / Brazil is the worlds largest producer of sugarcane and its derivatives (sugar and ethanol). Due to the growing demand of these products, there has been a constant expansion of land with sugarcane in the country, mainly in the state of Goiás, which currently has the second largest harvest and production crop area countrywide. Considering its complex production system, which involves different growing environments (climate and soil), the characterization of the growth, development and maturation of sugarcane is one of the most fundamental aspects for determining the quality and quantification of the raw material, besides assisting in the planning of harvesting activities. In tropical (hot) regions, such as midwest Goiás, the reduction of grown and development rates and the process of accumulation in soluble solids of stems occurs mainly as a function of soil water deficit and atmospheric water demand. The quantification of these responses from the crop to the environment can be estimated by mathematical models generated as a function of agrometeorological and soil water variables. A mathematical model was used as a tool for estimating grown development and plant production, also the agricultural sector has benefited from these models of crop forecasting. However, the estimate of soluble solids accumulation in sugarcane still requires studies since the knowledge of the procedure that involves interaction of the agrometeorological conditions and the physiological responses of the crop is insufficient. Thus, the objectives of this research were: characterization of the biometric behavior and soluble solids content of sugarcane in response to the natural environment and soil conditions of the midwest region of Goiás, identification of the water depth in the soil that causes the reduction of growth rates and development of the crops that contributes to the accumulation of soluble solids in the stems, creation of empirical models for the determination of biometric parameters and the soluble solids content of the plant in response to the growing time and agrometeorological variables, elaboration of multiple linear regression models of soluble solids content, (°Brix) and total recoverable sugars (ATR, kg t-1 ) due to the agrometeorological variables and water depth in the soil to obtain the estimation errors of the models and their validation. The following shows the research stucture: after the general introduction and bibliographic review on the subject, the first article presents the characterization and trend of behavior of the grown and development of sugarcane for the environment conditions and soil water table in midwest Goiás, and the second article shows agrometeorological models generated for the estimation of soluble solids (°Brix) and total recoverable sugars (ATR, kg t-1 ) in order to use them as an alternative of estimation in crop environments similar to the conditions that were generated. / O Brasil é o maior produtor mundial de cana-de-açúcar e de seus derivados (açúcar e etanol). Devido à crescente demanda por estes produtos, vem sendo observada a constante expansão das áreas com cultivo da cana-de-açúcar no país, principalmente no Estado de Goiás, que atualmente possui a segunda maior área colhida e produção da cultura no país. Considerando esse complexo sistema de produção, do qual envolvem diferentes ambientes de cultivo (clima e solo), a caracterização do crescimento, desenvolvimento e maturação da cana-de-açúcar é um dos aspectos fundamentais para a determinação da qualidade e quantificação da matéria-prima, além auxiliar no planejamento das atividades de colheita. Em regiões tropicais (quentes), como é o caso do centro-oeste goiano, a redução das taxas de crescimento e desenvolvimento e o processo de acúmulo de sacarose nos colmos ocorre, principalmente, em função do déficit hídrico do solo e demanda hídrica atmosférica. A quantificação dessas respostas da cultura ao ambiente pode ser estimada por meio de modelos matemáticos gerados em função de variáveis agrometeorológicas e da água no solo. A modelagem matemática vem sendo utilizada como ferramenta para a estimativa do crescimento, desenvolvimento e produção vegetal e o setor agrícola tem sido beneficiado com estes modelos de previsão de safra. Contudo, a estimativa do acúmulo de sacarose na cana-de-açúcar ainda demanda de estudos, visto que o conhecimento que se tem dos processos que envolvem a interação das condições agrometeorológicas e as respostas fisiológicas da cultura ainda é insuficiente. Desta forma, os objetivos desse estudo foram: caracterizar o comportamento biométrico e de teor de sólidos solúveis da cana-de-açúcar em resposta às condições de ambiente e solo naturais do centro-oeste goiano, identificar a lâmina de água no solo que gera a redução das taxas de crescimento e desenvolvimento da cultura e que contribui para o acúmulo de sacarose nos colmos, gerar modelos empíricos de determinação de parâmetros biométricos e teor de sólidos solúveis da planta em resposta ao tempo de cultivo e a variáveis agrometeorológicas, elaborar modelos de regressão linear múltipla de estimativa do teor de sólidos solúveis (°Brix) e açúcares totais recuperáveis (ATR, kg t-1 ) em função de variáveis agrometeorológicas e lâmina de água no solo e obter os erros de estimativa dos modelos e realização de sua validação. A estrutura do trabalho é a seguinte: após a introdução geral e revisão bibliográfica sobre o tema, no primeiro artigo é apresentada a caracterização e tendência de comportamento do crescimento e desenvolvimento da cana-de-açúcar para as condições de ambiente e lâmina de água no solo do centro-oeste goiano; e no segundo artigo são apresentados modelos agrometeorológicos gerados para a estimativa do teor de sólidos solúveis (°Brix) e açúcares totais recuperáveis (ATR, kg t-1 ) de forma a utilizá-los como alternativa de estimação em ambientes de cultivo semelhantes às condições em que foram gerados.

