Melampyrum nemorosum agg. is very complicated group of hemiparasitic plants. According to the traditional concept, 15 species is distinguished. Recent molecular analyses show a need of critical taxonomic revision of group and a potential importance of ancient hybridization. Analysis of 3 regions of cpDNA (trnTUGU-trnLUAA, psbA-trnHGUG, rpl32-trnLUAG) and 2 regions of nuclear DNA (Agt1 and At103) reveals well supported lineage with limited geographical distribution. Morphology and genome size of genetically supported lineages were compared.

Melampyrum nemorosum agg. is very complicated group of hemiparasitic plants. According to the traditional concept, 15 species is distinguished. Recent molecular analyses show a need of critical taxonomic revision of group and a potential importance of ancient hybridization. Analysis of 3 regions of cpDNA (trnTUGU-trnLUAA, psbA-trnHGUG, rpl32-trnLUAG) and 2 regions of nuclear DNA (Agt1 and At103) reveals well supported lineage with limited geographical distribution. Morphology and genome size of genetically supported lineages were compared.

This master thesis extends the main topic of the bachelor thesis Speech of the Computer Games Players (also by Eliška Schönbauerová) and it will further research a new type of sociolect; the speech of computer games players. This sociolect has been researched just on the basic level, and so the author seeks to focus on other, yet unexplored linguistic levels of said sociolect: morphology, word-formation, phonetics, lexicology, syntax and stylistics. The goal is to deeply explore and research gamers' sociolect and to better understand the process of adapting Anglicisms in the system of contemporary Czech language. The theoretical part is based on available professional literature. This thesis also contains materials gathered by the author from gamers or they are available online.

(in English): In the present work, the aim is to discuss the occurrence of verbal suppletion in Romance languages within a representative, theoretical and practical framework that may be reflected in the tradition of language studies and by the most reliable theories at the beginning of the 21st century. In an attempt to prove through this issue how aspects of language system that might at first seem arbitrary are not really as such, but in fact need a proper perspective in order to be able to deal with them systematically. In the first part, the theoretical framework of the thesis is presented, starting with varying aspects of European and American structuralism, reaching to the current ongoing debate concerning issues related to "pure morphology" - the main reference model at present for a comprehensive analysis of the topic. In the second part, the discussion is more specifically oriented to verbal suppletion and treatments reserved by different linguistic perspectives, not always available to be considered as a topic worthy of attention because of its extreme unpredictability and irregularity. The third part dedicates a consistent space to the analysis of the morphomes that can be found in Romance languages (U/L-pattern, N-pattern, PYTA roots, blended morphomes) and to their evolution in a...

Sperm phenotype is an essential indicator of the male ejaculate quality and may have a significant impact on male reproductive success. Sperm phenotypes are considerably variable across species but variation is also found among males within species. This thesis examines (1) variation in sperm phenotypes among males in barn swallows (Hirundo rustica), (2) changes in male ejaculate quality with age, (3) relationships between sperm morphology and motility, (4) effects of sperm phenotypes (morphology and motility) on male fertilization success, using a large dataset of 174 observation for 130 males, and (5) the influence of female reproductive environment on sperm motility. From the tested variables, only midpiece length correlated with male age. Older males had shorter midpiece but no relationship between male age and reproductive success was found. Sperm length negatively affected sperm motility and, simultaneosly, relative midpiece length posively correlated with sperm motility. No correlation was found between the male reproductive success and sperm motility, presence of abnormalities, length of outermost tail feathers or age. Males with shorter relative midpiece were more successful in within-pair paternity, and males with shorter sperms but longer relative midpiece were more successful in...

The topic of this diploma thesis is a linguistic analysis of a defined part of the first volume of Jan František Beckovský´s baroque chronicle. The theoretical level approaches the life of the author, it summarizes his works and introduces the chronicle called Poselkyně starých příběhů českých I written in 1700 itself. The analysis deals with the phonological and lexical levels of the chronicle in several thematic wholes. Less attention was paid to the morphological and stylistic levels. The syntactic structure of the chronicle was not analysed there. The thesis aims at discussing the basic phonological features of the high Baroque style language and presenting the vocabulary specifics of a historiographical text.

