Aerated treatment wetlands are an increasingly recognized nature–based technology for thetreatment of domestic and industrial wastewater. As biodegradation is the most importanttreatment mechanism in aerated wetlands, these systems heavily rely on mechanical aerationmediated oxygen transfer to supply the dissolved oxygen demand of the associated microbialcommunity. In the last decade, research on aerated wetlands has evolved, however, majorquestions on aeration, the associated oxygen transfer and the quantitative link to treatmentperformance still remain unknown. Answering these questions can further improve aeratedwetland design to optimize treatment efficacy and economical efficiency. This dissertation investigated the link of oxygen transfer to the air flow rate of aerationand elucidated the associated impact on treatment performance for organic carbon and nitrogenin horizontal flow aerated wetlands. Therefore, a numerical process model includingone dimensional reactive transport was developed. This model describes the main processesinvolved in horizontal flow aerated wetlands: water flow, heat transport, transport of solubleand particulate wastewater pollutants, biodegradation by a network of bacterial communitiesand oxygen transfer through mechanical aeration. For model calibration and validation, pilot–scale experiments in horizontal flow aerated wetlands treating real wastewater were conducted.These included conservative tracer experiments as well as monitoring steady–state operationat variable air flow rates and aeration interruption. In general, the model was able to simulate conservative tracer transport as well as treatmentperformance for organic carbon and nitrogen at steady–state operation and aeration interruptionwith sufficient accuracy. A local sensitivity analysis of the calibrated parameters revealedporosity, hydraulic permeability and dispersion length as well as the oxygen transfer coefficientkLa as most important. When operating the wetland systems at steady–state, aeration provideda mostly aerobe environment, except at the influent zone. However, when aeration wasinterrupted, anaerobe process started to take over and treatment performance declined within3–4 days. The modeling elucidated that methanogenic and sulphate reducing bacteria can playa significant role for organic carbon removal during aeration interruption. Moreover, the modelrevealed a non–linear declining relationship of the air flow rate with oxygen transfer coefficientkLa and of kLa with treatment performance. The alteration of oxygen transfer by wastewaterpollutant concentration was then investigated in a laboratory–scale column experiment. Basedon this experiment, an empirical equation describing the inhibitory effect of soluble chemicaloxygen demand (CODs) on the oxygen transfer coefficient kLa was derived and incorporatedinto the process model. With the extended model several simulation scenarios were analyzedto quantify the impact of the inhibited oxygen transfer on treatment performance. It turnedout that the reduction of oxygen transfer by CODs will, most likely, be relevant only at highinfluent wastewater strength (CODs 300 mg L-1), low aeration (air flow rate 50 L m-2h-1) or when the aerated wetland design includes zoned aeration. With respect to secondarytreatment of domestic effluents at similar strength using a spatially uniform aeration, an airflow rate of approximately 150–200 L m-2 h-1 can be recommended as a reasonable compromisebetween treatment efficiency and robustness. If zoned aeration is intended (e.g. to create a redox zonation), however, the air flow rate should be increased to approximately 400 L m-2 h-1 to supress the inhibition of oxygen transfer by CODs concentration. Furthermore, the air flow rate at steady–state operation (50–500 L m-2 h-1) did not substantially affect the response in effluent concentrations for organic carbon and nitrogen. This means that at steady–state air flow rates of 50–500 L m-2 h-1 operation, treatment efficacy during aeration interruption will deteriorate and recover in a similar time. In conclusion, this dissertation provides quantitative insights into the mechanisms of aeration and treatment performance for organic carbon and nitrogen in horizontal flow aerated treatment wetlands. The findings obtained can support aerated treatment wetland design for research experiments and engineering applications. Therefore, this dissertation represents a significant advancement in the field of aerated treatment wetland research.

