Cette étude offre une lecture de The Waves de Virginia Woolf en tant qu’une représentation fictive des “formes exactes de la pensée.” Elle établit le lien entre le récit de The Waves et l’expérience personnelle de l’auteur avec “les voix” qui hantaient son esprit, en raison de sa maladie maniaco-dépressive. La présente étude propose également une analyse du roman inspirée par la théorie de la “fusion conceptuelle:” cette approche narrative a pour but de (1) souligner “la fusion” de l’imagination, des émotions, et de la perception qui constitue l’essence du récit de The Waves, (2) mettre l’accent sur les “configurations mentales” subtilement développées par/entre les voix du récit, en vue de diminuer le semblant de la désorganisation et de l’éparpillement des pensées généré par la représentation de la conscience, (3) permettre au lecteur d’accéder à la configuration subjective et identitaire des différentes voix du récit en traçant l’éventail de leurs pensées “fusionnées.” L’argument de cette dissertation est subdivisé en trois chapitres: le premier chapitre emploie la théorie de la fusion conceptuelle afin de souligner les processus mentaux menant à la création de “moments de vision.” Il décrit la manière dont la fusion des pensées intérieures et de la perception dans les “moments de vision” pourrait servir de tremplin à la configuration subjective des voix du récit. La deuxième section interprète l’ensemble des voix du roman en tant qu’une “société de soi-mêmes.” À l’aide de la théorie de la fusion conceptuelle, elle met l’accent sur les formes de pensée entrelacées entre les différentes voix du récit, ce qui permet aux protagonistes de développer une identité interrelationnelle, placée au plein centre des différentes subjectivités. Le troisième chapitre trace les processus mentaux permettant aux différentes voix du roman de développer une forme de subjectivité cohérente et intégrée. Dans ce chapitre, l’idée de la fusion des différents aspects de l’identité proposée par Fauconnier et Turner est employée pour décrire l’intégration des éléments de la subjectivité des protagonistes en une seule configuration identitaire. D’ailleurs, ce chapitre propose une interprétation du triste suicide de Rhoda qui met en relief son inaptitude à intégrer les fragments de sa subjectivité en une identité cohérente et “fusionnée.” / This dissertation starts with the premise that Virginia Woolf’s The Waves is to be read as a “mind thinking” and as an expression of “the exact shapes” that the mind holds. It establishes the link between Woolf’s experience of writing The Waves and her obsession with the “voices that fly ahead;” i.e. the very voices that used to prey on her mind as a result of her manic-depressive illness. It also offers a reading to the novel inspired by Conceptual Blending Theory: this framework helps (1) account for the “blend” of sensory impressions, feelings, and imaginative thoughts that constitute the essence of The Waves, (2) make up for the dispersed and seemingly fragmented nature of the narrative by emphasizing the various “mental patterns” weaved by/among the mind’s different voices, and (3) enable the reader to pin down a sense of the protagonists’ identities by carefully following their “blended” mental processes. The argument of this dissertation is developed in three chapters: the first chapter uses blending theory to highlight the mental processes that lead to the crystallization of intense “moments of visions.” It shows how a sense of the protagonists’ subjectivities would emerge by virtue of the “patterned” insight gained in those peculiar moments of revelation. The second chapter reads The Waves as a “society of selves.” Using Blending Theory, it emphasizes the “patterned” mental connections weaved among the different voices, which allows them to gain a “situated” or inter-relational form of insight about their own subjectivities. The third chapter follows the mental processes that enable The Waves’ protagonists to construct a stable and coherent sense of identity through the mental integration of different aspects of their subjectivities. In this chapter, Fauconnier and Turner’s notion of “living in the blend” is used to show how, in the course of their subjective development, The Waves’ voices would achieve an overall sense of psychological and identitary “wholeness.” The chapter also accounts for Rhoda’s unfortunate suicide in terms of her inability to continue to live in the very blend of her personal identity.

