O objetivo da pesquisa apresentada neste trabalho foi investigar como simular modelos descritos em Unified Modelling Language (UML) para sistemas de software especificados em nível de negócio. Um simulador de um modelo UML em nível de negócio pode ser uma ferramenta útil para um projetista que procura por erros ou modelos incompletos. Usando abordagens de desenvolvimento tradicionais, estes tipos de erros seriam encontrados apenas em estágios posteriores do ciclo de vida de desenvolvimento do sistema. Os principais resultados deste trabalho são a especificação de uma arquitetura de uma máquina virtual capaz de executar todas as ações descritas em um modelo UML, e o protótipo chamado ModSim, o qual executa um modelo UML recebido no formato XML Metadata Interchange (XMI). / The main goal of the research presented in this Master Thesis was to investigate how to simulate UML based models for software systems specified on business level. A simulator of a UML model on business level can be a useful tool for a designer looking for errors or incomplete models. Using traditional development approaches, these kind of errors would be found only on lates stages of the system development. The main results of this work are the specification of an architecture of a virtual machine capable of executing all actions described in the UML model, and the prototype named ModSim, which executes a UML model received in XMI format.

O objetivo da pesquisa apresentada neste trabalho foi investigar como simular modelos descritos em Unified Modelling Language (UML) para sistemas de software especificados em nível de negócio. Um simulador de um modelo UML em nível de negócio pode ser uma ferramenta útil para um projetista que procura por erros ou modelos incompletos. Usando abordagens de desenvolvimento tradicionais, estes tipos de erros seriam encontrados apenas em estágios posteriores do ciclo de vida de desenvolvimento do sistema. Os principais resultados deste trabalho são a especificação de uma arquitetura de uma máquina virtual capaz de executar todas as ações descritas em um modelo UML, e o protótipo chamado ModSim, o qual executa um modelo UML recebido no formato XML Metadata Interchange (XMI). / The main goal of the research presented in this Master Thesis was to investigate how to simulate UML based models for software systems specified on business level. A simulator of a UML model on business level can be a useful tool for a designer looking for errors or incomplete models. Using traditional development approaches, these kind of errors would be found only on lates stages of the system development. The main results of this work are the specification of an architecture of a virtual machine capable of executing all actions described in the UML model, and the prototype named ModSim, which executes a UML model received in XMI format.

Software products have been racing against aging problem for most of their lifecycles, and evolution is the most effective and efficient solution to this problem. Model-Driven Architecture (MDA) is a new technique for software product for evolving development and reengineering methods. The main steps for MDA are to establish models in different levels and phases, therefore to solve the challenges of requirement and technology change. However, there is only a standard established by Object Management Group (OMG) but without a formal method and approach. Presently, MDA is widely researched in both industrial and research areas, however, there is still without a smooth approach to realise it especially in electronic learning (e-learning) system due to the following reasons: (1) models’ transformations are hard to realise because of lack of tools, (2) most of existing mature research results are working for business and government services but not education area, and (3) most of existing model-driven researches are based on Model-Driven Development (MDD) but not MDA because of OMG standard’s preciseness. Hence, it is worth to investigate an MDA-based method and approach to improve the existing software development approach for e-learning system. Due to the features of MDA actuality, a MDA-based evolution method and approach is proposed in this thesis. The fundamental theories of this research are OMG’s MDA standard and education pedagogical knowledge. Unified Modelling Language (UML) and Unified Modelling Language Profile are hired to represent the information of software system from different aspects. This study can be divided into three main parts: MDA-based evolution method and approach research, Platform-Independent Model (PIM) to Platform-Specific Model (PSM) transformation development, and MDA-based electronic learning system evolution. Top-down approach is explored to develop models for e-learning system. A transformation approach is developed to generate Computation Independent Model (CIM), Platform-Independent Model (PIM), and Platform-Specific Model (PSM); while a set of transformation rules are defined following MDA standard to support PSM’ s generation. In addition, proposed method is applied in an e-learning system as a case study with the prototype rules support. In the end, conclusions are drawn based on analysis and further research directions are discussed as well. The kernel contributions are the proposed transformation rules and its application in electronic learning system.