<p dir="ltr">This research introduces an approach utilizing a novel conditional generative adversarial network (cGAN) tailored specifically for the prediction of cellular network coverage. In comparison to state-of-the-art method convolutional neural networks (CNNs), our cGAN model offers a significant improvement by translating base station locations within any Region-of-Interest (RoI) into precise coverage probability values within a designated region-of-evaluation (RoE). </p><p dir="ltr">By leveraging base station location data from diverse geographical and infrastructural landscapes spanning regions like India, the USA, Germany, and Brazil, our model demonstrates superior predictive performance compared to existing CNN-based approaches. Notably, the prediction error, as quantified by the L1 norm, is reduced by two orders of magnitude in comparison to state-of-the-art CNN models.</p><p dir="ltr">Furthermore, the coverage manifolds generated by our cGAN model closely resemble those produced by conventional simulation methods, indicating a substantial advancement in both prediction accuracy and visual fidelity. This achievement underscores the potential of cGANs in enhancing the precision and reliability of cellular network performance prediction, offering promising implications for optimizing network planning and deployment strategies.</p>

Benefiting from the constant and significant advancement of wireless communication technologies and networking protocols, Wireless Ad hoc NETwork (WANET) has played a more and more important role in modern communication networks without relying much on existing infrastructures. The past decades have seen numerous applications adopting ad hoc networks for service provisioning. For example, Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) can be widely deployed for environment monitoring and object tracking by utilizing low-cost, low-power and multi-function sensor nodes. To realize such applications, the design and evaluation of communication protocols are of significant importance. Meanwhile, the network performance analysis based on mathematical models is also in great need of development and improvement. This dissertation investigates the above topics from three important and fundamental aspects, including data collection protocol design, protocol modeling and analysis, and physical interference modeling and analysis. The contributions of this dissertation are four-fold. First, this dissertation investigates the synchronization issue in the duty-cycled, pipelined-scheduling data collection of a WSN, based on which a pipelined data collection protocol, called PDC, is proposed. PDC takes into account both the pipelined data collection and the underlying schedule synchronization over duty-cycled radios practically and comprehensively. It integrates all its components in a natural and seamless way to simplify the protocol implementation and to achieve a high energy efficiency and low packet delivery latency. Based on PDC, an Adaptive Data Collection (ADC) protocol is further proposed to achieve dynamic duty-cycling and free addressing, which can improve network heterogeneity, load adaptivity, and energy efficiency. Both PDC and ADC have been implemented in a pioneer open-source operating system for the Internet of Things, and evaluated through a testbed built based on two hardware platforms, as well as through emulations. Second, Linear Sensor Network (LSN) has attracted increasing attention due to the vast requirements on the monitoring and surveillance of a structure or area with a linear topology. Being aware that, for LSN, there is few work on the network modeling and analysis based on a duty-cycled MAC protocol, this dissertation proposes a framework for modeling and analyzing a class of duty-cycled, multi-hop data collection protocols for LSNs. With the model, the dissertation thoroughly investigates the PDC performance in an LSN, considering both saturated and unsaturated scenarios, with and without retransmission. Extensive OPNET simulations have been carried out to validate the accuracy of the model. Third, in the design and modeling of PDC above, the transmission and interference ranges are defined for successful communications between a pair of nodes. It does not consider the cumulative interference from the transmitters which are out of the contention range of a receiver. Since most performance metrics in wireless networks, such as outage probability, link capacity, etc., are nonlinear functions of the distances among communicating, relaying, and interfering nodes, a physical interference model based on distance is definitely needed in quantifying these metrics. Such quantifications eventually involve the Nodal Distance Distribution (NDD) intrinsically depending on network coverage and nodal spatial distribution. By extending a tool in integral geometry and using decomposition and recursion, this dissertation proposes a systematic and algorithmic approach to obtaining the NDD between two nodes which are uniformly distributed at random in an arbitrarily-shaped network. Fourth, with the proposed approach to NDDs, the dissertation presents a physical interference model framework to analyze the cumulative interference and link outage probability for an LSN running the PDC protocol. The framework is further applied to analyze 2D networks, i.e., ad hoc Device-to-Device (D2D) communications underlaying cellular networks, where the cumulative interference and link outage probabilities for both cellular and D2D communications are thoroughly investigated. / Graduate / 0984 / 0544 / tong1987fei@163.com

