Submitted by Ana Damasceno (ana.damasceno@unipampa.edu.br) on 2017-06-07T18:12:48Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Baixa diversidade e sucessão microbiana anormal estão associadas à enterocolite necrosante em recém-nascidos prematuros.pdf: 1587508 bytes, checksum: c407e4cf94f25b2272a7d25213f72873 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-07T18:12:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) Baixa diversidade e sucessão microbiana anormal estão associadas à enterocolite necrosante em recém-nascidos prematuros.pdf: 1587508 bytes, checksum: c407e4cf94f25b2272a7d25213f72873 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-07 / As múltiplas causas de Enterocolite Necrosante (NEC) e seus indicativos clínicos utilizados para o diagnóstico ainda se mantêm elusivos. Biomarcadores alternativos para o diagnóstico precoce de NEC em recém-nascidos prematuros e um melhor entendimento dos fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de NEC são desafios emergentes. Em uma tentativa de contribuir para a solução deste problema, neste trabalho nós rastreamos as mudanças no microbioma dos recém-nascidos (diversidade microbiana, abundância e estrutura) com NEC, iniciando com a primeira evacuação (mecônio) e continuando até a liberação, e comparamos essas mudanças com os prematuros sem o diagnóstico de NEC. Um estudo metataxonomico foi conduzido usando 88 amostras fecais, a partir da primeira evacuação até a 5ª semana de vida, obtidas de 25 recém-nascidos prematuros (14 controles e 11 casos de NEC) selecionados de um grupo de 52 prematuros. Nossos dados revelaram que casos de NEC apresentaram baixa diversidade e uma transição anormal da comunidade microbiana até o diagnóstico de NEC. Um microrganismo pertencendo a família Enterobacteriaceae foi consistentemente mais abundante em prematuros com NEC do que nos controles, mesmo nas amostras de mecônio, e foi considerado um constituinte chave da comunidade microbiana correlacionada com a doença. Finalmente, nos também detectamos uma distorção na associação micróbio-micróbio nas amostras de mecônio dos casos de NEC. Portanto, nossos dados sugerem que a detecção precoce de elevada dominância de Enterobacteriaceae, baixa diversidade e associações micróbio-micróbio nos primeiros dias de vida poderiam ser utilizados como indicativo de risco de desenvolvimento de Enterocolite Necrosante nas UTIs neonatais brasileiras. / The multiple causes of Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) as well as the clinical predictors used for diagnosis have remained elusive to date. Alternative biomarkers for early diagnosis of NEC in premature infants and a better understanding of risk factors for NEC development are emergent challenges. In attempt to contribute to solve this problem, in this work we tracked the changes in the newborn’s microbiome (microbial diversity, abundance and structure) with Necrotizing Enterocolitis beginning with the first stool (meconium) continuing until discharge and compare those changes with preterns without NEC diagnosis. A metataxonomy study was conducted using 88 fecal samples from the first stool (meconium) until the 5th week of life obtained from 25 preterm babies (14 controls and 11 NEC cases) selected from a cohort of 52 premature infants. Our data revealed low microbial diversity in NEC cases and an abnormal transition of the microbial community until NEC diagnosis. A microbial phylotype belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family were consistently more abundant in NEC than in the controls even in meconium samples and was considered a key constituent of the microbial community that correlated with the disease. Finally, we also detected a disruption of microbial-microbial associations in the meconium samples of NEC cases. Thus, our data suggests that early detection of high dominance of Enterobacteriaceae, low diversity and altered microbial-microbial associations at the first days of life could be used as an indicative of risk of preterm development of Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Brazilian NICU’s.

