The main objective of this study is to theorize a possible method of compatibility between macro-rhetorical analyses and micro-dynamic analyses of power, discourse, and the subject. The vehicle for application is conflict over privacy rights, and the proposed bridge between the two levels of analysis is the grammatical-pragmatic relation of modality and positionality. This investigation thus draws upon key theoretical elements from conventional structuralism, post-structuralism, and pragmatics. These form the framework for discussion of a number of analyses of selected textual features that reflect moves to truth and power, and the shifting status of the subject. Two general sets of analyses emerge. One focuses on rhetorically-motivated constructions of the subject, and the other on the uses of modality as indices of subject position. I have chosen the example of the conflict over privacy rights because the strongest instances occur in power struggles between individuals and institutions. The samples for analysis are drawn from the discourse of individuals and institutions involved in this conflict. My investigation focuses on power relations involved in control over the hermeneutic authority that influences the determination of speaking subjects and the establishment of truth. At the center of this discussion is the philosophical question of the subject, not only in terms of power over subject construction, but also in terms of the status of subject hood per se. The relationship between the self and discursive constructions of the self is thus examined. At issue is an ethical concern: the individual seems to need both conventionally approved constructions of herself in social contexts, and a measure of independent control over her self such that she has subject integrity. Three types of analyses, corresponding to the three levels of theoretical orientation identified above, inform this investigation: 1.conventional rhetorical analyses (structuralist), as they are exemplified in Kenneth Burke's dramatistic and logological calculus (at the level of global power struggle) 2.micro-analyses (post-structuralist), as they are ex-emplified in Foucault's archaeological approach to power, knowledge, and the speaking subject (at the level of local relations of force and their indices in "statements") 3.^grammatical-pragmatic analyses of modality, evidentiality, and the "statement," informed by studies in social semiotics (at the grammatical level of modality as a linguistic index of power and positionality) This work is intended to contribute to speculative research on how the three levels of analysis might be integrated. The results of this study show correlations between grammatical features of modality and subject status. Where there is a positive correlation, the uses of modality indicate conformity and acceptance in terms of institutional norms. Where there is a negative correlation, modality is not aligned with subject construction, and the "subject" involved is therefore institutionally powerless. She cannot receive a serious audience for her discourse. In the former case the authority invested in speaking subjects also sanctions credibility in the construction of truth and facts. Both reinforcements of, and changes in, the status quo occur only where modality and subject status are aligned with each other in terms of a specific organizational structure and situation. In the latter case where discourse is divorced from salient positionality, the speaker can utter only empty rhetoric. Resourceful individuals, however, may manoeuver within these institutional constraints to both utilize the conventions of discourse and to activate resistance to these restrictions in a field of low-level detectability. Such individuals (bricoleurs) are able to play with the aletheic phemonemon of truth: they retain the social character of convention and at the same time exercise a certain degree of independence or freedom in order to protect the ethical core or integrity of the self. This play is rhetorical strategy par excellence: the individual finds a way of co-existing with the institution. Resistance is thus survival by troping the world. It involves using the modality of the situation and moving the self strategically in and out of position. The bricoleur constructs resourceful faces that please yet deceive, that bend to discursive technology yet serve the self, and that disclose yet conceal. The modality of strategic aletheia is non-canonical and ordinary. One constructs the truths that protect, however temporary. And, however transitory, one makes a self that is at home in the world.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Cornell University, Sept., 1976. / Photocopy of typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 171-172).