A importância da geração de energia elétrica hidráulica, dentro dos requisitos de qualidade e fornecimento com índices de confiabilidade cada vez mais exigentes, tem se tornada acentuada, principalmente em atendimento às necessidades de consumo em todas as áreas de atividades produtivas. Têm-se notado que as tecnologias desenvolvidas aliadas às mudanças socioeconômicas trouxeram uma evolução e reestruturação, tanto no setor industrial produtivo como no setor elétrico (concessionárias de energia elétrica e fornecedores de sistemas e equipamentos para usinas hidrelétricas e subestações), com aumento significativo da especialização e da complexidade da automação dos processos envolvidos, onde falhas são consideradas inaceitáveis. Em consequência, têm-se exigido soluções técnicas eficazes e com investimentos reduzidos. Desta forma, a Automação Elétrica, que faz parte dos sistemas de Comando, Controle, Comunicação e Informação altamente integrados (C3I), têm demonstrado uma participação fundamental no atual cenário deste segmento. Então, de maneira a tratar adequadamente esta complexidade, tornar as soluções técnicas cada vez mais seguras e facilitar o estudo e projeto de novos sistemas de controle nesta área, este trabalho apresenta uma metodologia para modelagem e análise de Sistemas de Controle envolvidos na geração hidráulica de energia elétrica. Este trabalho tem como principais desenvolvimentos: uma metodologia que envolve a teoria de controle de SDED juntamente com conceitos e pesquisas na área de Engenharia de Software e um formalismo em Rede de Petri Interpretada por Sinais (RPIS) em conjunto com o paradigma de Orientação a Objetos (OO), representado pela proposta de uma nova RP, a RPIS_OO (Rede de Petri Interpretada por Sinais Orientada a Objetos). Destarte, espera-se que a metodologia e a nova RP propostas nesta tese contribuam na especificação e construção dos algoritmos de controle dos sistemas que participam na automação da geração de energia elétrica hidráulica, como também, no aprimoramento de novas abordagens para o desenvolvimento de sistemas de automação elétrica, representando atualmente o estado da arte nesta área. / The importance of hydroelectric power generation, considering the increasingly demanding supply and quality requirements, has become more pronounced especially seeing the great consumption needs on all productive areas. It\'s noticeable that technology developed with socioeconomic changes have brought evolution and a restructuring both in the industrial and electrical sector (electric companies and power plant equipment manufacturers), with a notable increase in specialization and complexity of the automation of these activities, where faults are considered unacceptable. A demand for more efficient technical solutions and reduced investments has therefore increased greatly. Electrical automation technology as part of highly integrated command, control, communication and information (C3I) systems has demonstrated a crucial involvement in the context of this segment. In order to handle this evolving complexity, creating more secure technical solutions and further research and development of new control systems for this sector, this work introduces a new methodology for modeling and analysis of power plant control systems. A methodology involving the theory of Discrete Event Dynamic Systems (DEDS) and concepts of Software Engineering is presented, as well as a new formalism based on Signal Interpreted Petri Nets (SIPN) together with Object-Oriented Paradigm (OOP) named Object-Oriented Signal Interpreted Petri Nets (OOSIPN). The intention is that methodology proposed in this thesis contributes to the correct specification and construction of control algorithms for power plant control systems, as well as the state of the art in this research area in the form of a new approach to development of such automation systems.

O grande avanço das técnicas de Planejamento em Inteligência Artificial fez com que a Engenharia de Requisitos e a Engenharia do Conhecimento ganhassem extrema importância entre as disciplinas relacionadas a projeto de engenharia (Engineering Design). A especificação, modelagem e análise dos domínios de planejamento automático se tornam etapas fundamentais para melhor entender e classificar os domínios de planejamento, servindo também de guia na busca de soluções. Neste trabalho, é apresentada uma proposta de um ambiente integrado de modelagem e análise de domínios de planejamento, que leva em consideração o ciclo de vida de projeto, representado por uma ferramenta gráfica de modelagem que utiliza diferentes representações: a UML para modelar e analisar as características estáticas dos domínios; XML para armazenar, integrar, e exportar informação para outras linguagens (ex.: PDDL); as Redes de Petri para fazer a análise dinâmica; e a PDDL para testes com planejadores. / The great development in Artificial Intelligence Planning has emphasized the role of Requirements Engineering and Knowledge Engineering among the disciplines that contributes to Engineering Design. The modeling and specification of automated planning domains turn out to be fundamental tasks in order to understand and classify planning domains and guide the application of problem solving techniques. In this work, it is presented the proposed integrated environment for modeling and analyzing automated planning domains, which considered the life cycle of a project, represented by a tool that uses several language representations: UML to model and perform static analyses of planning environments; XML to hold, integrate, share and export information to other language representations (e.g. PDDL); Petri Nets, where dynamic analyses are made; and PDDL for testing models with planners.

