Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-05-12T13:15:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Mônica Soares Stacheski.pdf: 20430811 bytes, checksum: e8a855e80c376c2b39448d517600276c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-12T13:15:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Mônica Soares Stacheski.pdf: 20430811 bytes, checksum: e8a855e80c376c2b39448d517600276c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-17 / Antidotarium Nicolai is a collection of recipes of composite medicines probably written about 1180 in Salerno, southern Italy, was related to the medical literary movement originated in the School of Salerno. Its author remains unknown, although the manuscript begins stating “Ego, Nicolaus” (I, Nicholas). It was written for the author’s colleagues, i.e., practicing doctors, or students as a practical book on the preparation of medicines. Copied in hundreds of manuscripts and printed as incunabula and books, Antidotarium Nicolai circulated across medical schools outside Italy starting at the end of the 13th century. It was included both officially and unofficially in the syllabus of European university courses along the Middle Ages and modern times. The present study discusses the historical-social context, secondary literature and primary sources closest to Antidotarium Nicolai and analyzes its content from the perspective of history of science / O Antidotarium Nicolai é uma coleção de receitas de medicamentos compostos, redigido provavelmente perto de 1180, na cidade de Salerno, no sul da península itálica e conexo ao movimento literário médico da Escola de Salerno. De autoria desconhecida, apesar do autor escrever “Ego, Nicolaus” (Eu, Nicolau), essa obra surgiu da solicitação de colegas praticantes de medicina ou discípulos, no sentido de elaborar uma obra prática sobre a produção de medicamentos. Copiado em centenas de manuscritos, impresso em incunábulos e livros, o Antidotarium Nicolai circulou em escolas médicas estrangeiras a partir do final do século XIII. Fez parte de currículos universitários de forma oficial e extraoficial pela Europa medieval e moderna. O presente estudo averigua o contexto histórico-social, a literatura secundária e as fontes primárias temporalmente mais próximas da origem, e faz uma análise da obra da perspectiva da história da ciência

La thèse a pour objet la culture juive à Candie au cours des XIVe-XVIe siècles et, en particulier, l’influence exercée par la culture et les traditions des juifs sépharades et ashkénazes, qui s’établirent sur l’île dès la moitié du quatorzième siècle. La thèse se base d’un côté sur des sources administratives et notariales et, de l’autre, sur les manuscrits hébreux produits à Candie ou apportés là-bas par les immigrés pendant la période considérée. Le premier chapitre porte sur la communauté juive de Candie dans la première moitié du XVIe siècle, et fournit de nouvelles informations à l’égard de la situation du quartier juif, de ses synagogues, de sa composition sociale, de sa démographie et de la biographie d’Élie Capsali, qui représentait la principale autorité spirituelle à cette époque. Le deuxième chapitre rassemble les informations disponibles concernant l’immigration juive à Candie des siècles XIV-XV. Le troisième chapitre examine certaines particularités de la liturgie synagogale élaborée par les Juifs de Candie sous l’impulsion de la tradition française et ashkénaze. Le quatrième chapitre analyse deux listes de livres religieux et médicaux: les deux listes, qui remontent à la deuxième moitié du quinzième siècle, sont ici interprétées comme un indice de la diffusion de la culture médicale sépharade à Candie, qui se vérifia par le moyen des immigrés catalans. Le cinquième chapitre est dédié à Mosheh ben Yehudah Galiano, un médecin, philosophe et astronome de Constantinople qui séjourna à Candie de 1526/27 jusqu’à1543. Le dernier chapitre porte sur les effets provoqués dans le quartier juif par l’épidémie de peste qui s’abattit sur Candie en 1592. / The thesis investigates the culture of the Cretan Jews in the XIV-XVI centuries and concentrates on how the Sephardi and Ashkenazi immigrants who began to settle on the island around mid-XIV century contributed in shaping a shared culture. The thesis is based both on the administrative and notarial documents preserved in the State Archive in Venice and on the Hebrew manuscripts produced by Candiote Jews or brought there by the new settlers. The first chapter offers a reconnaissance of the Jewish community of Candia in the early XVI century and brings new information on the geography of the zudeca, its administration, its social composition, the amount of its population, and the biography of its main leader at the time: Elijah Capsali (d. 1550). The third chapter illustrates some of the peculiarities that the Candiote synagogal liturgy developed under the influence of Ashkenazi settlers. The fourth chapter deals with two lists of books found in a manuscript preserved in the University Library of Bologna, and shows how they can be viewed as a testimony of the role played by Catalonian immigrants in the spread of Sephardi medical lore among Candiote Jews. The fifth chapter is dedicated to Mosheh ben Judah Galiano, a physician, philosopher and astronomer who settled in Candia in the late ’20s of the Sixteenth century and left the island on 1543. The sixth chapter offers an examination of the plague that struck Candia in 1592 and its impact on the Jewish community.

This thesis presents a single witness edition of The Knowing of Woman’s Kind in Childing, which is a 14th century vernacular obstetrical and gynaecological treatise found in British Library MS Additional 12195. Purported to be emulating medical texts of French and Latin origin, The Knowing of Woman's Kind in Childing is “a novel fusing of several different texts and theoretical traditions into a single work” (Green, “Obstetrical” 64). The Knowing of Woman’s Kind in Childing is an important and significant medieval medical text because it has a self-identified female audience and a female-orientated medical focus. Accompanying notes and emendations from the four other extant witnesses are also presented: Oxford Bodley MS Douce 37 (SC 21611), Oxford MS Bodley 483 (SC 2062), Cambridge University Library MS Ii. 6. 33, and British Library MS Sloane 421A. This thesis explores the folklore of the traditional herbs, medicinals, and compounds used in the treatise. A comparison of the material appended to all five of the extant witnesses is presented in Appendix A; Appendix B lists the incidence of rubrication found in this edition; originating source material for the Knowing of Woman’s Kind in Childing is presented in Appendix C; and an alphabetical catalogue of medicinals, in four tables, can be found in Appendix D.

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