INTRODUÇÃO: A cirurgia bariátrica vem a ser uma alternativa, que além da redução do peso dos pacientes, pode reduzir as co-morbidades associadas, como, diabetes mellitus, hipertensão e dislipidemias e assim reduzir o número e os gastos com medicamentos. OBJETIVO: Estimar o impacto do procedimento cirúrgico nos gastos com medicamentos e no risco cardiovascular antes e após a realização da cirurgia bariátrica por pacientes obesos mórbidos. METODOLOGIA: Estudo suplementar, cuja análise dos gastos com medicamentos levou em consideração o gasto médio real do paciente, o gasto médio estimado para o paciente e o gasto médio para o sistema público de saúde. A avaliação do risco cardiovascular foi realizada através da Escala de Framingham. RESULTADOS: Após um período mínimo de 6 meses do procedimento cirúrgico, houve redução significativa nos gastos com medicamentos tanto para o sistema público de saúde (P ≤ 0,016) (R$ 6,71 (0,0-11,1) para R$ 4,2 (0,0-6,9)) como nos gastos estimados para o paciente (P < 0,001) (R$160,0 (58,3 – 225,8) para R$103,1(18,8-144,3)). Considerando o gasto real para o paciente, observou-se diferença somente em relação aos medicamentos adquiridos sem prescrição médica (P < 0,001) (R$ 12,5 (0,0 – 14,6) para R$ 4,9 (0,0 – 13,8)). O risco cardiovascular também reduziu significativamente (P < 0,001) neste período (10,8% (5,8-23,3) para 5,9% (3,4-10,8)), assim como a idade vascular que reduziu em média 11,2 anos (± 10,4) após o procedimento (P < 0,001). CONCLUSÃO: A cirurgia bariátrica reduz as co-morbidades, o risco cardiovascular, o uso de medicamentos e consequentemente os gastos para o paciente e para o sistema público com medicamentos. / INTRODUCTION: The bariatric surgery it´s an alternative that besides the reduction of the patient´s weight can reduce the associated co-morbidities, such as, diabetes mellitus, high blood pressure and dyslipidemias, reducing the number and expenses with drugs as well. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the impact of the surgical procedure on spendings with drugs and the cardiovascular risk before and after the realization of the bariatric surgery by morbid obese patients. METHODOLOGY: Additional study, which analysis of the spending’s with drugs took into consideration the average real spending of the patient, the estimated average spending of the patient and the average spending of the public health system. The evaluation of the cardiovascular risk was performed through the Scale of Framingham. RESULTS: After a minimum period of six months from the surgical procedure, there was a significant reduction of the spending with drugs for the public health system from (P ≤ 0.016) (U$ 6.71 (0.0-11.1) to U$ 4.2 (0.0-6.9)) as well as for the estimated spending’s of the patient from (P < 0.001) (U$160.0 (58.3 – 225.8) to U$103.1(18.8-144.3)). Considering the real spending of the patient, a difference was observed only within the drugs bought without medical prescription from (P < 0.001) (U$ 12.5 (0.0 –14.6) to U$ 4.9 (0.0 – 13.8)). The cardiovascular risk also reduced significantly (P < 0.001) in this period from (10.8% (5.8-23.3) to 5.9% (3.4-10.8)), as well as the vascular age which reduced in average 11.2 years (± 10.4) after the procedure (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The bariatric surgery reduces the co-morbidities, the cardiovascular risk and, the use of drugs and consequently, the spending’s of the patient and the public system with drugs.

Magister Public Health - MPH (Public Health) / The presence of highly effective medicines has made very little impact in reducing deaths as a result of tuberculosis (TB), a curable condition but when managed inappropriately, may result in Drug Resistant TB. TB accounts for about one in four deaths that occur in HIV positive people and HIV has been found to be a risk factor for complex unfavorable outcomes in MDR TB patients and a very strong predictor for death and default. The relationship between diabetes and TB has also been explored, with some authors identifying diabetes as a risk factor for TB, and with related poor clinical outcomes in both conditions when they co-exist. Exploring the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of MDR TB patients in the presence of these risk factors could present an opportunity to provide better care through increased case-detection activities, improved clinical management and better access to care for all these conditions. The aim of the study was to describe the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of MDR TB patients initiated on treatment at Nkqubela and Fort Grey Hospitals.