A importância da geração de energia elétrica hidráulica, dentro dos requisitos de qualidade e fornecimento com índices de confiabilidade cada vez mais exigentes, tem se tornada acentuada, principalmente em atendimento às necessidades de consumo em todas as áreas de atividades produtivas. Têm-se notado que as tecnologias desenvolvidas aliadas às mudanças socioeconômicas trouxeram uma evolução e reestruturação, tanto no setor industrial produtivo como no setor elétrico (concessionárias de energia elétrica e fornecedores de sistemas e equipamentos para usinas hidrelétricas e subestações), com aumento significativo da especialização e da complexidade da automação dos processos envolvidos, onde falhas são consideradas inaceitáveis. Em consequência, têm-se exigido soluções técnicas eficazes e com investimentos reduzidos. Desta forma, a Automação Elétrica, que faz parte dos sistemas de Comando, Controle, Comunicação e Informação altamente integrados (C3I), têm demonstrado uma participação fundamental no atual cenário deste segmento. Então, de maneira a tratar adequadamente esta complexidade, tornar as soluções técnicas cada vez mais seguras e facilitar o estudo e projeto de novos sistemas de controle nesta área, este trabalho apresenta uma metodologia para modelagem e análise de Sistemas de Controle envolvidos na geração hidráulica de energia elétrica. Este trabalho tem como principais desenvolvimentos: uma metodologia que envolve a teoria de controle de SDED juntamente com conceitos e pesquisas na área de Engenharia de Software e um formalismo em Rede de Petri Interpretada por Sinais (RPIS) em conjunto com o paradigma de Orientação a Objetos (OO), representado pela proposta de uma nova RP, a RPIS_OO (Rede de Petri Interpretada por Sinais Orientada a Objetos). Destarte, espera-se que a metodologia e a nova RP propostas nesta tese contribuam na especificação e construção dos algoritmos de controle dos sistemas que participam na automação da geração de energia elétrica hidráulica, como também, no aprimoramento de novas abordagens para o desenvolvimento de sistemas de automação elétrica, representando atualmente o estado da arte nesta área. / The importance of hydroelectric power generation, considering the increasingly demanding supply and quality requirements, has become more pronounced especially seeing the great consumption needs on all productive areas. It\'s noticeable that technology developed with socioeconomic changes have brought evolution and a restructuring both in the industrial and electrical sector (electric companies and power plant equipment manufacturers), with a notable increase in specialization and complexity of the automation of these activities, where faults are considered unacceptable. A demand for more efficient technical solutions and reduced investments has therefore increased greatly. Electrical automation technology as part of highly integrated command, control, communication and information (C3I) systems has demonstrated a crucial involvement in the context of this segment. In order to handle this evolving complexity, creating more secure technical solutions and further research and development of new control systems for this sector, this work introduces a new methodology for modeling and analysis of power plant control systems. A methodology involving the theory of Discrete Event Dynamic Systems (DEDS) and concepts of Software Engineering is presented, as well as a new formalism based on Signal Interpreted Petri Nets (SIPN) together with Object-Oriented Paradigm (OOP) named Object-Oriented Signal Interpreted Petri Nets (OOSIPN). The intention is that methodology proposed in this thesis contributes to the correct specification and construction of control algorithms for power plant control systems, as well as the state of the art in this research area in the form of a new approach to development of such automation systems.