Detta kandidatexamensarbete är en förstudie utfört på Cementa AB:s fabrik i Slite, Gotland, och grundar sig i att Cementa AB, Sveriges enda tillverkare av cement, står inför en omställning till helhetskonceptet Industri 4.0 som bygger på tekniker och principer för automation och digitalisering. Fabriken står även inför en hållbarhetsomställning, då branschen bidrar med stora koldioxidutsläpp genom sin tillverkning. Målet med kandidatexamensarbetet är att analyseravar Cementa AB står inför en Industri 4.0 omställning och även undersöka om det har någon koppling till deras hållbarhetsarbete. För att kunna avgöra utgångsläget för fabriken har studien konstruerat och använt sig av en mognadsmodell som bedömer vart företaget står inför en framtida omställning. Mognadsmodellen baseras på fem olika mognadsmodeller och innehåller dimensionerna Produktion, Teknik, Strategi, R&amp;D, HR, Ledarskap, Kultur och Standardisering. Undersökningen av företagets mognad genomfördes med hjälp av en enkät, som distribuerades till fabrikens alla avdelningar. Svarsfrekvensen var på 82%. Enkätens frågor har svarsalternativ som är bedömda med poäng där lägst poäng innebär frånvaro av Industri 4.0 och högsta poäng innebär mognad inom Industri 4.0. Till varje dimensions mognad beräknades ett mognadsindex. Resultatet av enkäten analyserades med avseende på vardera dimensions avvikande mognadsobjekt för att belysa styrkor samt se potentialen inom varje dimension. Dimensionerna med lägst mognadsindex var HR och Strategi. Fabrikens totala mognad inom Industri 4.0 beräknas till nivån Existens som innebär att företaget har ett påbörjat arbete inom Industri 4.0 men saknar strategi, målbild och plan för vidare arbete. För att ytterligare belysa fabrikens möjligheter konstrueras en lista med de frågor som har störst potential. I denna lista belyses dimensionerna Strategi och Ledarskap som mest frekvent återkommande och med det anses arbetet med strategi och ledning fundamental för omställningens existens. Detta gäller även kopplingen till hållbarhetsarbetet, då ett tydligt fokus på hållbarhetsaspekterna kopplat med Industri 4.0-teknologier ger synergieffekter som hjälper varandra. Studien rekommenderar företaget i ett första skede att initiera en tvärfunktionell arbetsgrupp på ledningsnivå som har som uppgift att driva omställningen och fokuserar i ett första stadie på strategi och ledning. Sedan rekommenderar studien också att företaget i valfri ordning utvecklar enkäten för vidare uppföljning och kartläggning, jämföra sig med liknande fabriker, etablera samarbeten mellan företag, akademi och leverantörer, utforma en Roadmap för företaget och dess avdelningar samt fortsätta digitalisera verksamhetens system och strukturer. / This bachelor thesis is a case study that has been carried out at Cementa AB’s factory in Slite, Gotland, and targeted the Cementa AB’s future adaption to the concept Industry 4.0 which is based on techniques and principles for automation and digitalization. The factory is also facing a sustainability change, as the industry contributes to large carbon dioxide emissions through its manufacturing. The aim of the bachelor’s degree project is to analyze where Cementa AB is facing an Industry 4.0 transition and also to investigate whether it has any connection to their sustainability work. To be able to determine the starting position for the factory, the study has constructed and used a maturity model that assesses where the company is facing a future transition. The maturity model is based on five different maturity models and contains the dimensions Production, Technology, Strategy, R&amp;D, HR, Leadership, Culture and Standardization. The study of the company's maturity was conducted by means of a survey, which was distributed to all the departments of the factory. The response rate was 82%. The survey's questions have response alternatives that are assessed with points where the lowest score means Absence of Industry 4.0 and highest score means Maturity within Industry 4.0. For each dimension maturity, a maturity index was calculated. The results of the survey were analyzed with respect to the different maturity objects of each dimension in order to highlight strengths and see the potential within each dimension. The dimensions with the lowest maturity index were HR and Strategy. The factory's total maturity in Industry 4.0 is calculated to the Existence level, which means that the company has started work in Industry 4.0 but lacks strategy, goals and plans for further work. To further clarify the factory's possibilities, a list of the issues with the greatest potential is constructed. In this list, the dimensions Strategy and Leadership are highlighted as the most frequent recurring, and with this the work with strategy and leadership is considered fundamental to the existence of the transition. This also applies to the link to sustainability work, as a clear focus on the sustainability aspects linked to Industry 4.0 technologies produces synergies that help each other. The study recommends the company, in a first stage, to initiate a cross-functional working group at management level which has the task of driving the transition and focuses in a first stage on strategy and management. The study also recommends that the company in any arrangements develops the survey for further follow-up and mapping, compares itself with similar factories, establishes collaborations between companies, academia and suppliers, design a roadmap for the company and its departments, and continue to digitize the company's systems and structures.