This thesis investigates the ways in which literary and artistic modernism interpreted the Spanish institution of the corrida, or the bullfight. The sheer volume of modernist intellectuals who engaged with the corrida is startling. From Joyce to Picasso, Stein to Hemingway, Leiris to Lawrence, the bullfight provided inspiration to so many of the writers and artists of canonical modernism. Indeed, the relevance of the corrida to modernist intellectuals is perhaps captured best by Michel Leiris’s lucid metaphor of the bullfight as a mirror revealing ‘certain dark parts of ourselves’. In other words, in addition to providing the content of literature of the early twentieth century, many of the writers we identify as modernist used the corrida in a metaphorical capacity too. In light of this, it seems significant that the peak of modern interest in the corrida occurred in the context of a cultural crisis in western civilization in the first half of the twentieth century. Thus the key questions that this thesis seeks to address are as follows: why did the modernist gaze rest so intently upon the corrida? Why did so many European intellectuals cling to bullfighting and insist upon its enduring relevance given the apparent paradox between its own lack of adaptation to modern conditions and the very ‘newness’ that modernism championed? To what extent did the corrida act as a mirror to many of the cultural tensions problems addressed by modernism? How did modernism’s engagement with bullfighting, and the easy manner in which Hemingway’s body of work came to stand alone for that rich engagement, affect subsequent works that focussed on the bullring? These phenomena are examined in the context of the anomic cultural landscape of the era, taking into consideration the artistic, sexual and archaeological revolutions that informed and affected writers of the time.

Food and Pleasure in Modern American Literature is a study of the dynamics of pleasure in literary scenes of food, eating, and hungering in American poetry and novels from the early 20th century to the present. From infamous poetic instances of plums and memorialized moveable feasts in the early twentieth century to present-day preoccupations with overdetermined foods and bodies, food scenes in literature help develop character, play out cultural or social dynamics, or dramatize appetite and desire. In many instances, pleasure (or its absence) is what gives such scenes weight and dimension. I apply tools and concepts from both structuralism and phenomenology to explore the tensions between seemingly opposing ideas introduced in food-focused texts, which have been selected from a broad range of genres and eras. Chapters 2 through 6 focus specifically on poetry, which offers the opportunity to explore specific structuralist and phenomenological concepts within the space of a few lines, for closer attention. Chapters 7 through 10 examine fiction and non-fiction prose at lengths which permit many more layers of conflict and desire in regard to food and pleasure. The culminating chapters examine contemporary food writing and recent novels that shed light on the food issues of the present day. / English

in English The papers contain a finding of the national literature in between novels in the Central Europe at the age of modernism in 20s and 30s o 20th century. The idea definition of national novel in the literatures of Central Europe is difficult and complicated process. This papers work with literal texts as a part of national literature with polish novel Przedwiośnie by Stefan Zeromsky, hungarian novel Édes Anna by Deszo Kosztolanyi, slovakian novel Cesta životom by Ladislav Nádasi-Jégé, czech novel Osudy dobrého vojáka Švejka by Jaroslav Hašek and austrian novel Mann ohne Eingeschafen by Robert Musil. The finding is divided into two parts - first is finding of national novel - second is about national character. Both situations are actualized with new terms - novel of the nation and character of the nation. Both literary terms correspond to objects that are not directly denouncing the life of the nation, but produces its main ideas and identification. The slovakian and the hungarian novel focus on the struggle of individual characters with society and their new status. In the contrary to the austrian and the czech novel reveal the principle of applying national characteristics in literary philosophical swirl. The polish novel is stranded somewhere in between these two types of novel. Key...