<p>U&nbsp; radu&nbsp; je&nbsp; analizirana&nbsp; efektivnost&nbsp; za&scaron;tićenih područja&nbsp; Srbije&nbsp; u&nbsp; sada&scaron;njosti&nbsp; i&nbsp; budućnosti&nbsp; na osnovu&nbsp; zastupljenosti&nbsp; povoljnih&nbsp; stani&scaron;ta&nbsp; i centara&nbsp; diverziteta&nbsp; 116&nbsp; običnih&nbsp; vrsta&nbsp; ptica odabranih na osnovu 11 kriterijuma. Zasebno su evaluirana&nbsp; za&scaron;tićena&nbsp; prirodna&nbsp; dobara, međunarodno značajna područja za ptice (IBA) i mreža nastala preklapanjem dva tipa za&scaron;tićenih područja.&nbsp; Povoljna&nbsp; stani&scaron;ta&nbsp; istraživanih&nbsp; vrsta utvrđena su modelovanjem distribucije vrsta uz pomoć&nbsp; MaxEnt&nbsp; pristupa,&nbsp; a&nbsp; modeli&nbsp; distribucije projektovani&nbsp; su&nbsp; na&nbsp; četiri&nbsp; različita&nbsp; scenarija klimatskih&nbsp; promena&nbsp; u&nbsp; budućnosti&nbsp; (2050. godina).&nbsp; IBA&nbsp; mreža&nbsp; pokazala&nbsp; se&nbsp; kao&nbsp; značajno<br />efektivnija za za&scaron;titu stani&scaron;ta istraživanih vrsta i centara&nbsp; njihvog&nbsp; diverziteta&nbsp; u&nbsp; odnosu&nbsp; na&nbsp; mrežu za&scaron;tićenih&nbsp; prirodnih&nbsp; dobara,&nbsp; a&nbsp; slična&nbsp; situacija predviđena&nbsp; je&nbsp; i&nbsp; u&nbsp; budućnosti.&nbsp; Oba&nbsp; tipa za&scaron;tićenih&nbsp; područja&nbsp; pokrivala&nbsp; su&nbsp; u&nbsp; proseku srazmerno&nbsp; mali&nbsp; procenat&nbsp; povoljnih&nbsp; stani&scaron;ta istraživanih&nbsp; vrsta&nbsp; (za&scaron;tićena&nbsp; prirodna&nbsp; dobra&nbsp; &ndash;<br />10,4%;&nbsp; IBA&nbsp; &ndash;&nbsp; 21,9%)&nbsp; i&nbsp; dovela&nbsp; su&nbsp; do ostvarivanja konzervacionih ciljeva malog broja vrsta (za&scaron;tićena prirodna dobra&nbsp; &ndash;&nbsp; 11; IBA&nbsp; -&nbsp; 37), dok&nbsp; su&nbsp; centri&nbsp; diverziteta&nbsp; istraživanih&nbsp; vrstasrazmerno&nbsp; slabo&nbsp; zastupljeni&nbsp; unutar&nbsp; obe&nbsp; mreže (za&scaron;tićena&nbsp; prirodna&nbsp; dobra&nbsp; &ndash;&nbsp; 9,8%;&nbsp; IBA&nbsp; &ndash; 25,4%).&nbsp; Za&scaron;tićena&nbsp; područja&nbsp; nisu&nbsp; pokazale<br />značajno&nbsp; veću&nbsp; efektivnost&nbsp; za&nbsp; konzervaciono prioritetnt&nbsp; vrste&nbsp; i&nbsp; njihov&nbsp; diverzitet.&nbsp; Za&scaron;tićena prirodna&nbsp; dobra&nbsp; i&nbsp; IBA&nbsp; mreža&nbsp; u&nbsp; Srbiji&nbsp; značajno bolje&nbsp; pokrivaju&nbsp; stani&scaron;ta&nbsp; i&nbsp; centre&nbsp; diverziteta &scaron;umskih vrsta i vrsta kamenjara, klisura i litica, dok&nbsp; su&nbsp; povoljna&nbsp; stani&scaron;ta&nbsp; i&nbsp; centri&nbsp; diverziteta gnezdarica&nbsp; poljoprivrednih&nbsp; stani&scaron;ta,&nbsp; naselja&nbsp; i vodenih&nbsp; stani&scaron;ta&nbsp; izrazito&nbsp; slabo&nbsp; zastupljena. Stani&scaron;ta&nbsp; gnezdarica&nbsp; nizijskih&nbsp; poljoprivrednih<br />stani&scaron;ta&nbsp; naročito&nbsp; su&nbsp; slabo&nbsp; zastupljena&nbsp; unutar za&scaron;tićenih&nbsp; prirodnih&nbsp; dobara&nbsp; i&nbsp; IBA&nbsp; mreže,&nbsp; koja za&nbsp; ovu&nbsp; grupu&nbsp; nisu&nbsp; dovela&nbsp; do&nbsp; postizanja konzervacionih&nbsp; ciljeva.