This study examines the illness narratives of female cancer survivors living in Southern Central Appalachia. Stories of 29 female Appalachian cancer survivors from northeastern Tennessee and southwcstmn Virginia were collected via a mixed methods approach in either a day-long story circle (n=26) or an in-depth interview (n=3), Qualitative content analysis was used to guide an inductive analysis of the tTanscript<;, What emerged was that as participants survived cancer, they also survived other health conditions, their intorsccting stories yielding an omnibus survivorship narrative.

INTRODUÇÃO: A cirurgia bariátrica vem a ser uma alternativa, que além da redução do peso dos pacientes, pode reduzir as co-morbidades associadas, como, diabetes mellitus, hipertensão e dislipidemias e assim reduzir o número e os gastos com medicamentos. OBJETIVO: Estimar o impacto do procedimento cirúrgico nos gastos com medicamentos e no risco cardiovascular antes e após a realização da cirurgia bariátrica por pacientes obesos mórbidos. METODOLOGIA: Estudo suplementar, cuja análise dos gastos com medicamentos levou em consideração o gasto médio real do paciente, o gasto médio estimado para o paciente e o gasto médio para o sistema público de saúde. A avaliação do risco cardiovascular foi realizada através da Escala de Framingham. RESULTADOS: Após um período mínimo de 6 meses do procedimento cirúrgico, houve redução significativa nos gastos com medicamentos tanto para o sistema público de saúde (P ≤ 0,016) (R$ 6,71 (0,0-11,1) para R$ 4,2 (0,0-6,9)) como nos gastos estimados para o paciente (P < 0,001) (R$160,0 (58,3 – 225,8) para R$103,1(18,8-144,3)). Considerando o gasto real para o paciente, observou-se diferença somente em relação aos medicamentos adquiridos sem prescrição médica (P < 0,001) (R$ 12,5 (0,0 – 14,6) para R$ 4,9 (0,0 – 13,8)). O risco cardiovascular também reduziu significativamente (P < 0,001) neste período (10,8% (5,8-23,3) para 5,9% (3,4-10,8)), assim como a idade vascular que reduziu em média 11,2 anos (± 10,4) após o procedimento (P < 0,001). CONCLUSÃO: A cirurgia bariátrica reduz as co-morbidades, o risco cardiovascular, o uso de medicamentos e consequentemente os gastos para o paciente e para o sistema público com medicamentos. / INTRODUCTION: The bariatric surgery it´s an alternative that besides the reduction of the patient´s weight can reduce the associated co-morbidities, such as, diabetes mellitus, high blood pressure and dyslipidemias, reducing the number and expenses with drugs as well. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the impact of the surgical procedure on spendings with drugs and the cardiovascular risk before and after the realization of the bariatric surgery by morbid obese patients. METHODOLOGY: Additional study, which analysis of the spending’s with drugs took into consideration the average real spending of the patient, the estimated average spending of the patient and the average spending of the public health system. The evaluation of the cardiovascular risk was performed through the Scale of Framingham. RESULTS: After a minimum period of six months from the surgical procedure, there was a significant reduction of the spending with drugs for the public health system from (P ≤ 0.016) (U$ 6.71 (0.0-11.1) to U$ 4.2 (0.0-6.9)) as well as for the estimated spending’s of the patient from (P < 0.001) (U$160.0 (58.3 – 225.8) to U$103.1(18.8-144.3)). Considering the real spending of the patient, a difference was observed only within the drugs bought without medical prescription from (P < 0.001) (U$ 12.5 (0.0 –14.6) to U$ 4.9 (0.0 – 13.8)). The cardiovascular risk also reduced significantly (P < 0.001) in this period from (10.8% (5.8-23.3) to 5.9% (3.4-10.8)), as well as the vascular age which reduced in average 11.2 years (± 10.4) after the procedure (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The bariatric surgery reduces the co-morbidities, the cardiovascular risk and, the use of drugs and consequently, the spending’s of the patient and the public system with drugs.