<p>This master thesis is about building an adaptive library based on a platform independent model, which represents a conceptual design realizing the functional requirements being independent of the technologies and software architectures changes.</p><p>This adaptive library is a model, which has a higher level of abstraction than the code that we will generate afterwards, generalizes the solution of those problems that can be resolved using different implementations that uses different kinds of data structures.</p><p>In addition the higher level of abstraction that this adaptive library is having will give a speed up in developing the application and higher quality solution because of the maintainability and reusability. This solution is going to have the propriety to be changed easily in order to solve different concrete problems.</p>

This master thesis is about building an adaptive library based on a platform independent model, which represents a conceptual design realizing the functional requirements being independent of the technologies and software architectures changes. This adaptive library is a model, which has a higher level of abstraction than the code that we will generate afterwards, generalizes the solution of those problems that can be resolved using different implementations that uses different kinds of data structures. In addition the higher level of abstraction that this adaptive library is having will give a speed up in developing the application and higher quality solution because of the maintainability and reusability. This solution is going to have the propriety to be changed easily in order to solve different concrete problems.

La especificación Model Driven Architecture (MDA), es una especialización del desarrollo dirigido por modelos que separa la lógica del negocio del software y las plataformas tecnológicas. Para ello MDA define tres tipos de modelos. Los CIM, Computation Independent Model, asociados al dominio del negocio, los PIM, Platform Independent Model, asociados a modelos abstractos del software, y los PSM, Platform Specific Model, relacionados con modelos de software específicos de plataformas tecnológicas. Sin embargo MDA no detalla cómo deben ser los modelos CIM y tampoco describe cómo deben ser transformados a modelos PIM. Como solución a dicho problema, esta tesis presenta una recomendación que propone un proceso de desarrollo de software basado en la creación de modelos de procesos del negocio, clasificados como CIM, que son asociados a los modelos iniciales del software, considerados PIM. Partiendo de una interpretación válida de MDA, la recomendación propuesta se apoya además en la aplicación de otras disciplinas de gran actualidad. Entre ellas destacamos el uso de desarrollo ágil de software, para la definición adecuada de los procesos del negocio.

Even though there are many software development and project management methodologies available, research and practice both show that IT software development projects still fail, and that the quality of software products does not always meet customers' expectations. There might be multiple causes for such failures, but some of these reasons can be seen to influence or create others. Therefore, the larger the project is, the higher its risk of failure, especially if the teams involved work remotely (distributed and outsourced). This increase in project complexity is considered the motivation for this paper. Similarly, there are other factors that can result in a project's failure and customers' dissatisfaction regarding software quality. All such factors identified by research conducted by organizations specializing in this area are analyzed in order to identify a common root of IT project failures. Once the root causes of these failures have been identified and analyzed, the goal of the Interface based software development methodology is to solve them. The solution offered by an Interface based software development methodology is to improve understanding of software requirements and to describe these requirements with interfaces in an object-oriented way. Interface based software development will support and drive development towards service-oriented architecture (SOA) and component-based development (CBD). The goal of interface based software development is to increase software testability and maintainability and to make it more easily feasible to execute various software development processes in parallel.