in English The papers contain a finding of the national literature in between novels in the Central Europe at the age of modernism in 20s and 30s o 20th century. The idea definition of national novel in the literatures of Central Europe is difficult and complicated process. This papers work with literal texts as a part of national literature with polish novel Przedwiośnie by Stefan Zeromsky, hungarian novel Édes Anna by Deszo Kosztolanyi, slovakian novel Cesta životom by Ladislav Nádasi-Jégé, czech novel Osudy dobrého vojáka Švejka by Jaroslav Hašek and austrian novel Mann ohne Eingeschafen by Robert Musil. The finding is divided into two parts - first is finding of national novel - second is about national character. Both situations are actualized with new terms - novel of the nation and character of the nation. Both literary terms correspond to objects that are not directly denouncing the life of the nation, but produces its main ideas and identification. The slovakian and the hungarian novel focus on the struggle of individual characters with society and their new status. In the contrary to the austrian and the czech novel reveal the principle of applying national characteristics in literary philosophical swirl. The polish novel is stranded somewhere in between these two types of novel. Key...

This thesis investigates the rise of aviation and its influence on modernist literature in the first half of the twentieth century, arguing that the emergence of heavier-than-air flight facilitated experimentation and innovation in modernist writing in order to capture the new experience of flight and its impact on the modern world. Previous critical discussions largely focus on militarist and nationalist ideas and beliefs regarding the uses of the aeroplane, and in doing so overlook the diversity of attitudes and approaches towards aviation that had greater influence on modernist thought. Through a historicist reading of a selection of modernist texts, this study extends scholarly debates by linking alternative views of aviation and modernist literary and narrative experimentation. I begin my study by exploring how H.G. Wells's calls for the establishment of a world government (necessitated by the emergence of aviation) led to an increasingly assertive and urgent tone in his later writings. His works serve as a useful starting point to read the more experimental, modernist prose forms that follow in his wake. While Wells's texts were affected on a pragmatic level, those of the modernists were affected in a more imaginative, perceptual, and sensory way, which highlights the deeper extent to which aviation influenced modernist thought. For Virginia Woolf, the all-encompassing aerial view offered a new way of seeing the connections between living things, leading to an expanded narrative scope in her later writings. For William Faulkner, flight as aerial performance and spectacle was a liberating experience and became a metaphor for escape from an increasingly capitalistic and creativity-deprived world. John Dos Passos, in contrast, saw the effects of air travel as harmful to the human senses and perceptions of the world around, leading him to incorporate aspects of flight into his fast-paced, multi-modal narratives in order to convey and critique the disorienting and alienating experience of flight. Collectively, these chapters show that as much as the aeroplane was capable of causing mass destruction, it was also constructive in the way that it enabled these new ways of thinking, and it is this complex and paradoxical nature, this thesis proposes, that makes the aeroplane an important modernist symbol.

