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Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-29T15:08:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_9328_DISSERTAÇAO PPGFIL Rodrigo Danubio Queiroz.pdf: 3547004 bytes, checksum: d14da7bda0efe36cf588b2b8e5bd7810 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-02 / A proposta da presente pesquisa é apresentar o Novo Humanismo de Mircea Eliade (1907-1986). Para isso, analisamos o contexto histórico em que ocorreram as pesquisas e o posicionamento crítico do filósofo romeno, período em que o homem moderno foi orientado por uma Weltanschauung racionalizante e dessacralizante, onde a experiência do sagrado foi reduzida a uma dimensão primitiva da mentalidade humana. Eliade interpretou essa postura secularizante como a principal responsável pela crise existencial do homem moderno que se revelou na angústia e no niilismo de seu modo de ser. Nesse sentido, a crise humana é uma crise, sobretudo, ontológica. Diante disso, Eliade ofereceu um novo paradigma para a elaboração de um Novo Humanismo, que consiste essencialmente na redescoberta da experiência do sagrado. Contudo, devido ao processo de racionalização e do abandono de um ritmo de vida cosmicizado, o homem moderno esqueceu o acesso à suas raízes. A saída para se recuperar do esquecimento do ser e do provincianismo cultural se encontra no diálogo intercultural entre o Ocidente e as civilizações do Oriente, marcadas ainda por uma visão de mundo religiosa, diálogo esse que só pode ocorrer hermeneuticamente por meio de uma linguagem simbólica capaz de entender o universo religioso. Dessa forma, a problemática que nos guiará nessa pesquisa se resume a uma possível contribuição da experiência do sagrado na formulação de um novo modelo cultural e humanista face a uma civilização secularizada. Com efeito, para compreender a experiência do sagrado, teremos que refletir a respeito de seu próprio significado, do homo religiosus, e seu modo de ser diante do espaço e do terror da História.

Submitted by Noeme Timbo (noeme.timbo@metodista.br) on 2017-06-19T19:12:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Sergio Cesar Prates.pdf: 1452123 bytes, checksum: 412e754c70bd63d7debc451b89bd4380 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-19T19:12:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sergio Cesar Prates.pdf: 1452123 bytes, checksum: 412e754c70bd63d7debc451b89bd4380 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-21 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The objective of this research is to address the distances that exist on Mircea Eliade and Rudolf Bultmann’s perspectives about the myth. As we investigate the issue of myth and its interpretations we find that there are many significant discussions about the theme. Among them, unquestionably, two stand out not because of their role over others, but because of the importance that this question plays in the thinking of their researchers, since it is practically impossible to disassociate the question from the myth on Mircea Eliade and Rudolf Bultmann’s thoughts. For Eliade the myth reveals that the world, human and life have a supernatural origin and story. This sacred story, besides being true, is significant, precious and exemplary, as it makes reference and brings meaning to the realities of a certain society to which the myth belongs. In contrast Bultmann notes a problem to be solved in the application of his hermeneutics: how to relate to the question of the myth present in the New Testament writings. The myth is a threat to the modern mind steeped in a scientific worldview. Myth and modern thought are totally excluding. What Bultmann insists on is the elimination of the conceptual universe of the New Testament so that the word of God can be understood by modern man. The myth, therefore, in Bultmann's conception is nothing more than a way of objectifying what is transcendent to the immanent, is to transform divine beings into humans. In this way, we will analyze the assumptions that led both to take different paths and construct opposite hermeneutics of the myth. And finally, to understand the repercussions of hermeneutical practices for contemporary religious thoughts. / O objetivo dessa pesquisa é abordar os distanciamentos que existem sobre as perspectivas de Mircea Eliade e Rudolf Bultmann acerca do mito. Ao investigarmos sobre a questão do mito e suas interpretações constatamos que existem muitas discussões significativas acerca do tema. Dentre elas inquestionavelmente duas se destacam, não pelo papel que exercem sobre as outras, mas pela importância que esta questão desempenha no pensamento de seus pesquisadores, pois é praticamente impossível desassociar a questão do mito do pensamento de Mircea Eliade e Rudolf Bultmann. Para Eliade o mito revela que o mundo, o homem e a vida possuem uma origem e uma história sobrenatural. Essa história sagrada além de verdadeira é significativa, preciosa e exemplar, pois faz referencia e traz significado às realidades de determinada sociedade a qual pertence o mito. Em contrapartida Bultmann constata um problema a ser resolvido na aplicação de sua hermenêutica: como se relacionar com a questão do mito presente nos escritos neotestamentários. O mito é uma ameaça à mente moderna mergulhada em uma cosmovisão científica. Mito e pensamento moderno são totalmente excludentes. Em que Bultmann insiste é na eliminação do universo conceitual do Novo Testamento para que a palavra de Deus possa ser compreendida pelo homem moderno. O mito, portanto, na concepção de Bultmann nada mais é do que uma forma de objetivar o que é transcendente para o imanente, é transformar seres divinos em humanos. Desta forma, analisaremos os pressupostos que levaram ambos a tomarem caminhos distintos e construírem hermenêuticas opostas do mito. E por fim, entender as repercussões de suas práticas hermenêuticas para o pensamento religioso contemporâneo.

Keywords Mircea Eliade, the influence of India, Romanian literature Abstract The thesis deals with the influence of indian culture and philosophy on the Romanian writer, religionist and philosopher Mircea Eliade. He studied in Calcutta and after his return from India he graduated his doctoral studies of philosophy with thesis called Yoga. This master thesis is defining Indian aspects in Eliade's books. The first part of the thesis focuses on details from Mircea Eliade's life, his relationship to India and on Indian philosophy which is reflected in his writing. That includes the cyclic concept of time which doesn't explain death as the end of life. We talk about reincarnation. The quality of the next life is conditioned by the deeds of the previous life. Eliade is supporting yoga as a way how to separate the spirit from the material world and from the body. The second part of this thesis has an aim to describe some of the Eliade's books which are influenced by India, and to analyze those Indian aspects (The Secret of Dr. Honigberger, Isabel şi apele diavolului and 50 de conferinže radiofonice (1932 - 1938)).