&nbsp; Razlike&nbsp; u&nbsp; efektivnosti za&scaron;tićenih&nbsp; područja&nbsp; za&nbsp; gnezdarice&nbsp; različitih tipova&nbsp; stani&scaron;ta&nbsp; u&nbsp; budućnosti&nbsp; će&nbsp; se&nbsp; generalno povećavati,&nbsp; usled&nbsp; predviđenog&nbsp; smanjivanja<br />areala većine &scaron;umskih vrsta koje će se povlačiti u&nbsp; za&scaron;titom&nbsp; bolje&nbsp; pokrivene&nbsp; planinske&nbsp; predele&nbsp; i &scaron;irenja areala većine gnezdarica poljoprivrednih i&nbsp; vodenih&nbsp; stani&scaron;ta&nbsp; na&nbsp; neza&scaron;tićena&nbsp; nizijska područja. Za deo vrsta među kojima dominiraju<br />gnezdarice&nbsp; brdsko-planinskih&nbsp; &scaron;umskih&nbsp; i&nbsp; drugih prirodnih&nbsp; stani&scaron;ta&nbsp; glavna&nbsp; strategija&nbsp; za&scaron;tite podrazumeva&nbsp; precizno&nbsp; pro&scaron;irenje&nbsp; granica sada&scaron;njih&nbsp; za&scaron;tićenih&nbsp; područja&nbsp; uz&nbsp; upravljanje orentisano&nbsp; ka&nbsp; očuvanju&nbsp; prirodnih&nbsp; stani&scaron;ta&nbsp; i smanjenju&nbsp; iskori&scaron;ćavanja&nbsp; resursa.&nbsp; Sa&nbsp; druge strane,&nbsp; za&nbsp; većinu&nbsp; gnezdarica&nbsp; poljoprivrednih&nbsp; i<br />travnih stani&scaron;ta, naročito u nizijskim predelima, efektivna&nbsp; strategija&nbsp; bila&nbsp; bi&nbsp;&nbsp; definisanje&nbsp; potpuno novih&nbsp; i&nbsp; prostranih&nbsp; za&scaron;tićenih&nbsp; područja orijentisanih&nbsp; ka&nbsp; održavanju&nbsp; povoljnog&nbsp; režima upravljanja&nbsp; i&nbsp; kori&scaron;ćenja&nbsp; prostora.&nbsp; Rad&nbsp; ukazuje<br />na velike mogućnosti kori&scaron;ćenja nesistematično prikupljenih&nbsp; podataka&nbsp; profesionalnih&nbsp; i amaterskih&nbsp; ornitologa&nbsp; uz&nbsp; primenu&nbsp; tehnika modelovanja&nbsp; distribucije&nbsp; vrsta,&nbsp; ali&nbsp; nagla&scaron;ava potrebu&nbsp; za&nbsp; pokretanjem&nbsp; &scaron;irokih&nbsp; programa<br />sistematskog&nbsp; popisa,&nbsp; kartiranja&nbsp; i&nbsp; monitoringa običnih vrsta ptica.</p> / <p>The&nbsp; study&nbsp;&nbsp; analyzes&nbsp; the&nbsp; effectiveness&nbsp; of protected areas in Serbia presently as well as in the&nbsp; future,&nbsp; based&nbsp; on&nbsp; the&nbsp; representation&nbsp; of suitable habitats and centers of diversity for 116 common&nbsp; species of&nbsp; birds,&nbsp; selected on the&nbsp; basis of&nbsp; 11&nbsp; criteria.&nbsp; Nationally&nbsp; protected&nbsp; areas, Important&nbsp; Bird&nbsp; and&nbsp; Biodiversity&nbsp; areas&nbsp; (IBAs) and&nbsp; networks formed&nbsp; by overlapping these two types&nbsp; of&nbsp; protected&nbsp; areas&nbsp; have&nbsp; been&nbsp; evaluated separately. Suitable habitats of the species in the study&nbsp; were&nbsp; determined&nbsp; by&nbsp; species&nbsp; distribution modeling&nbsp; using&nbsp; the&nbsp; MaxEnt&nbsp; approach,&nbsp; and&nbsp; the distribution&nbsp; models&nbsp; were&nbsp; projected&nbsp; to&nbsp; four different&nbsp; climate&nbsp; change&nbsp; scenarios&nbsp; in&nbsp; future (year&nbsp; 2050).&nbsp; The&nbsp; IBA&nbsp; network&nbsp; proved&nbsp; to&nbsp; be significantly more effective for the&nbsp; protection of habitats&nbsp; of&nbsp; studied&nbsp; species&nbsp; and&nbsp; centers&nbsp; of&nbsp; their diversity, compared&nbsp; to the network of nationally protected&nbsp; areas,&nbsp; and&nbsp; a&nbsp; similar&nbsp; situation&nbsp; is projected for the future. Both types of protected areas&nbsp; on&nbsp; average&nbsp; covered&nbsp; a&nbsp; relatively&nbsp; small percentage of suitable habitats for most species (10.4%&nbsp; in&nbsp; nationaly&nbsp; protected&nbsp; areas,&nbsp; 21.9%&nbsp; in IBA)&nbsp; and&nbsp; meet&nbsp; conservation&nbsp; goals&nbsp; only&nbsp; for&nbsp; a&nbsp; small&nbsp; number&nbsp; of&nbsp; species&nbsp; (11&nbsp; for&nbsp; nationaly protected&nbsp; areas,&nbsp; 37&nbsp; for&nbsp; IBA).