Submitted by Larissa Fernanda Steinle (larissasteinle@gmail.com) on 2018-06-26T15:39:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertação biblioteca.pdf: 1409662 bytes, checksum: 247c80add8498b6bf36c094b82872350 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Priscila Carreira B Vicentini null (priscila@fclar.unesp.br) on 2018-06-26T19:36:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 steinle_lf_me_arafcl.pdf: 1377419 bytes, checksum: eaeceaa4158c353454d55af4c6529d45 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-06-26T19:36:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 steinle_lf_me_arafcl.pdf: 1377419 bytes, checksum: eaeceaa4158c353454d55af4c6529d45 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-04-27 / A pesquisa propõe o estudo da presença da cultura popular na poesia de Manuel Bandeira, por meio da análise do modo como ritmos de textos criados pelo imaginário popular são incorporados à poesia de autoria do poeta modernista. Sendo assim, partimos inicialmente do levantamento de poemas que evocam explicitamente a literatura popular de tradição oral para, em seguida, analisar os aspectos formais que constituem o nível rítmico dos poemas, visando a sempre estabelecer uma ligação entre aspectos rítmicos e semânticos, ao estudo não apenas da estrutura, mas da função exercida por ela no poema. Para tanto, utilizamos como fundamentação teórica as lições sobre ritmo e análise de poemas presentes em O estudo analítico do poema (2006), de Antonio Candido; os ensinamentos sobre fonologia, expressos por Roman Jakobson, em Seis lições sobre o som e o sentido (1977), dentre outros estudos. Sobre a obra do poeta, Manuel Bandeira, consultamos obras críticas como Humildade, paixão e morte (2009), de Davi Arrigucci Jr. e Manuel Bandeira: verso e reverso (1987), livro organizado por Telê Porto Ancona Lopes. O caráter popular da poesia de Bandeira é abordado por meio de diversos estudos e registros da cultura e da música populares brasileiras realizados por Mário de Andrade e de obras como Literatura oral no Brasil (1984), de Luis da Câmara Cascudo. Foram selecionados seis poemas, distribuídos em quatro livros do poeta, sendo que dentre eles encontramos diferentes tipos de composições populares, sendo elas cantigas infantis, acalantos e orações. Espera-se assim, compreender o papel da cultura popular na obra de Manuel Bandeira. / This research intends to study the presence of the popular culture in Manuel Bandeira’s poetry, through the analysis of the manner in which the rhythms of the texts created by the popular imaginary are incorporated into the modernist author’s works. Thus, we start by the selection of poems that explicitly evoked the popular literature of oral tradition to, in sequence, analyze the formal aspects that constitute the rhythmic level of the poems. In so doing, we seek to establish a connection between the rhythmic and the semantic aspects, in order to study, not only the structure, but also the role it plays in the poem. For this purpose, we use as theoretical basis the lessons about rhythm and poem analysis present in O estudo analítico do poema (2006), by Antonio Candido and the teachings about phonology expressed by Roman Jakobson in Seis lições sobre o som e o sentido (1977), among others. About Manuel Bandeira’s works, we will consult critical works such as Humildade, paixão e morte (2009) by Davi Arrigucci Jr. and Manuel Bandeira: verso e reverso (1987), a book organized by Telê Porto Ancona Lopes. The popular aspect of Bandeira’s poetry is approached through several studies and registers of Brazilian’s popular culture and music by Mário de Andrade, works such as Literatura oral no Brasil (1984), by Luís da Camara Cascudo. We selected six poems distributed among four of the author’s books, among which we find different kinds of popular compositions, like children’s songs, lullabies, prayers, among others. Thereby, we hope to comprehend the role played by popular culture in Manuel Bandeira’s works

<p>This dissertation traces invocations and theories of electric power in modernist literature by women, showing how four modernist authors—Edith Wharton, Hilda Doolittle (H.D.), Olive Moore, and Jean Rhys—deploy electricity in their fiction and highlight its varied and contradictory cultural meanings. Modernist literature by women leverages the open and strange impressions from the era of what electricity might mean, so that authors might make their own arguments about where artistic impulses originate, how homes would change when they became wired, how modernization would change modernist art forms, or why some social spaces gleam brighter than others. Edith Wharton and Jean Rhys highlight cultural and class system dynamics with their electric metaphors and electrically wired settings, in which they fuse mental states with modern atmospheres. H.D. and Olive Moore explore how women experience artistic inspiration, as either a transcendent space of unlimited possibility for the former, or as proof of the limitations of gender for the latter. </p>