The main objective of this study is to theorize a possible method of compatibility between macro-rhetorical analyses and micro-dynamic analyses of power, discourse, and the subject. The vehicle for application is conflict over privacy rights, and the proposed bridge between the two levels of analysis is the grammatical-pragmatic relation of modality and positionality. This investigation thus draws upon key theoretical elements from conventional structuralism, post-structuralism, and pragmatics. These form the framework for discussion of a number of analyses of selected textual features that reflect moves to truth and power, and the shifting status of the subject. Two general sets of analyses emerge. One focuses on rhetorically-motivated constructions of the subject, and the other on the uses of modality as indices of subject position. I have chosen the example of the conflict over privacy rights because the strongest instances occur in power struggles between individuals and institutions. The samples for analysis are drawn from the discourse of individuals and institutions involved in this conflict. My investigation focuses on power relations involved in control over the hermeneutic authority that influences the determination of speaking subjects and the establishment of truth. At the center of this discussion is the philosophical question of the subject, not only in terms of power over subject construction, but also in terms of the status of subject hood per se. The relationship between the self and discursive constructions of the self is thus examined. At issue is an ethical concern: the individual seems to need both conventionally approved constructions of herself in social contexts, and a measure of independent control over her self such that she has subject integrity. Three types of analyses, corresponding to the three levels of theoretical orientation identified above, inform this investigation: 1.conventional rhetorical analyses (structuralist), as they are exemplified in Kenneth Burke's dramatistic and logological calculus (at the level of global power struggle) 2.micro-analyses (post-structuralist), as they are ex-emplified in Foucault's archaeological approach to power, knowledge, and the speaking subject (at the level of local relations of force and their indices in "statements") 3.^grammatical-pragmatic analyses of modality, evidentiality, and the "statement," informed by studies in social semiotics (at the grammatical level of modality as a linguistic index of power and positionality) This work is intended to contribute to speculative research on how the three levels of analysis might be integrated. The results of this study show correlations between grammatical features of modality and subject status. Where there is a positive correlation, the uses of modality indicate conformity and acceptance in terms of institutional norms. Where there is a negative correlation, modality is not aligned with subject construction, and the "subject" involved is therefore institutionally powerless. She cannot receive a serious audience for her discourse. In the former case the authority invested in speaking subjects also sanctions credibility in the construction of truth and facts. Both reinforcements of, and changes in, the status quo occur only where modality and subject status are aligned with each other in terms of a specific organizational structure and situation. In the latter case where discourse is divorced from salient positionality, the speaker can utter only empty rhetoric. Resourceful individuals, however, may manoeuver within these institutional constraints to both utilize the conventions of discourse and to activate resistance to these restrictions in a field of low-level detectability. Such individuals (bricoleurs) are able to play with the aletheic phemonemon of truth: they retain the social character of convention and at the same time exercise a certain degree of independence or freedom in order to protect the ethical core or integrity of the self. This play is rhetorical strategy par excellence: the individual finds a way of co-existing with the institution. Resistance is thus survival by troping the world. It involves using the modality of the situation and moving the self strategically in and out of position. The bricoleur constructs resourceful faces that please yet deceive, that bend to discursive technology yet serve the self, and that disclose yet conceal. The modality of strategic aletheia is non-canonical and ordinary. One constructs the truths that protect, however temporary. And, however transitory, one makes a self that is at home in the world. / Arts, Faculty of / English, Department of / Graduate

Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs) are widely adopted in speech recognition as well as speaker recognition applications. They are extracted to primarily characterize the spectral envelope of a quasi-stationary speech segment. It was shown that cepstral features are closely related to the linguistic content of speech. Besides the magnitude-based cepstral features, there are resources in speech, e.g, the phase and excitation source, are believed to contain useful properties for speaker discrimination. Moreover, in real situations, there are large variations exist between the development and application scenarios for a speaker recognition system. These include channel mismatch, recording apparatus mismatch, environmental variation, or even change of emotional/healthy state of speakers. As a consequence, the magnitude-based features are insufficient to provide satisfactory and robust speaker recognition accuracy. Therefore, the exploitation of complementary features with MFCCs may provide one solution to alleviate the deficiency, from a feature-based perspective. / Speaker recognition (SR) refers to the process of automatically determining or verifying the identity of a person based on his or her voice characteristics. In practical applications, a voice can be used as one of the modalities in a multimodal biometric system, or be the sole medium for identity authentication. The general area of speaker recognition encompasses two fundamental tasks: speaker identification and speaker verification. / Wang, Ning. / Adviser: Pak-Chung Ching. / Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 73-06, Section: B, page: . / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2011. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 177-193). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Electronic reproduction. [Ann Arbor, MI] : ProQuest Information and Learning, [201-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstract also in Chinese.