&nbsp; Diversity&nbsp; centers for&nbsp; species&nbsp; in&nbsp; the&nbsp; study&nbsp; are&nbsp; relatively&nbsp; poorlyrepresented within all three networks&nbsp; (9.8% for nationaly&nbsp; protected&nbsp; areas&nbsp; and&nbsp; 25.4%&nbsp; for&nbsp; IBA). Protected&nbsp; areas&nbsp; did&nbsp; not&nbsp; show&nbsp; significantly higher&nbsp; effectiveness&nbsp; for&nbsp; the&nbsp; conservation&nbsp; of priority&nbsp; species&nbsp; and&nbsp; their&nbsp; diversity.&nbsp; Nationaly protected&nbsp; areas&nbsp; and&nbsp; the&nbsp; IBA&nbsp; network&nbsp; in&nbsp; Serbia have&nbsp; a&nbsp; significantly&nbsp; better&nbsp; coverage&nbsp; of&nbsp; habitats and&nbsp; centers&nbsp; of&nbsp; diversity&nbsp; for&nbsp; forest&nbsp; species&nbsp; and species&nbsp; of&nbsp; rocky&nbsp; habitats,&nbsp; cliffs&nbsp; and&nbsp; gorges, while&nbsp; suitable&nbsp; habitats&nbsp; and&nbsp; centers&nbsp; of&nbsp; diversity for breeding birds of farmlands, settlements and aquatic&nbsp; habitats&nbsp; are&nbsp; very&nbsp; poorly&nbsp; represented. Habitats of breeding birds of lowland&nbsp; armlands are&nbsp; particularly&nbsp; poorly&nbsp; represented&nbsp; within protected&nbsp; natural&nbsp; assets&nbsp; and&nbsp; the&nbsp; IBA&nbsp; network, and this measure does not meet the conservation goals for this group of birds. Differences in the effectiveness&nbsp; of&nbsp; protected&nbsp; areas&nbsp; for&nbsp; breeding birds&nbsp; of&nbsp; various&nbsp; habitat&nbsp; types&nbsp; will&nbsp; generally increase&nbsp; in&nbsp; the&nbsp; future,&nbsp; due&nbsp; to&nbsp; the&nbsp; anticipated range decrease&nbsp; for&nbsp; most forest species that will withdraw&nbsp; to&nbsp; the&nbsp; better&nbsp; conserved&nbsp; mountainous areas, whereas range of the majority o f breeding birds&nbsp; of&nbsp; farmland&nbsp; and&nbsp; aquatic&nbsp; habitats&nbsp; will&nbsp; be expanded&nbsp; to&nbsp; unprotected&nbsp; lowland&nbsp; areas.&nbsp; For some&nbsp; of&nbsp; the&nbsp; species,&nbsp; mostly&nbsp; birds&nbsp; of&nbsp; hill&nbsp; and mountain&nbsp; forests and other natural&nbsp; habitats, the main&nbsp; conservation&nbsp; strategy&nbsp; implies&nbsp; precise boundaries&nbsp; extension&nbsp; of&nbsp; the&nbsp; current&nbsp; protected areas&nbsp; with&nbsp; management&nbsp; directed&nbsp; towards preserving&nbsp; natural&nbsp; habitats&nbsp; and&nbsp; reducing&nbsp; the utilization&nbsp; of&nbsp; resources.&nbsp; On&nbsp; the&nbsp; other&nbsp; hand,&nbsp; for most&nbsp; of&nbsp; the&nbsp; farmland&nbsp; and&nbsp; grassland&nbsp; species, especially in the lowlands, an effective strategy would&nbsp; be&nbsp; to&nbsp; define&nbsp; completely&nbsp; new&nbsp; and spacious&nbsp; protected&nbsp; areas&nbsp; oriented&nbsp; towards maintaining a favorable regime for management and&nbsp; landuse. The&nbsp; study&nbsp; demonstrates that there are&nbsp; great&nbsp; possibilities&nbsp; of&nbsp; using&nbsp; nonsystematically&nbsp; collected&nbsp; data&nbsp; from&nbsp; professiona l and&nbsp; amateur&nbsp; ornithologists,&nbsp; for&nbsp; application&nbsp; in species&nbsp; distribution&nbsp; modeling,&nbsp; but&nbsp; also emphasizes&nbsp; the&nbsp; need&nbsp; to&nbsp; launch&nbsp; extensive programs for systematic inventory, mapping and monitoring of common bird species.</p>

Master thesis deals with a computing simulation of two props turbines lines. The thesis output is gaining maximum possible load, at which a commencement of deformation stability critical state for various geometrical imperfections has not arisen yet. The calculation has been done by FEM in two different ways: linear solution (using a calculation conversion into eigenbuckling) and nonlinear solution (using a FEM deformation option). Result analysis compares both methods outcomes. Safety factor for the props operation has been proposed taking into consideration known influences on operating state.

