The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the real condition of reinforced concrete beam bridge located in Brno Jundrov. In order to evaluate this condition, there was made the main bridge inspection. Subsequently, a number of diagnostic methods were used, such as hardness tests, concrete stress strenght, ultrasonic pulse method, including their evaluation. In terms of the main inspection, the condition of construction of the bridge was evaluated as V - bad. We found out that the concrete from which the bridge is built of is in very good condition. The problem, however, is the condition of the reinforcement located on the bridge. Based on its condition there must be expected lifespan within the next 5-10 years.

The diploma thesis deals with the issue of bridge strustures, especially their diagnostics and evaluation. The work consists of two parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part deals with the basic description and division of bridge structures, brigde inspections and test methods, especially those that were used in the thesis during bridge inspections. The practical part includes a visual inspection of two bridges, their description, detection of faults and defects and their documentation. In the practical part, the basic maretial characteristics of concrete bridges were determined, the condition of structures was assessed and a proposal for the elimination of failures and defects was developed. In the end, the work deals with the evaluation of both bridges.

In the theoretical part of the thesis are generally characterized hydraulically bound mixtures, their types, classification systems, manufacturing technology and the laying. There are also described experiences from abroad with the use secondary and recycled materials in hydraulically bound mixtures. The practical part deals with the experimental verification of the possibility of the use of secondary materials in hydraulically bound mixtures in construction of road infrastructure. In road laboratory Institute of road structures Brno university of technology was the five proposed mixtures, an assessment of their parameters with regard to the possibility of using these mixtures in the road sub-base layers. The work is also aimed at comparison of results elasticity modules reached laboratory testing and experimental measurements on road polygon.

The determination of strain properties of masonry in the direction parallel to bed joints is a fundamental pre-requisite for designing structures, where masonry is subjected to horizontal stresses (e. g. strengthening with prestressing). The diploma thesis summarized techniques of determination of masonry modulus of elasticity presented in available literature. The goal is to suggest suitable methodology of determination of masonry modulus in direction parallel to the bed joints. In the practical part of the diploma thesis is that methodology verified by experimental test and results of tests are analyzed and discussed.

Destruction of road constructions due to the frost is in locations with temperatures under the zero a problem which leads to permanent deformation. The theoretical part of this thesis deals with the freezing process of the pavement and its subgrade. It presents methods for determining the rate of frost susceptibility in both the Czech Republic and abroad. Describes the materials used in the subgrade of roads and their suitability in terms of frost susceptibility. The thesis closely examines the fly-ashes, their properties and possibilities of using in the construction industry. The practical part of the thesis focuses on the performance of direct laboratory frost heave tests, immediate bearing index tests, California bearing ratio tests and cyclic load triaxial tests to determine the modulus of elasticity. Tests are carried out on the soil, the soil mixtures with certain percentages of fly ash from different sources at the same soil treated with lime. Then the results are compared and dependence between the measured characteristics of materials is created.

Civil engineering development is connected with the application of new construction methods and the development of new building materials. Concrete, as one of the basic building materials, is part of this development. A major turning point in the development of concrete and its properties occurred with the use of new, more efficient plasticizing additives. This allowed to produce concrete with lower water cement ratio, while increasing the strength of concrete. Gradually, the compressive strength of concrete boundary has moved by several levels, when there are currently commonly used concrete with strength of about 100 N/mm2 and with the special methods of concrete production strength range from 250 to 300 N/mm2. A negative aspect of the development of (ultra) high-strength concrete is their energy and economic demands. A characteristic feature of high-strength concrete is a high content of cement and very fine admixtures, especially silica fume. One way to improve the economics of these types of concrete is the application of cheaper admixture based on industrial waste. The content of this work is the observation and description of the properties of high-strength concrete and reactive powder concrete, in which the admixtures were based on industrial waste were applied. Part of this work is the comparison of economic parameters for individual types of concrete.

