Plusieurs auteurs se sont penchés sur les conceptions sociales de la maladie mentale et des interinfluences entre la société et la construction des problèmes de santé mentale. Dans une perspective critique, la présente étude exploratoire qualitative porte sur les représentations de la souffrance associée aux problèmes de santé mentale au sein d’un corpus institutionnel, soit la Politique de santé mentale de 1989 et les plans d’action en santé mentale de 1998, 2005 et 2015 du gouvernement du Québec. Au terme d’une analyse de discours thématique, nos résultats s’organisent en deux grands axes : la façon dont la souffrance est appréhendée et présentée au sein du corpus et la façon dont on prévoit y répondre. L’analyse transversale du corpus met en évidence l’influence croissante de perspectives normalisantes et médicalisantes et un prisme de valeurs néolibérales (notamment gestionnaires et économiques). Une responsabilisation de l’individu par une évacuation des dimensions sociales des problèmes de santé mentale est aussi observable. / Several authors have worked on social conceptions of mental illness and the inter-influences between society and the construction of mental health problems. In a critic perspective, the present qualitative exploratory study concerns the representations of suffering related to mental health issues, in an institutional corpus, namely the Politique de santé mentale de 1989 and the three mental health policies of 1998, 2005 and 2015, of Quebec government. At the end of a thematic discourse analysis, our results are organized in two areas: the way suffering is comprehended and presented in the corpus and the way they outlook to response to it. The cross-sectional analysis of the corpus shows the growing influence of some normalizing, medicalizing and neoliberalism (in particular, managing and economics) perspectives. An accountability of the individual, by an evacuation of social dimensions of mental health problems is also observable.

The voices and experiences of immigrant and refugee women in Canada have been conspicuously absent from policy issues, programme planning, and mental health literature. However, more immigrant and refugee women than men, from traditional cultures, are considered to have mental health needs, because of risk factors such as stress at the time of migration, and because of Canadian policies and programmes which disadvantage them. This study explores from the consumers perspective the reasons for disparate mental health service utilization between South Asian and Latin American women in Vancouver. Using a cross-sectional, exploratory, case study approach, and a feminist perspective, ten South Asian and ten Latin American women who have used mental health services were interviewed in depth. Sixty percent of the participants were survivors of violence and torture. Five Latin American women were survivors of pre-migration catastrophic stress. Their mental health needs were characterised by traumatic experiences, grieving and depression. Except for the three who were married, they had no traditional support networks. In contrast with the South Asian group they appeared to have less shame and covert behaviour. Mental illness, considered a ‘house secret’, carries great stigma in the South Asian community, and has serious ramifications for the immediate as well as the extended family. Among South Asian participants seven had been subjected to wife battering, and four of their spouses had a substance abuse problem. Their mental health needs were also triggered by traumatic experiences, grieving and depression. The more established South Asian women had extended family living in Vancouver, yet social support was still lacking. Having ‘no one to turn to’ was a pervasive theme across both groups of women; their experiences characterised by loss. Analysis of data exploring the decision to use services illustrates stages in a process of recovery from experienced violence. Post migration domestic violence and pre-migration violence have devastating, life-shattering consequences which require culturally sensitive interventions by social workers and other health care professionals. An obligatory stage in the clinical intervention process is to explore the issue of violence. Finally, policy decisions which impact upon women from ethnocultural communities in Canada must embrace a philosophy which considers well-trained, culturally-sensitive, linguistically—competent workers a priority.

Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-04T12:36:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010 / Este estudo analisou o papel dos estados na política de saúde mental no Brasil no período de 1990 a 2009, tendo em vista a existência de dilemas decorrentes da especificidade de nossa estrutura federativa, da estratégia de descentralização da saúde ede indefinições do papel dos estados na área de saúde mental. Os estados utilizam várias estratégias e instrumentos na condução da política de saúde mental. No planejamento, a elaboração de planos de saúde mental, em sua maioria, articulados ao processo de regionalização da saúde. Na coordenação federativa, construindo seus marcos legais e participando ativamente dos fóruns de deliberação da política. Na coordenação da atenção, promovendo articulações com outras áreas, dentro e fora da secretaria estadual de saúde, visando o desenvolvimento de projetos e ações de saúde mental. No monitoramento, emitindo relatórios técnicos e supervisionando os serviços de saúde mental. Na prestação de serviços, executando serviços de saúde mental e desenvolvendo iniciativas e experiências exitosas na área. No entanto, percebeu-se que os estados ainda não desenvolvem de forma sistemática as funções que compreendem, sobretudo, o planejamento, a coordenação federativa e de atenção. O financiamento em saúde mental representa um dos grandes desafios. Ao fim, discutiu-se as potencialidades e desafios dos estados na condução da política de saúde mental. Os achados deste estudo sugerem que a superação dos desafios relacionados à condução estadual da política de saúde mental depende da articulação entre governo federal, estados e municípios na elaboração de políticas que atendam à especificidade de cada região, macro ou micro-região, e da promoção de um planejamento ascendente e participativo. Também é necessário o desenvolvimento deuma política de investimentos para o setor que possibilite a assunção de um papel mais ativo dos estados no financiamento em saúde mental. / This study examined the role of states in mental health policy in Brazil in the period 1990-2009, bearing in mind the existence of dilemmas arising from the specificity of our federal structure, the strategy of decentralization of health and vagueness of the role of states in mental health field. The states use several strategies and tools in conducting mental health policy. In the planning, preparation of plans for mental health, mostly articulated the process of regionalization of health. In coordinating federal, building their legal frameworks and actively participating in the forums of policy deliberation. In the coordination of care, promoting links with other areas both within and outside the state board of health, aiming to develop projects and actions of mental health. Monitoring, issuing technical reports and overseeing mental health services. In providing services, performing mental health services and developing initiatives and successful experiences in the area. However, it was noticed that the states have not developed a systematic way the functions that include, above all, planning, coordination and federal attention. The mental health funding represents a major challenge. In the end, it was discussed the potential and challenges of the states in conducting mental health policy. The findings of this study suggest that overcoming the challenges related to the conduct of state mental health policy depends on the relationship between the federal government, states and municipalities in developing policies to address the specific needs of each region, macro or micro-region, and promoting an up and participatory planning. It is also necessary to develop an investment policy for the sector that makes possible the assumption of a more active role of states in funding for mental health.

The voices and experiences of immigrant and refugee women in Canada have been conspicuously absent from policy issues, programme planning, and mental health literature. However, more immigrant and refugee women than men, from traditional cultures, are considered to have mental health needs, because of risk factors such as stress at the time of migration, and because of Canadian policies and programmes which disadvantage them. This study explores from the consumers perspective the reasons for disparate mental health service utilization between South Asian and Latin American women in Vancouver. Using a cross-sectional, exploratory, case study approach, and a feminist perspective, ten South Asian and ten Latin American women who have used mental health services were interviewed in depth. Sixty percent of the participants were survivors of violence and torture. Five Latin American women were survivors of pre-migration catastrophic stress. Their mental health needs were characterised by traumatic experiences, grieving and depression. Except for the three who were married, they had no traditional support networks. In contrast with the South Asian group they appeared to have less shame and covert behaviour. Mental illness, considered a ‘house secret’, carries great stigma in the South Asian community, and has serious ramifications for the immediate as well as the extended family. Among South Asian participants seven had been subjected to wife battering, and four of their spouses had a substance abuse problem. Their mental health needs were also triggered by traumatic experiences, grieving and depression. The more established South Asian women had extended family living in Vancouver, yet social support was still lacking. Having ‘no one to turn to’ was a pervasive theme across both groups of women; their experiences characterised by loss. Analysis of data exploring the decision to use services illustrates stages in a process of recovery from experienced violence. Post migration domestic violence and pre-migration violence have devastating, life-shattering consequences which require culturally sensitive interventions by social workers and other health care professionals. An obligatory stage in the clinical intervention process is to explore the issue of violence. Finally, policy decisions which impact upon women from ethnocultural communities in Canada must embrace a philosophy which considers well-trained, culturally-sensitive, linguistically—competent workers a priority. / Arts, Faculty of / Social Work, School of / Graduate

This study looks at two community mental health facilities. The one setting is that of a state aided organisation, while the other is a non-government organisation (NGO). These two settings are contrasted in terms of how they conceptualise the concept 'community', their physical settings and facilities, and the activities and processes at each setting. The differences in the day-to-day operational processes, and activities according to their respective philosophies - psychiatric medical model and ecological model - are explored and captured from the participants through utilising qualitative data gathering methods such as interviews, observations and the personal experiences of the researcher. The information obtained from each participant in both settings reflect how they think, feel and behave towards their work. This information contributes to an understanding of how community mental health clinics operate. Finally the recommendations are of how work could be done differently, making them both more community orientated. / M. A.(Clinical Psychology)

This study looks at two community mental health facilities. The one setting is that of a state aided organisation, while the other is a non-government organisation (NGO). These two settings are contrasted in terms of how they conceptualise the concept 'community', their physical settings and facilities, and the activities and processes at each setting. The differences in the day-to-day operational processes, and activities according to their respective philosophies - psychiatric medical model and ecological model - are explored and captured from the participants through utilising qualitative data gathering methods such as interviews, observations and the personal experiences of the researcher. The information obtained from each participant in both settings reflect how they think, feel and behave towards their work. This information contributes to an understanding of how community mental health clinics operate. Finally the recommendations are of how work could be done differently, making them both more community orientated. / M. A.(Clinical Psychology)