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This work deals with modeling of the human psyche and its cognitive processes, emotions and behaviors based on agent system. The first objective of this examines the issue from the perspective of general psychology and intelligent systems. The work discusses in detail the design model of the human psyche with definitions of agents system and design of simulation environment. The special part is devoted to the design of the neural network system. After description of implementation of the model and simulation environment, finally, the work show results of experiments with the implemented system from the perspective of conformity with psychological theories and benefits to artificial intelligence.

Ma thèse développe deux parties. La première considère que la psychologie expérimentale doit clarifier son positionnement épistémologique pour clarifier la validation formelle de sa démarche, sans forcément devoir se référencer au cadre de la Science Physique. A partir d’une réflexion critique, je propose de décaler le cadre épistémologique en psychologie et de poser clairement un cadre pragmatique-réaliste. La thèse essentielle défendue dans ce travail est : 1/ les propriétés mentales doivent être comprises comme des phénomènes émergents, ce qui implique que leurs analyses ne peuvent se faire ni au niveau neuronal, ni au niveau de la dynamique interne de processus cognitifs, mais nécessairement au niveau de ces phénomènes émergents ; 2/ pour analyser les propriétés mentales comme formes émergentes, la psychométrie a besoin d’user de concepts qui sont en tension permanente entre une objectivité et une intersubjectivité ; en conséquence, la psychométrie doit affirmer une démarche pragmatiste-réaliste, en rupture avec l’empirisme-réaliste classique ; 3/ une approche pragmatiste-réaliste, basée entre autre sur l’abduction, permet de dépasser les contradictions pointées dans la littérature académique sur les propriétés mentales et leurs mesures ; 4/ un cadre de mesure de propriétés mentales par des variables latentes devient dès lors possible si ce cadre est compris lui aussi comme pragmatiste-réaliste ; 5/ mais ce recours au pragmatisme-réaliste renvoie en conséquence une critique à la fois des modèles avec variables latentes développés dans la littérature académique et les usages sociaux de ces modèles. La seconde partie de ma thèse porte sur un cadre particulier de formalisation des variables latentes : le cadre formatif. Je développe des simulations Monte Carlo pour vérifier le spectre des paramètres permettant une mesure formative efficiente dans le cadre d’un positionnement réaliste-empirique. / My thesis considers that experimental psychology must clarify its epistemological position to clarify the formal validation of its approach, without necessarily having to refer to the framework of Science Physics. From a critical reflection, I propose to shift the epistemological framework in psychology and clearly pose a pragmatic-realistic framework. The main thesis of this work is: 1 / mental properties must be understood as emerging phenomena, which implies that their analysis can not be done nor at the neuronal level, nor at the internal dynamics of cognitive processes, but necessarily at these emerging phenomena; 2 / to analyze the mental properties as emerging forms, psychometrics need to use concepts that are in permanent tension between objectivity and intersubjectivity; accordingly, psychometrics must assert a pragmatic-realist approach, breaking with classical empiricism-realistic; 3 / a pragmatist-realistic approach, based among other things on the abduction, can overcome the contradictions pointed in the academic literature on mental properties and their measurements; 4 / a framework for measuring mental properties by latent variables becomes possible if the framework is also understood as a pragmatic-realist; 5 / but use realistic-pragmatic returns accordingly critical of both models with latent variables developed in the academic literature and the social uses of these models. The second part of my thesis focuses on a specific part of formalization of latent variables: the formative model. I develop Monte Carlo simulations to check the range of parameters for efficient formative measure as part of a realistic-empirical positioning.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T18:22:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Aline Cristina Flavio da Silva.pdf: 786298 bytes, checksum: 84a114cc3daba9c2fd3f6d8fb92f3fa0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-03 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This research is part of SAL Project - Systemis Across Languages - which has been developed by researchers from China, Argentina, Mexico and Thailand who analyse language in use having specific texts as a starting point in order to find out patterns as well as varieties of use. In Brazil, researches have focused on academic papers. Therefore, in order to contribute to the researchers developed in Brazil, the objective of this study is to identify the uses of verbal and mental processes in reviews published in the areas of Linguistics, Literature