Serpent and dragon symbolism are ubiquitous in the art and mythology of premodern cultures around the world. Over the centuries, conflicting hypotheses have been proposed to interpret this symbolism which, while illuminating, have proved insufficient to the task of revealing a singular meaning for the vast majority of examples. In this dissertation I argue that, in what the symbolist Rene Guenon and the historian of religions Mircea Eliade have called ‘traditional' or ‘archaic' societies, the serpent/dragon transculturally symbolizes what I term ‘matter,' a state of being that is constituted by the perception of the physical world as ‘chaotic' in comparison to what traditional peoples believed to be the ‘higher' meta-physical source of the physical world or ‘nature.' What is called ‘nature,' I argue, is also considered in ‘Tradition' to be a perception of, from a certain state of consciousness, that aspect of existence that is called samsara in the Hindu philosophy of Vedanta, which Guenon equivalently describes, from a broadly traditional perspective in The Symbolism of the Cross, as "the indefinite series of cycles of manifestation." ‘Chaos,' according to Eliade in The Sacred and the Profane, is "the amorphous and virtual…everything that has not yet acquired a ‘form.'" The following elements have been useful in discerning the specified meaning of the serpent/dragon symbol: 1) Guenon's interpretation of the terminology of the ‘Hindu Doctrines,' as well as his interpretation of the ‘language' of traditional symbolism and the metaphysics that underlies it; 2) Eliade's interpretation of ‘traditional'/‘archaic' societies by means of his concepts of ‘chaos,' ‘creation,' Axis Mundi (‘World Axis'), and ‘Sacred and Profane'; and 3) the insights of various other researchers of serpent/dragon symbolism. Beyond purporting to resolve some of the mystery of the ancient and varied symbolism of the serpent/dragon, my dissertation strives, to a lesser degree, to serve two related functions: 1) informing the interpretation of the symbolic meanings of a wide variety of premodern artifacts and narratives and 2) providing a rough outline for a proposed prolegomenon to the study of the origination, and ancient human awareness, of the mentioned state of ‘matter.'

Thesis (doctoral)--University of Uppsala, 1982. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 264-274).

Thesis (doctoral)--University of Uppsala, 1982. / Bibliography: p. 264-274.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T12:21:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vitor Chaves de Souza.pdf: 1155892 bytes, checksum: 6a794b81392f587254868ee2f73d557e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-09-24 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Esta pesquisa propõe-se a tematizar a ontologia em Mircea Eliade. Constata que a ontologia é o centro do pensamento e do trabalho do autor. Ao analisar a forma mais elementar do ser, Eliade diz que o sujeito religioso funda o mundo ontologicamente a partir da experiência com o sagrado e a vivência dos mitos. A ontologia arcaica ritualiza eventos primordiais e confere sentido para a vida, enquanto a ontologia moderna nega qualquer tipo de transcendência e sacralidade. Eliade sugere uma ontologia religiosa que aponta para um novo humanismo a fim de solucionar as crises existenciais modernas. Esta análise da ontologia em Eliade é feita com base no método fenomenológico e hermenêutico. Este estudo é realizado em três etapas: primeiramente, buscam-se os eventos que inauguraram a ontologia na vida e obra de Eliade, analisando seu método de pesquisa e introduzindo a ontologia; em segundo lugar, formula-se uma abordagem geral dos assuntos trabalhados por Eliade e.g., mito, símbolo, existência e ser apresentando a ontologia arcaica e moderna; e, por último, a partir dos conteúdos apresentados, procede-se a uma análise do mundo constituído pela manifestação do sagrado e as possibilidades de uma ontologia religiosa para a pós-modernidade. Espera-se que o resultado seja uma reflexão que permita uma melhor compreensão da pesquisa de Eliade, bem como que sirva de referencial e fundamento para futuros estudos acerca de Eliade, da nova hermenêutica e da questão do ser religioso.

The aim of this essay is to illustrate a modern phenomenon, the Olympic Games, by applying the ideas of Mircea Eliade concerning space, time and myth. This literature study is mainly divided in two parts, one descriptive and one analytic. In the first part Eliade’s ideas and some criticism, which has been pointed against his theoretical approaches as well as his character, are presented. In the second part an analysis is carried out, based on the previously presented ideas and elements essential for the Olympics; the idea of the Olympics, the place, the ceremonies, the competition and the concept of individual idolism. I have discussed what seems like gnostic tendencies in Eliade’s ideas, in the sense that both Eliade’s ideas and the concept of Gnosticism argue that knowledge is a necessary condition for salvation, as well as the fact that Eliade and his ideas have not always a pro-Christian approach. I have also shown that incoherency exists in his theoretical approach concerning the manifestation of the sacred. I have found that Mircea Eliade’s ideas, with some difficulties, very well can reflect a modern phenomenon such as the Olympic Games. I have also put forth the idea of translating Eliade’s conception of axis mundi into an ideological landscape; the Olympic values become an analogy to axis mundi. Furthermore, I have also shown that modern man in different ways desires to be close to the sacred, and how this fact to some extent may explain people’s devotion to and worship of sport heroes, and thus why not only athletes but also billions of spectators are inclined to attend the Olympics. Finally, I show that, according to Eliade’s ideas, the Olympics might facilitate the process of creating modern myths.