Mobile phone technologies are transforming how young people think, work, play and relate to each other. However, a central concern for the thesis is that education policy and practice far too often resembles an industrial model that is standardised, mechanistic and linear and that rarely reflects the informational, dynamic and creative lives of young people. In particular, the educational project fails to connect with the way young people use their mobile phone technologies to multi-task, connect, and create content at a precipitous rate. This thesis focuses on the ways in which mobile phone technology is now a significant influence in the way young people develop a sense of self, and a sense of identity and agency that permeates the way they engage with education. The specific research questions that follow from this are: how are young peoples’ identities shaping the meaning and use of mobile phones within (im)material culture? How is the relationship between identity and the creation and use of social space being defined through mobile phone technology? And, taken together how might these processes of identity development influence the way the educational project develops in the future? This thesis addressed these aims by conducting a visual ethnographic study over three years, using participation observation in a sixth-form college in the UK that included video interviews with seven college students. The research has produced a conceptual framework that documents a number of key findings that include: (a) the mobile phone has an immediate symbolic value to young people providing signals about the user’s identity, or presentation of the self; (b) the mobile phone also helps facilitate the performance of lived experiences and is actively part of assisting in various forms of agency. (c) The mobile phone enables a constant flow of (re)presentations of young people that reflects a fluidity of identity that characterises key aspects of contemporary social life. Finally, (d) the mobile phone also supports and enhances the maintenance of social space through the maintenance of social groups and also crucially, the feeling of being oneself. The main conclusion drawn from this research is that too often education systems overlook that fact that learning for young people is typically, and inevitably, personal and yet at the same time located in connected, information-driven environments that are predisposed to digital technologies. Therefore, this research argues for educational policy makers and practitioners to think creatively about how to develop education in ways that fundamentally support young people in their (re)construction of a personalised landscape for learning through their mobile phone technologies.

Forskning har visat att kognitiv belastning påverkar stereotyper och fördomar och hur människan agerar på dem. Då mobiltelefoni är en variant av kognitiv belastning som ökar undersöktes huruvida kognitiv belastning i form av mobiltelefonliknande input påverkar implicita fördomar samt om effekten skiljer sig beroende på kön och ålder. Deltagare var 162 studenter (94 kvinnor) i åldrarna 19–59 år (Md = 24) från en medelstor mellansvensk stad. Under studiens första del läste deltagarna, med eller utan mobiltelefonliknande störning, en vinjettext om en arbetslös man från antingen Västmanland eller Somalia och skattade därefter sin uppfattning om mannen i syfte att exponera implicita fördomar. Studiens andra del mätte explicita fördomar genom Modern Racial Prejudice scale. Resultatet bekräftade inte hypotesen att mobilstörning medför ökade implicita fördomar. En tendens att uppfatta invandraren mindre och svensken mer som belastning vid mobilstörning erhölls. Resultatets indikationer för stereotypbilden av invandraren och förändrade fördomar i samhället diskuterades.

This thesis is focused on the technology of mobile devices. In the first part I analyse the technical parameters of the mobile device in detail, I mention each parameter and its importance, pitfalls and benefits. The second part is focused on mobile operating systems, especially iOS, Android and Windows Phone. The operating systems are analysed from the perspective of technological complexity, which builds on the analysis of the technology of mobile devices. The third part consists of future prediction. I describe hypothetical future development for both of previous parts of my survey. Approximate future development is mentioned in each chapter of of both first and second parts. The main benefit(contribution) of this work is the compact view on the issue of the technology of mobile devices. It helps reader to make a complex overview of the evolution and possibilities on the current mobile devices market.

This piece of Master's thesis deals with basic means of navigation, with emphases on satellite navigation and mobile phone navigation. It explains the signal receiving principals, global positioning and how it works with particular devices. It also covers information of how to convert data using various programs. And finally it shows the results of practical verification of the accuracy in locating position, altitude, azimuth and speed by using the navigation.

This diploma thesis deals with the development of payments instruments, contactless technologies and instruments of contactless payments. This thesis describes intentions of card associations VISA and MasterCard in area contactless payments. It also contains a questionnaire survey, on the basis of which was carried out an evaluation and comparison with intentions associations. At the same was recommend of development for a provider of services in the area.

The research aims at reviewing how mobile phone producers in the EU are approaching individual obsolete phone collection from private households in terms of the information provided on their websites, in addition to the collective schemes that they may be part of for complying with the WEEE Directive. In this study, competitive benchmarking was used to differentiate the accessibility level of take-back offers among the selected producers. The availability of the take-back offer and the penetration rate in the EU states are examined into a five-level metrics. The results reveal that producers have extreme offers on the availability aspect and diverging information coverage in different countries. It is inferred that a producer’s attitude toward the product take-back affects the accessibility of their take-back offers, which can be explained by several economic concerns; however, different methods in future research is needed to further investigate the reasons behind different producers’ choices.

In recent times the usage of smart phones has significantly increased. Businesses are transforming to make more out of smart phones. As a consequence, there is an increasing demand to have more and more mobile applications. Among other areas, mobile applications are also being used to make financial transactions. Applications used for financial transactions need to be more reliable and have end-to-end security. To implement security we heavily depend on cryptography and the heart of cryptography is the keys which are used in cryptographic processes (encryption/decryption). Therefore, it is essential not only to protect, but also to properly manage these keys, so that a robust and secure system can be achieved. This research work provides a complete implementation of symmetric key management for mobile phone applications with a focus on financial data using a key hierarchy approach. We have developed a key management system which allows smart phones to download the cryptographic key hierarchy. This key hierarchy is used to encrypt and decrypt financial data, such as PIN and other transaction information. Using this application (key management system), we can achieve an end-to-end security between client (mobile phones) and payment server (banking server). This research work presents implementation of key management system for Android OS only.