Since their inception, building materials are constantly improving. New ways to explore and improve the material's properties are constantly investigated (especially to improve the mechanical and deformation characteristics of the materials). This thesis is focused on identifying and comparing values of the modulus of elasticity of fine-grained composites. These features are compared with respect to water cement ratio, ageing and compressive strength of the investigated materials. Afterwards, the values of the modulus of elasticity are studied in the relation to the tested materials.

In der Arbeit wurde gezeigt, dass mit Hilfe der gewählten zerstörungsfreien und -armen Prüfverfahren der Bezug zu festigkeitsrelevanten Parametern hergestellt werden kann. Insgesamt 58 ungeschädigte und durch Braunfäulepilze geschädigte Nadelholzbalken und daraus hergestellte Prismen wurden mit Ultraschallecho und Bohrwiderstand geprüft und grundlegende Erkenntnisse für die Prüfungen an Holzbauteilen gewonnen. Die Ergebnisse wurden mit zerstörenden Festigkeitsprüfungen kombiniert. Bei den Ultraschallechountersuchungen wurde festgestellt, dass sich für die geprüfte Rohdichtespanne die Schallgeschwindigkeit der Transversalwellen mit steigender Rohdichte erhöht. Ein enger Zusammenhang konnte auch bezüglich des Feuchtigkeitsgehaltes nachgewiesen werden. Nach Durchführung multipler Regressionsanalysen mit der Rohdichte, dem Feuchtegehalt und der Messfrequenz als unabhängige Variablen wurden sehr gute Korrelationen innerhalb der Holzarten ermittelt, so dass die Schallgeschwindigkeit gut abgeschätzt werden konnte. Die Lokalisierung von Ästen und Rissen ist gut möglich. Schädigungen wurden prinzipiell durch Ausbleiben des Echos der Bauteilrückseite detektiert. War der Übergang in Schallausbreitungsrichtung abrupt, wurden die Wellen reflektiert und erzeugten ein Echosignal. Die durchgeführten Bohrwiderstandsuntersuchungen belegen einen Zusammenhang zwischen Bohrwiderstand und Rohdichte sowohl für die Prismen als auch für die geprüften Balken. Die Streuung der Werte der Regressionsanalysen wurde bei Differenzierung der Bohrrichtung und des durchbohrten Bereiches des Balkenquerschnitts reduziert. Zwischen Bohrwiderstand und Rohdichte bestand auch in den Zonen des Schadensübergangsbereiches ein linearer Zusammenhang. An Balken und Prismen wurden Festigkeitsuntersuchungen durchgeführt und die Schadensübergangsbereiche gesondert betrachtet. Eine Differenzierung von Schädigungsgraden war in der Regel möglich. Bei den geschädigten Balken wurde der reale Querschnitt ermittelt und für die weiteren Berechnungen angesetzt. Danach wurde ein mittlerer Zusammenhang von Biegefestigkeit und E-Modul für die pilzgeschädigten Balken festgestellt. Die Kombination der ermittelten Festigkeiten mit dem Bohrwiderstand führte zu mittelgroßen bis starken Zusammenhängen. Die Differenzierung der Bereiche des Schadensüberganges war möglich. Im Hinblick auf die Einschätzung der Biegefestigkeit bestehender Träger wurden multiple Regressionsanalysen mit modifizierten Sortierkriterien, der Rohdichte, dem Feuchtigkeitsgehalt, der Querschnittszone, dem Bohrwiderstand und dem E-Modul durchgeführt und ergaben einen sehr starken Zusammenhang, der das erhebliche Potenzial der entwickelten Methodik bei der Bewertung geschädigter Tragkonstruktionen aufzeigt.

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This diploma thesis deals with the possibilities of additional reinforcement of wooden elements using different types of BFRP materials. In the practical part, an experiment of reinforcing plywood with external reinforcement using BFRP fabrics with different basis weights was performed. As part of the strength tests performed, the specimens were subjected to bending and shear stresses. To verify the bonding quality of the plywood, the bodies were exposed to the effect of elevated temperature and a delamination test was performed to determine the bonding quality of the plywood joints. The achieved values were evaluated and compared with the available literature.