and History, analyse the patterns of realization of these processes in order to better understand how the reviewer conveys his description/evaluation of a certain book, and the role of modal adjuncts in meaning making. Systemics Functional Linguistics is the main theoretical and methodological framework (Halliday, 1985, 1994; Halliday & Matthiessen, 1999, 2004), which focus is language in use in different contexts. The software WordSmith Tools 5.0 allowed 45 reviews of Linguistics, 47 reviews of Literature and 46 reviews of History, all of them available electronically and qualified as Qualis A1 and A2 to be processed so that data were organized for analysis. Based on the transitivity system through which the ideational metafunction is accessed, the most frequent verbal and mental processes in the reviews from the three different areas were selected and their similarities and differences were compared. It was observed that the uses of verbal and mental processes in the reviews from the three areas mentioned are, most of the time, associated to a higher engagement of the reviewer who prioritizes a more elaborated use of the language, making use of verbiage which construes the content of what is said and reduces the clause. As far as choices of Sayers and Sensers are concerned, there is evidence of high interaction with the reader. Concerning the interpersonal metafunction, modal adjuncts of polarity, intensity and temporality were identified in the corpora. They accompany verbal and mental processes and highlight the engagement of the reviewer with his text when negotiating with the reader. This research is expected to contribute to the studies about the genre review written in Portuguese, providing background for those who intend to produce this genre in the areas hereby mentioned / Esta pesquisa está inserida no contexto do projeto SAL- Systemis Across Languagesdesenvolvido em parceria com pesquisadores da China, Argentina, México e Tailândia que analisam a linguagem em uso partindo de tipos específicos de textos buscando constantes e variáveis. No Brasil, as pesquisas se voltam para textos acadêmicos. Assim, buscando contribuir com essas pesquisas, esta dissertação tem como objetivo identificar os usos dos processos verbais e mentais utilizados em resenhas das áreas de Linguística, Literatura e História e analisar os padrões de realização desses processos para compreender como o resenhista expõe sua descrição/avaliação da obra resenhada e como os Adjuntos modais associam-se aos processos nessa construção. Utilizando o arcabouço teórico da Linguística Sistêmico-Funcional (Halliday, 1985, 1994; Halliday & Matthiessen, 1999, 2004), que tem como foco a língua em uso em diferentes contextos e, com o apoio da ferramenta computacional WordSmith Tools 5.0, organizei os dados constantes de 45 resenhas de Linguística, 47 de Literatura e 46 de História, publicadas em periódicos disponibilizados eletronicamente, qualificados como qualis A1 e A2. Com base no sistema de transitividade da metafunção ideacional, selecionei os processos verbais e mentais mais frequentes nas três áreas e comparei as semelhanças e diferenças entre elas. Observei que os usos dos processos verbais e mentais, nas três áreas, em sua maioria estão associados ao maior envolvimento do resenhista priorizando a linguagem mais elaborada constituída pelo uso da verbiagem de conteúdo em que há sintetização da oração. Ao que se refere às escolhas dos Dizentes e Experienciadores há indícios de maior interação com o leitor. Baseada na metafunção interpessoal, levantei os adjuntos modais presentes nos corpora e verifiquei que os modais de polaridade, intensidade e temporalidade são os que estão mais associados aos processos verbais e mentais e contribuem para ressaltar o maior envolvimento do resenhista com o texto na negociação com o leitor. Espero que esta pesquisa contribua com os estudos sobre o gênero resenha em língua portuguesa auxiliando pesquisadores que pretendam desenvolver esse gênero nas áreas aqui pesquisadas

<p>The objective of this work was to investigate reflective-functioning (RF) as a measure of process in two independent studies that included three types of brief psychotherapy. RF is defined as the ability to recognize the existence and nature of mental processes taking place in the self and in others (e.g., intentions, beliefs, desires, and wishes). Theorists have suggested the ability for RF is crucial for predicting social causality and low RF has been found related to mental disorders. It has recently been suggested in the literature that improved ability for RF might be an important component of successful psychotherapy outcome, especially with respect to achieving structuralchange. RF was in this work investigated during the process through discourse analysis of the patients’ narratives of self-other interactions in the treatment sessions. The Psychotherapy Process Q-set (PQS) was implemented in order to isolate specific components of the process (process correlates) that identified high and low RF and to investigate the links between the process correlates and outcome. The first study investigated 29 cases of cognitive-behavioral therapy(CBT) and 