This thesis examines the degree and nature of D.H. Lawrence’s interaction with the concept of evolution, as manifest in his novels and the longer of his short stories. It addresses both Lawrence’s engagement with evolutionism directly informed by biology and his relationship with extrapolations of evolutionary ideas from outside the scientific sphere. In particular it considers the theories of Henri Bergson, and theosophical and occultist appropriations of evolutionary concepts. Instead of approaching Bergson as a philosopher of time, as has much previous research into Bergson’s impact upon modernist literature, the thesis considers how the Bergsonian notion that a ‘need of creation’ drives evolutionary development is reflected in Lawrence’s fiction. Chapter One investigates the role of the imagination in interaction with nature in Lawrence’s earliest novels, in particular The White Peacock (1911). It suggests that while creative imagination may appear to give a distorted impression of wider nature, it is nonetheless seen to be necessary for contact with the world to be enriching. Chapter Two considers the relationship between creativity and development in The Rainbow (1915) and Women in Love (1920), suggesting that creative force is seen to provide a means to resist the effects of wider cycles in nature between evolution and dissolution. In Chapter Three, Lawrence’s novels of migration and self-discovery, The Lost Girl (1920) and Aaron’s Rod (1922), are suggested to employ intricate Bergsonian structures, whereby the respective protagonists simultaneously explore multiple paths of evolutionary development, despite the ostensible paradoxes which result from this. Chapter Four, focusing upon Lawrence’s Australian fiction, considers the relationship between the hostile environment of Australia and the evolutionary development of its inhabitants. Chapter Five considers the importance of occultist evolutionism to Lawrence, using his annotations to P.D. Ouspensky’s Tertium Organum as a means to better understand the mystical aspects of the fiction he wrote while in North America. Finally, Chapter Six addresses the presentation of illness and injury in Lawrence’s work, particularly in Lady Chatterley’s Lover (1928), examining the relationship between the composition of an individual and his or her ability to fit into the structures of wider nature.

‘The poet’, Eliot wrote, ‘is occupied with frontiers of consciousness beyond which words fail, though meanings still exist’. This dissertation is an investigation into the ways in which four poets – Alfred Tennyson, Thomas Hardy, Gerard Manley Hopkins, and T. S. Eliot – imagine what it might mean to labour in verse towards the ‘frontiers of consciousness’. This is an old question about the value of poetry, about the kinds of understanding, feeling, and participation that become uniquely available as we read (or write) verse. But it is also a question that becomes peculiarly pressing in the nineteenth- and early twentieth-centuries. In my introductory chapter, I sketch out some of the philosophical, theological, and aesthetic contexts in which this question about what poetry might do for us becomes particularly acute: each of these four poets, I suggest, invests in verse as a means of sustaining belief in those things that seem excluded, imperilled, or forfeited by what is felt to be a peculiarly modern or (to use a contested term) ‘secularized’ understanding of the world. To write poetry becomes a labour towards enabling or ratifying otherwise untenable experiences of belief. But while my broader concern is with what is at stake philosophically, theologically, and even aesthetically in this labour towards the frontiers of consciousness, my more particular concern is with the ways in which these poets think in verse about how the poetic organisation of language brings us to momentary consciousness of otherwise unavailable ‘meanings’. For each of these poets, it is as we begin to listen in to the paralinguistic sounds of verse that we become conscious of that which lies beyond the realms of the linguistic imagination. These poets develop figures within their verse in order to theorize the ways in which this peculiarly poetic ‘music’ brings us to consciousness of that which exceeds or transcends the limits of the world in which we think we live. These figures begin as images of the half-seen (glimmering, haunting, dappling, crossing) but become a way of imagining that which we might only half-hear or half-know. Chapter 2 deals with Tennyson’s figure of glimmering light that signals the presence, activity, or territory of the ‘higher poetic imagination’; In Memoriam, I argue, represents the development of this figure into a poetics of the ‘glimpse’, a poetry that repeatedly approaches the horizon of what might be seen or heard. Chapter 3 is concerned with Hardy’s figuring of the ‘hereto’ of verse as a haunted region, his ghostly figures and spectral presences becoming a way of thinking about the strange experiences of listening and encounter that verse affords. Chapter 4 attends to the dappled skins and skies of Hopkins’ verse and the ways in which ‘dapple’ becomes a theoretical framework for thinking about the nature and theological significance of prosodic experience. And Chapter 5 considers the visual and acoustic crossings of Eliot’s verse as a series of attempts to imagine and interrogate the proposition that the poetic organisation of language offers ‘hints and guesses’ of a reality that is both larger and more significant than our own.

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