INTRODUÇÃO: A cirurgia bariátrica vem a ser uma alternativa, que além da redução do peso dos pacientes, pode reduzir as co-morbidades associadas, como, diabetes mellitus, hipertensão e dislipidemias e assim reduzir o número e os gastos com medicamentos. OBJETIVO: Estimar o impacto do procedimento cirúrgico nos gastos com medicamentos e no risco cardiovascular antes e após a realização da cirurgia bariátrica por pacientes obesos mórbidos. METODOLOGIA: Estudo suplementar, cuja análise dos gastos com medicamentos levou em consideração o gasto médio real do paciente, o gasto médio estimado para o paciente e o gasto médio para o sistema público de saúde. A avaliação do risco cardiovascular foi realizada através da Escala de Framingham. RESULTADOS: Após um período mínimo de 6 meses do procedimento cirúrgico, houve redução significativa nos gastos com medicamentos tanto para o sistema público de saúde (P ≤ 0,016) (R$ 6,71 (0,0-11,1) para R$ 4,2 (0,0-6,9)) como nos gastos estimados para o paciente (P < 0,001) (R$160,0 (58,3 – 225,8) para R$103,1(18,8-144,3)). Considerando o gasto real para o paciente, observou-se diferença somente em relação aos medicamentos adquiridos sem prescrição médica (P < 0,001) (R$ 12,5 (0,0 – 14,6) para R$ 4,9 (0,0 – 13,8)). O risco cardiovascular também reduziu significativamente (P < 0,001) neste período (10,8% (5,8-23,3) para 5,9% (3,4-10,8)), assim como a idade vascular que reduziu em média 11,2 anos (± 10,4) após o procedimento (P < 0,001). CONCLUSÃO: A cirurgia bariátrica reduz as co-morbidades, o risco cardiovascular, o uso de medicamentos e consequentemente os gastos para o paciente e para o sistema público com medicamentos. / INTRODUCTION: The bariatric surgery it´s an alternative that besides the reduction of the patient´s weight can reduce the associated co-morbidities, such as, diabetes mellitus, high blood pressure and dyslipidemias, reducing the number and expenses with drugs as well. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the impact of the surgical procedure on spendings with drugs and the cardiovascular risk before and after the realization of the bariatric surgery by morbid obese patients. METHODOLOGY: Additional study, which analysis of the spending’s with drugs took into consideration the average real spending of the patient, the estimated average spending of the patient and the average spending of the public health system. The evaluation of the cardiovascular risk was performed through the Scale of Framingham. RESULTS: After a minimum period of six months from the surgical procedure, there was a significant reduction of the spending with drugs for the public health system from (P ≤ 0.016) (U$ 6.71 (0.0-11.1) to U$ 4.2 (0.0-6.9)) as well as for the estimated spending’s of the patient from (P < 0.001) (U$160.0 (58.3 – 225.8) to U$103.1(18.8-144.3)). Considering the real spending of the patient, a difference was observed only within the drugs bought without medical prescription from (P < 0.001) (U$ 12.5 (0.0 –14.6) to U$ 4.9 (0.0 – 13.8)). The cardiovascular risk also reduced significantly (P < 0.001) in this period from (10.8% (5.8-23.3) to 5.9% (3.4-10.8)), as well as the vascular age which reduced in average 11.2 years (± 10.4) after the procedure (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The bariatric surgery reduces the co-morbidities, the cardiovascular risk and, the use of drugs and consequently, the spending’s of the patient and the public system with drugs.

Drawing on critical feminist narrative inquiry, we explore illness narratives of women cancer survivors living in Southern Central Appalachia via a daylong story circle (n = 26) and individual interviews (n = 3). In our article, we argue that participants functioned as illness genealogists as a consequence of their central location in families, as well as their location in a place (Southern Central Appalachia) characterized by what we call “cohabitating morbidities.” We coined this term to represent the experiences of women survivors living with multiple, sometimes simultaneously occurring illness experiences in their family systems. Finally, we reveal and explore rules that guide their survivorship experiences and storytelling, contending that study participants preserve their central location within family systems by decentering their own survivorship experiences and stories.

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