Texte remanié de : thèse de doctorat : linguistique : l'Université de Beijing : 2005. / Préface, table des matière, biographie de l'auteur et résumé en englais. Bibliogr; P. 364-384. Notes bibliogr.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-03T11:52:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-05-30Bitstream added on 2015-03-03T12:06:19Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000809507.pdf: 388847 bytes, checksum: 72ab0d94bfb712bcf7908bea1cd38b53 (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Com base em um paradigma funcionalista da linguagem, o objetivo desta dissertação é avaliar a relação existente entre condicionalidade e modalização epistêmica, a ser obtida em análise de corpora disponíveis de língua falada e língua escrita contemporânea do Português do Brasil. Partiu-se da análise da condicional se (eu) não me engano para verificar se, e de que modo, essa condicional atua como modalizador epistêmico, assentada a hipótese de que ela leva a proposição a que se liga para o campo do possível. O exame desse papel de validação que aqui se propõe passou pela avaliação da diferença entre se (eu) não me engano e as condicionais prototípicas. A primeira verificação que se fez é que se (eu) não me engano não apresenta um comportamento prototípico de condicionalidade uma vez que não se relaciona com a apódose em tal linha direta de condicionalidade, embora se institua no nível da proposição. Para este trabalho foram pertinentes incursões relacionadas aos seguintes campos de investigação lingüística: relação entre condicionalidade, modalidade, evidencialidade e (inter)subjetividade; possibilidade e relevância da inserção de se (eu) não me engano em algum ponto do processo de gramaticalização; pertinência da mobilidade sintática para a definição de sua natureza modal; caracterização do tipo de âmbito de incidência da modalização. A partir dessas incursões foi feita uma descrição, com base em dados quantitativos e qualitativos, do comportamento sintático, semântico e pragmático de se (eu) não me engano. A principal observação que se fez é que essa condicional pode ser avaliada como um modalizador epistêmico, uma vez que atua sobre um âmbito de incidência, relativizando o seu valor de verdade / Based on a functionalist paradigm of the language, the objective of this thesis is to evaluate the existing relationship between epistemic modality and conditionality, obtained by analyzing the available corpora in spoken and written contemporary Brazilian Portuguese language. The staring point was the analysis of the conditional form se (eu) não me engano (if I'm not mistaken) to verify whether and how this conditional acts as an epistemic modalizer, assuring the hypothesis that this conditional takes the proposition to which it is connected to the field of possibility. The examination of this validation role that is proposed here went through the evaluation of the difference between the se (eu) não me engano conditional and the prototypical conditionals. The first verification that was made is that the se (eu) não me engano does not present a prototypical behavior of conditionality, since it does not relate to the apodosis in a direct line of conditionality, although it institutes itself on the level of proposition. Some incursions related to the following fields of linguistic investigation were relevant on this work: relationship between conditionality, modality, evidentiality and e (inter)subjectivity; possibility and relevance of the insertion of the se (eu) não me engano in some point of the grammaticalization process; relevance of syntactic mobility on the definition of its modal nature; characterization of the type of context of the modalization. A description of the syntactic, semantic and pragmatic behavior of the se (eu) não me engano was rendered from these incursions, based on quantitative and qualitative data. The major observation made is that this conditional can be valued as an epistemic modalizer, since it acts upon a scope of incidence, relativizing its value of verity

Orientador: Maria Helena de Moura Neves / Banca: Sebastião Carlos Leite Gonçalves / Banca: Marize Mattos Dall'Aglio-Hattnher / Resumo: Com base em um paradigma funcionalista da linguagem, o objetivo desta dissertação é avaliar a relação existente entre condicionalidade e modalização epistêmica, a ser obtida em análise de corpora disponíveis de língua falada e língua escrita contemporânea do Português do Brasil. Partiu-se da análise da condicional se (eu) não me engano para verificar se, e de que modo, essa condicional atua como modalizador epistêmico, assentada a hipótese de que ela leva a proposição a que se liga para o campo do possível. O exame desse papel de validação que aqui se propõe passou pela avaliação da diferença entre se (eu) não me engano e as condicionais prototípicas. A primeira verificação que se fez é que se (eu) não me engano não apresenta um comportamento prototípico de condicionalidade uma vez que não se relaciona com a apódose em tal linha direta de condicionalidade, embora se institua no nível da proposição. Para este trabalho foram pertinentes incursões relacionadas aos seguintes campos de investigação lingüística: relação entre condicionalidade, modalidade, evidencialidade e (inter)subjetividade; possibilidade e relevância da inserção de se (eu) não me engano em algum ponto do processo de gramaticalização; pertinência da mobilidade sintática para a definição de sua natureza modal; caracterização do tipo de âmbito de incidência da modalização. A partir dessas incursões foi feita uma descrição, com base em dados quantitativos e qualitativos, do comportamento sintático, semântico e pragmático de se (eu) não me engano. A principal observação que se fez é que essa condicional pode ser avaliada como um modalizador epistêmico, uma vez que atua sobre um âmbito de incidência, relativizando o seu valor de verdade / Abstract: Based on a functionalist paradigm of the language, the objective of this thesis is to evaluate the existing relationship between epistemic modality and conditionality, obtained by analyzing the available corpora in spoken and written contemporary Brazilian Portuguese language. The staring point was the analysis of the conditional form se (eu) não me engano (if I'm not mistaken) to verify whether and how this conditional acts as an epistemic modalizer, assuring the hypothesis that this conditional takes the proposition to which it is connected to the field of possibility. The examination of this validation role that is proposed here went through the evaluation of the difference between the se (eu) não me engano conditional and the prototypical conditionals. The first verification that was made is that the se (eu) não me engano does not present a prototypical behavior of conditionality, since it does not relate to the apodosis in a direct line of conditionality, although it institutes itself on the level of proposition. Some incursions related to the following fields of linguistic investigation were relevant on this work: relationship between conditionality, modality, evidentiality and e (inter)subjectivity; possibility and relevance of the insertion of the se (eu) não me engano in some point of the grammaticalization process; relevance of syntactic mobility on the definition of its modal nature; characterization of the type of context of the modalization. A description of the syntactic, semantic and pragmatic behavior of the se (eu) não me engano was rendered from these incursions, based on quantitative and qualitative data. The major observation made is that this conditional can be valued as an epistemic modalizer, since it acts upon a scope of incidence, relativizing its value of verity / Mestre