O grande avanço das técnicas de Planejamento em Inteligência Artificial fez com que a Engenharia de Requisitos e a Engenharia do Conhecimento ganhassem extrema importância entre as disciplinas relacionadas a projeto de engenharia (Engineering Design). A especificação, modelagem e análise dos domínios de planejamento automático se tornam etapas fundamentais para melhor entender e classificar os domínios de planejamento, servindo também de guia na busca de soluções. Neste trabalho, é apresentada uma proposta de um ambiente integrado de modelagem e análise de domínios de planejamento, que leva em consideração o ciclo de vida de projeto, representado por uma ferramenta gráfica de modelagem que utiliza diferentes representações: a UML para modelar e analisar as características estáticas dos domínios; XML para armazenar, integrar, e exportar informação para outras linguagens (ex.: PDDL); as Redes de Petri para fazer a análise dinâmica; e a PDDL para testes com planejadores. / The great development in Artificial Intelligence Planning has emphasized the role of Requirements Engineering and Knowledge Engineering among the disciplines that contributes to Engineering Design. The modeling and specification of automated planning domains turn out to be fundamental tasks in order to understand and classify planning domains and guide the application of problem solving techniques. In this work, it is presented the proposed integrated environment for modeling and analyzing automated planning domains, which considered the life cycle of a project, represented by a tool that uses several language representations: UML to model and perform static analyses of planning environments; XML to hold, integrate, share and export information to other language representations (e.g. PDDL); Petri Nets, where dynamic analyses are made; and PDDL for testing models with planners.

Cette thèse a pour objectif de contribuer à la modélisation, à la simulation et à l’analyse des signaux contenant des potentiels d’action extracellulaires (EAPs), tels que mesurés in-vivo par des microélectrodes implantées dans le cerveau. Les modèles actuels pour la simulation des EAPs consistent soit en des modèles compartimentaux très détaillés et lourds en calcul, soit en des modèles dipolaires jugés trop simplistes. Dans un premier temps, une approche de simulation des EAPs se situant entre ces deux extrêmes est proposée, où la somme des contributions des compartiments du neurone est traitée comme une convolution, appliquée aux courants membranaires d’un seul compartiment actif. L'analyse des EAPs passe par une étape de classification des potentiels d'action détectés dans le signal enregistré, qui consiste à discriminer les formes de potentiels d’action et ainsi à identifier l'activité de neurones uniques. Dans cette thèse, une nouvelle approche basée sur l’inférence bayésienne est développée permettant l'extraction et la classification simultanées des EAPs. La méthode est appliquée à des signaux générés à l'aide de l'approche de simulation proposée plus haut, confirmant la qualité de la méthode de classification introduite et illustrant la capacité de la méthode de simulation à générer des EAPs réalistes de formes diverses et discriminables. Nous avons enrichi une modélisation de l’activité hippocampique réalisée dans l’équipe permettant de reproduire des oscillations dans ces bandes fréquentielles spécifiques en introduisant les EAPs, ceci afin d’évaluer les contributions de l'activité synaptique et celle des potentiels d’action à certaines bandes de fréquence des signaux enregistrés. Finalement, une étude sur signaux réels enregistrés dans le cadre de l'étude de la perception des visages chez l'homme a été menée, illustrant les performances de la méthode de spike sorting proposée dans un cadre réel et ouvrant la discussion sur les perspectives qu'offrent ces travaux de thèse pour l'étude de questions neuroscientifiques basées sur l'analyse de signaux multi-échelle. / The objective of this thesis is to contribute to the modelling, simulation and analysis of signals containing extracellular action potentials (EAPs), as measured in vivo by microelectrodes implanted in the brain. Current models for the EAPs simulation consist either of very detailed and computationally heavy compartmental models or dipole models considered too simplistic. An EAP simulation approach between these two extremes is proposed, where the sum of the contributions of the neuron compartments is treated as a convolution, applied to the membrane currents of a single active compartment. The analysis of EAPs involves a step of classifying the action potentials detected in the recorded signal, which consists in discriminating the forms of action potentials and thus identifying the activity of single neurons In this thesis, a new approach based on Bayesian inference is developed allowing the simultaneous extraction and classification of EAPs. The method is applied to signals generated using the simulation approach proposed above, confirming the quality of the sorting method introduced and illustrating the ability of the simulation method to generate realistic EAPs of various and discriminatory forms. We modified a model of hippocampal activity previously proposed in our team, able to reproduce oscillations in specific frequency bands, by including the EAPs model, which allowed to evaluate the contributions of synaptic activity and that of action potentials the recorded signals. Finally, a study on real signals recorded as part of the study of face perception in humans is conducted, illustrating the performance of the proposed spike sorting method in a real setting and opening the discussion on the perspectives offered by this thesis work for the study of neuroscientific questions based on multiscale signal analysis.