Reliable forecasting models are needed to achieve the climate related goals in the face of increasing transport demand. Such models can predict the long-term behavioural response to policy interventions, including infrastructure investments, and thus provide valuable pre-dictions for decision makers. Contemporary forecasting models are mainly based on national travel surveys. Unfortunately, the response rates of such surveys have steadily declined, implying that the respondents become less representative of the whole population. A particular weakness is that it is likely that respondents with a high valuation of time are less willing to respond to surveys (because they have less time available for such), and therefore there is a high chance that they are underrepresented among the respondents. The valuation of time plays an important role for the cost benefit analyses of public policies including transport investments, and there is no reliable way of controlling for this uneven sampling of time preferences. Fortunately, there is simultaneously an increase in the number of signals sent between mobile phones and network antennae, and research has now reached the point where it is possible to determine not only the travel destination but also the travel mode based on mobile phone network antennae connections. The aim of this thesis is to investigate if and how mobile phone network data can be used to estimate transportation mode choice demand models that can be used for forecasting and planning. Key challenges with using this data source in the context of mode choice models are identified and met. The identified challenges include uncertainty in the choice variable, the difficulty to distinguish car and bus trips, and the lack of information about the trip purpose. In the first paper we propose three possible model formulations and analyse how the uncertainty in the choice outcome variable would play a role in the different model formulations. We also conclude that it is indeed possible to estimate mode choice demand models based on mobile phone network data, with good results in terms of behavioural interpretability and significance. In the second paper we estimate models using a nested logit structure to account for the difficulty in separating bus and car, and a latent class model specification to meet the challenge of having an unknown trip purpose. / <p><strong>Funding agencies:</strong> The research in this thesis has mainly been funded by the research projects DEMOPAN and DEMOPAN-2 within the research program Transportekonomi at The Swedish Transport Administration.</p>

The goal of this project is to create a mobile phone application, which can use phone camera to get a photography. This photography contains text, application has an ability to find a text, recognize all characters and send output as SMS. In this application there are implemented algorithms for text recognize from pictures based on Hidden Markovov Models. The particular stress is put on training of the model, to maximalise a succes of text recognition. There are some experiments model training with model variables, which are leading in better ability of text recognition. It was achieved a value of 97% succesfully recognized characters.

Mobile phones have become a natural part in our lives and with them, challenges and concerns rise. Mobile phones are designed to catch our attention, which equals unwanted distractions in many situations. Previous research is ambiguous as to in what situations mobile phones harm our attention and cause distraction. Therefore, the aim of this experiment was to examine whether the mere presence of a mobile phone or a mobile phone receiving a notification harms our attention while performing the Stroop Task Test. The experiment involved 19 participants, comprising 4 males and 15 females of various ages (M=38,84). A within-subject design experiment was used and the participants that took part in the experiment were exposed to three different conditions as they completed four rounds of the Stroop Task Test. The first and last condition was without a mobile phone, the second condition had a silent mobile phone laying in their field of vision, and in the third condition that same mobile phone received a text message notification. In order to examine the degree of distraction, this study looked at eye gaze towards the mobile phone, in addition to the response times during the test. Contrary to previous research the results of this study showed no significant difference in the participants' performance on the Stroop Task Test and eye gaze during the mobile phone conditions. This indicates that it is possible to maintain focus and attention on a cognitively demanding task for a limited time, despite the presence of someone else’s mobile phone receiving a notification. / Mobiltelefoner har blivit en naturlig del i våra liv och med dem följer även utmaningar och problematik. Mobiltelefoner är designade för att fånga vår uppmärksamhet, vilket leder till oönskade distraktioner i vissa situationer. Tidigare forskning är tvetydig om i vilka situationer mobiltelefoner påverkar vår uppmärksamhet negativt och orsakar distraktion. Därför var syftet med detta experiment att undersöka om blotta närvaron av en mobiltelefon eller en mobiltelefon som får en sms-avisering påverkar vår uppmärksamhet negativt när vi utför Stroop-testet. Experimentet involverade 19 deltagare, bestående av 4 män och 15 kvinnor i olika åldrar (M=38,84). En inomgruppsdesign användes och deltagarna som deltog i experimentet exponerades för tre olika betingelser när de genomförde fyra omgångar av Stroop-testet. Den första och sista betingelsen var utan mobiltelefon, den andra betingelsen hade en tyst mobiltelefon liggande i deras synfält, och under den tredje betingelsen fick samma mobiltelefon en sms-avisering. För att undersöka graden av distraktion undersöktes om deltagarnas ögonrörelser drogs mot mobiltelefonen, samt reaktionstiderna i Stroop-testet. I motsats till tidigare forskning visade resultaten av denna studie ingen signifikant skillnad i deltagarnas prestation i Stroop-testet och ögonrörelser under mobiltelefonbetingelserna. Detta indikerar att det är möjligt att behålla fokus och uppmärksamhet på en kognitivt krävande uppgift under en begränsad tid, trots närvaron av någon annans mobiltelefon som får en sms-avisering.