L'évolution rapide des besoins dus entre autres à l'innovation technique, la concurrence ou la réglementation conduit souvent à décrire le cadre d'étude des systèmes d'information dans des modèles conceptuels, pour faciliter l'évolution du fonctionnement des systèmes. La mise au point de ces modèles s'effectue en plusieurs phase au cours desquelles collaborent plusieurs équipes de nature différente, chaque intervenant apportant sa perception du système à construire en se limitant à la partie de son domaine de spécialisation. Il faut alors concilier les différentes perceptions. L'objectif essentiel de la thèse est de concevoir les mécanismes permettant d'une part d'obtenir le modèle factorisant les concepts communs à plusieurs modèles et, d'autre part, de proposer aux concepteurs une méthodologie de suivi de l'évolution de la factorisation. Pour réaliser la factorisation, nous avons mis en œuvre l'Analyse Formelle de Concepts et l'Analyse Relationnelle de Concepts (ARC) qui sont des méthodes d'analyse de données basées sur la théorie des treillis. Dans un ensemble d'entités décrites par des caractéristiques, les deux méthodes extraient des concepts formels qui associent un ensemble maximal d'entités à un ensemble maximal de caractéristiques partagées. Ces concepts formels sont structurés dans un ordre partiel de spécialisation qui les munit d'une structure de treillis. L'ARC permet de compléter la description des entités par des relations entre entités. La première contribution de la thèse est une méthode d'analyse de l'évolution de la factorisation d'un modèle basée sur l'AFC et l'ARC. Cette méthode s'appuie la capacité de l'AFC et de l'ARC à faire émerger au sein d'un modèle des abstractions thématiques de niveau supérieur, améliorant ainsi la sémantique des modèles. Nous montrons que ces méthodes peuvent aussi être employées pour suivre l'évolution du processus d'analyse avec des acteurs. Nous introduisons des métriques sur les éléments de modélisation et sur les treillis de concepts qui servent de base à l'élaboration de recommandations. Nous effectuons une expérimentation dans laquelle nous étudions l'évolution des 15 versions du modèle de classes du système d'information SIE-Pesticides. La seconde contribution de la thèse est une étude approfondie du comportement de l'ARC sur des modèles UML. Nous montrons l'influence de la structure des modèles sur différentes variables étudiées (comme les temps d'exécution et la mémoire occupée) au travers de plusieurs expérimentations sur les 15 versions du modèle SIE-Pesticides. Pour cela, nous étudions plusieurs configurations (choix d'éléments et de relations dans le méta-modèle) et plusieurs paramètres (choix d'utiliser les éléments non nommés, choix d'utiliser la navigabilité). Des métriques sont introduites pour guider le concepteur dans le pilotage du processus de factorisation et des recommandations sur les configurations et paramétrages à privilégier sont faites. La dernière contribution est une approche de factorisation inter-modèles afin de regrouper au sein d'un modèle l'ensemble des concepts communs à différents modèles sources conçus par différents experts. Outre le regroupement des concepts communs, cette analyse produit de nouvelles abstractions généralisant des concepts thématiques existants. Nous appliquons notre approche sur les 15 versions du modèle du SIE-Pesticides. L'ensemble de ces travaux s'inscrit dans un cadre de recherche dont l'objectif est de factoriser des concepts thématiques au sein d'un même modèle et de contrôler par des métriques la profusion de concepts produits par l'AFC et surtout par l'ARC. / The rapidly changing needs among other things due to technical innovation, competition and regulation often leads to describe the context for the study of conceptual models in information systems to facilitate the evolution of operating systems. The development of these models is carried out in several phases during which several working teams of different nature, providing each participant's perception of the system to be built is limited to the part of his area of specialization. It must then reconcile the different perceptions.The main objective of the thesis is to design mechanisms to obtain a share of the model factoring concepts common to several models and, secondly, to provide designers with a methodology for monitoring the evolution of factorization.To perform the factorization, we have implemented the Formal Concept Analysis and Relational Concepts Analysis (RCA), which are methods of analysis based on the theory of lattice data. In a set of entities described by features, both methods extract formal concepts that combine a maximum of entities to a maximum set of shared characteristics together. These formal concepts are structured in a partial order of specialization that provides with a lattice structure.The CRA can complement the description of the entities by relationships between entities.The first contribution of the thesis is a textbf {method a model for analyzing the evolution of the factorization based on the FCA and the RCA}. This method builds the capacity of the AFC and the CRA to emerge in a model of thematic abstractions higher level, improving semantic models. We show that these methods can also be used to monitor the analytical process with stakeholders. We introduce metrics on the design elements and the concept lattices which are the basis for the development of recommendations. We conduct an experiment in which we study the evolution of the 15 versions of the model class of information-Pesticides EIS system.The second contribution of this thesis is a textbf {depth study of the behavior of the RCA on UML models.} We show the influence of model structure on different variables studied (such as execution time and memory used) through several experiments on 15 versions of the EIS-Pesticides model. For this, we study several configurations (choice of elements and relations in the meta-model) and several parameters (choice of using unnamed elements, choice of using airworthiness). Metrics are introduced to guide the designer in managing the process of factoring and recommendations on the preferred configurations and settings are made.The last contribution is a textbf {approach to inter-model factorization} to group in a model all the concepts common to different source models designed by different experts. In addition to the consolidation of common concepts, this analysis produces new abstractions generalizing existing thematic concepts. We apply our approach on 15 versions of the model EIS-Pesticides.All this work is part of a research framework which aims to factor thematic concepts within a model and control metrics by the profusion of concepts produced by the FCA and especially by RCA.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-17T14:53:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Simone Melo.pdf: 2880047 bytes, checksum: c872dc02c29d736c1cca896ec5a17ea2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-05-02 / In this work, we develop a medical information system to support medical diagnosis based on an approach oriented to models, in which the system allows sharing of information between physically scattered specialists. The development of a medical information system is done using MDA (Model Drive Architecture) in which the PIM (Platform Independent Model) is created with UML (Unified Modeling Language), and the PSMs (Platform Specific Model) is done according to Web Services Platforms. To implement this system, we devised meta model s for the Web Services, JWSDP (Java Web Services Developement Pack) and WSOracle. Thus, we provide definitions of transformation of UML for the Web Services, JWSDP and WSOracle. The development of the system puts in evidence the process of transformation of PIM for PSM used in MDA. / Neste trabalho, desenvolvemos um sistema de informação médica de auxílio no diagnóstico médico, baseado em uma abordagem orientada a modelos, no qual o sistema permite o compartilhamento de informações entre especialistas fisicamente dispersos. O desenvolvimento do sistema de informação médica foi feito usando MDA (Arquitetura Dirigida a Modelo) em que o PIM (Modelo Independente da Plataforma) foi feito conforme a UML (Linguagem de Modelagem Unificada), e os PSMs (Modelos Específico da Plataforma) conforme as Plataformas dos Web Services. Para implementar este sistema de informação médica, provemos metamodelos para os Web Services, JWSDP (Java Web Services Developer Pack) e WSOracle. Assim, provemos definições de transformação de UML para os Web Services, JWSDP e WSOracle. O desenvolvimento do sistema coloca em evidência o processo de transformação de PIM para PSM, utilizado em MDA.