35 cases of interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) with an average treatment length of 16.2 sessions in a sample from the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) randomized clinical trial Treatment of Depression Collaborative Research Program (TDCRP). The sample in the first study consisted of 128 sessions in total, were one session from the early part (on average the 4th session) and one session in the later part of the treatment (on average the 12th session) were rated for RF. The second study investigated a sample of 30 cases of brief psychodynamic psychotherapy (BPDT) with an average treatment length of 15.8 sessions in a naturalistic designand obtained from the Mount Zion Psychotherapy Research Group. In total, the second study included 90 sessions of BPDT, and RF was assessed during the 1st, the 5th, and the 14th session of each treatment. The results from these two studies suggested that the patients’ ability for RF, as measured through the discourse from therapy sessions, is stable (in CBT and BPDT) or decreased(IPT) during the treatments. Furthermore, the process correlates defining high RF had a relation with good outcome, and process correlates defining low RF had a relation with poor outcome.The process correlates identified during the PQS-analysis suggested that both high and low RF was linked with personality characteristics in the patients. For example, high RF was linked to patients’ ability for introspection, expression of negative emotions, and commitment to treatment.Low RF was linked to patients’ expression of passivity, defensiveness, and suspiciousness. This work supported theorists’ suggestions that brief treatments are supportive in their nature and therefore do not promote structural changes (e.g., changes in RF). It is suggested that the abilityfor RF as assessed pre-treatment might be a useful predictor for success in brief psychotherapy and could therefore be used as a patient inclusion criteria for such treatments.</p>

The objective of this work was to investigate reflective-functioning (RF) as a measure of process in two independent studies that included three types of brief psychotherapy. RF is defined as the ability to recognize the existence and nature of mental processes taking place in the self and in others (e.g., intentions, beliefs, desires, and wishes). Theorists have suggested the ability for RF is crucial for predicting social causality and low RF has been found related to mental disorders. It has recently been suggested in the literature that improved ability for RF might be an important component of successful psychotherapy outcome, especially with respect to achieving structuralchange. RF was in this work investigated during the process through discourse analysis of the patients’ narratives of self-other interactions in the treatment sessions. The Psychotherapy Process Q-set (PQS) was implemented in order to isolate specific components of the process (process correlates) that identified high and low RF and to investigate the links between the process correlates and outcome. The first study investigated 29 cases of cognitive-behavioral therapy(CBT) and 35 cases of interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) with an average treatment length of 16.2 sessions in a sample from the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) randomized clinical trial Treatment of Depression Collaborative Research Program (TDCRP). The sample in the first study consisted of 128 sessions in total, were one session from the early part (on average the 4th session) and one session in the later part of the treatment (on average the 12th session) were rated for RF. The second study investigated a sample of 30 cases of brief psychodynamic psychotherapy (BPDT) with an average treatment length of 15.8 sessions in a naturalistic designand obtained from the Mount Zion Psychotherapy Research Group. In total, the second study included 90 sessions of BPDT, and RF was assessed during the 1st, the 5th, and the 14th session of each treatment. The results from these two studies suggested that the patients’ ability for RF, as measured through the discourse from therapy sessions, is stable (in CBT and BPDT) or decreased(IPT) during the treatments. Furthermore, the process correlates defining high RF had a relation with good outcome, and process correlates defining low RF had a relation with poor outcome.The process correlates identified during the PQS-analysis suggested that both high and low RF was linked with personality characteristics in the patients. For example, high RF was linked to patients’ ability for introspection, expression of negative emotions, and commitment to treatment.Low RF was linked to patients’ expression of passivity, defensiveness, and suspiciousness. This work supported theorists’ suggestions that brief treatments are supportive in their nature and therefore do not promote structural changes (e.g., changes in RF). It is suggested that the abilityfor RF as assessed pre-treatment might be a useful predictor for success in brief psychotherapy and could therefore be used as a patient inclusion criteria for such treatments.

No description available.