University of Macau / Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities / Department of English

Thesis (PhD)--Macquarie University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Linguistics, 2009. / Bibliography: p. 210-223.

Orientador: Mónica Graciela Zoppi Fontana / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-25T13:06:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Bertagnoli_DanusaLopes_M.pdf: 2006183 bytes, checksum: 03ca41766a53e9bc8d4deb5cabc1197e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: Neste trabalho, procuramos descrever o funcionamento de super como forma livre, especialmente na sua relação com o verbo como, por exemplo, em super quero, super recomendo, super vou comprar etc. Nestes casos, observamos a incidência de super sobre o verbo sem que ele esteja preso à base verbal, mostrando assim um funcionamento diferente do prefixo super- como, por exemplo, em superproteger e superestimar. Para compreendermos este funcionamento analisamos, em um primeiro momento, os aspectos morfossintáticos que caracterizam esta forma, pensando, por um lado, a sua relação com super- (prefixo) e, por outro lado, a sua relação com os verbos sobre os quais incide. Em um segundo momento, procuramos compreender o funcionamento semântico-enunciativo de super, considerando o conceito de Modificador Sobrerrealizante (MS), proposto por García Negroni (1995, 1999), assim como os conceitos de modalização e performatividade. Através deles, pudemos compreender o funcionamento de super como forma livre na enunciação, caracterizando-a como uma marca através da qual o locutor se representa no enunciado, ou ainda como um modo de dizer a partir do qual é possível observar a relação do sujeito com a língua. Por fim, devido à natureza do nosso corpus, que se constitui majoritariamente de enunciados retirados de blogs com temas genericamente caracterizados como femininos, nos propusemos a analisar o espaço de enunciação no qual estes enunciados ocorrem (a blogosfera), bem como as determinações das relações de gênero que observamos neste espaço, a fim de mostrarmos como super pode, entre outras marcas linguísticas, caracterizar um modo de dizer feminino / Abstract: In this work we seek to describe the operation of super as free form, especially in its relation to the verb, for example, super quero (Isuper want), super recomendo (Isuper recommend), super vou comprar (I'm super going to buy), etc. In these cases, we observed the effect of super on the verb without it being attached to the verbal base, thus showing a different operation from that of the prefix super- as, for example, superproteger (overprotect) and superestimar (overrate). In order to understand this operation, at first we analyzed the morphosyntactic aspects that characterize this form, on the one hand thinking its relation to super-(prefix) and, moreover, its relation to the verbs it affects. In a second stage, we sought to understand the semantic-enunciative operation of super,considering the concept of a modifiercalled "surrealisant" (overrealizing) by García Negroni (1995, 1999) as well as the concepts of modality and performativity. Through them, we can understand the operation of super as a free form in the enunciation, characterizing it as a mark by which the speaker represents themselvesin the utterance, or as anenunciative mode in which it is possible to observe the relation between the subject and the language. Finally, due to the nature of our corpus, which consists mainly of utterances taken from blogs with themes generally characterized as feminine, we purposed to analyze the space of enunciation in which these utterancesoccur (the blogosphere), as well as the determinations of gender relations observed in this space in order to show how super can, among other language marks, characterize a feminine enunciative mode / Mestrado / Linguistica / Mestra em Linguística