Mit der stetigen Konsolidierung der Web Service Standards vollzieht sich in der Diskussion zu serviceorientierten Architekturen ein Wechsel weg von der Implementierung und dem Deployment von Services hin zum Service Management. Die Indikatoren: Anzahl der Standardisierungsanfragen und die Menge großer Forschungsprogramme in diesem Bereich sind evident für einen wachsenden Bedarf an Managementmethoden für die Abbildung von Geschäftsanforderungen auf Servicekompositionen. Die Verwendung von semiformalen Modellen sowie die verteilte Entwicklung von SOA Services machen eine an Konventionen orientierte konstruktive Einschränkung der Freiheitsgrade bei der Prozess- und Servicemodellierung notwendig. In dieser Arbeit wird eine generische Methode vorgestellt, welche durch die Einführung von „Beschreibungsrahmen“ (Description Kits) sowohl eine Einschränkung der Modellierungsfreiheit in Bezug auf natürlichsprachliche Aspekte in fachkonzeptuellen Modellen erlaubt, als auch eine restriktive Benutzung bestehender Modellierungssprachen ermöglicht. Als Anwendungsfall wird die Konfiguration serviceorientierter Architekturen diskutiert. - (Die Dissertation ist veröffentlicht im Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH, http://www.logos-verlag.de, ISBN: 978-3-8325-2402-9) / With Service-oriented Architectures (SOA) companies are facing a paradigm shift towards services as the key unit of their enterprise architectures. An exploitation of the potential of Service-oriented Architectures is up to the applicability of semi-formal business models for a transformation into service compositions. However, several conceptual shortcomings prevent semi-formal models from being a suitable resource of an automated transformation process. Problems result from a multitude of modeling aims, objects, and procedures. Enhancements in order to solve these problems require both systematic preparation, and a methodical approach. This thesis provides a modeling method for business process-oriented SOA design using a meta-model based approach. An integrated modeling environment gives an overview of business requirements and allows appropriate assignment of SOA services to the business functions at the same time. The research refers to the example of process-oriented analysis and optimization of administrative procedures in German universities.