This diploma thesis takes a comprehensive look at the matter of prefixation in contemporary Spanish and it is therefore divided into two parts. In the first one, we occupy ourselves with the area of constructional morphology and tackle theoretical matters. From the more general topics of word formation we then proceed to prefixation itself which we then attempt to define and describe in more detail. We outline the issues of concept delimitations, definition of prefixation, classification of prefixes and other controversial matters related to this process in the Spanish language. The second part of the thesis is of a more practical nature. There, we focus on the semantic meanings (locative and gradative) some prefixes may acquire. We then concentrate on specific prefixes (entre-, inter-, sobre-, super-), their distribution among word classes, and finally, using InterCorp, a parallel language corpus, we study Czech equivalents of selected elements.

The presented master thesis is focused on practical teaching of the plant anatomy, morphology ad physiology at primary schools in the Czech Republic. The theoretical part contains a summary of the basic knowledge about plant morphology anatomy and physiology including integration of the practical teaching of natural science in Framework Education Programme and its extension into the School Education Programme. This part includes also detail theoretical background of teaching methods, which are suitable for laboratory work and didactic games. The second, practical part contains a detail description of the seven author's laboratory works and seven didactic games dealing with different topics from the plant anatomy, morphology and physiology, their practical evaluation on pupils of two primary schools and one secondary school including following detailed analysis of the realized questionnaire of these didactic materials. According to the obtained research data, it is obvious that the using of practical teaching form is more attractive for the pupils than conventional teaching methods at primary school.

Sexual selection plays an important role in the evolution of animals. Today we already know that it takes place not only before copulation (precopulatory sexual selection), but also after copulation. This type of sexual selection is called postcopulatory sexual selection, and occurs mainly in promiscuous species, where females mate with multiple males. In this case, sperm competition occurs in the female reproductive tract. To increase the likelihood of their reproductive success, males began to develop surprisingly diverse sperm adaptations at the morphological, physiological, or behavioural levels. These adaptations often affect sperm velocity (motility), which is a key factor for successful egg fertilization. However, the result of reproductive success can also be influenced by females, who may prefer sperm with a certain phenotype in the process of cryptic female choice, and thus, for example, obtain better genes for offspring. In some species, females even can have the ability to sort and store sperm in specialized organs in which the sperms are nourished for some time, and then used to fertilize the egg. Even in this case, the storage of sperm is often affected by sperm morphology. Due to these mechanisms of postcopulatory sexual selection, sperm are under strong selection pressure, which can...

Předložená diplomová práce se zabývá přípravou a charakterizací vzorků z kompozitního kostního cementu na bázi fosforečnanu vápenatého (CPC). V teoretické části jsou popsány vlastnosti a struktura fosforečnanů vápenatých, včetně jejich interakce s tělním prostředím. Experimentální část nejdříve popisuje stanovení optimální techniky přípravy vzorků pomocí experimentů prováděných v ultračisté vodě. Optimální technika pro vytvrzování zahrnuje použití formy z paměťové pěny, ukončení vytvrzovacích reakcí pomocí absolutního chladného etanolu a sušení vzorků ve vakuové sušárně. Následně je v práci popsána příprava vzorků a proces vytvrzování CPC jak v přirozeném (prasečí krev), tak v prostředí simulovaných tělních tekutin (fyziologický roztok, Hankův a Ringerův roztok). Byla provedena morfologická studie pomocí skenovací elektronové mikroskopie (SEM) pro vzorky vytvrzené 1 den, 1 týden, 2 týdny a 1 měsíc kvůli očekávané významné změně v jejich krystalické struktuře, která byla taktéž zkoumána pomocí rentgenové difrakce (XRD), stanovující přeměnu -fosforečnanu vápenatého na kalcium deficitní hydroxyapatit (CDHA). Porozita vzorků byla zkoumána rentgenovou mikrotomografií (-CT) a vzorky vytvrzené v krvi vykazovaly mírně vyšší porozitu. Mechanické vlastnosti CPC vzorků byly zkoumány pomocí mechanických kompresních testů. Výsledky testů ukázaly stabilní pevnost cementových vzorků vytvrzených ve fyziologickém roztoku už po jednom dni vytvrzování, zatímco vzorky vytvrzené v krvi vykazovaly nárůst pevností dokonce i po jednom měsíci vytvrzování. Naopak pevnost vzorků vytvrzených jak v Hankově, tak v Ringerově roztoku rychle klesla po 2 týdnech vytvrzování pravděpodobně důsledkem mírně kyselého pH vytvrzovacích roztoků, které urychluje rozpad CPC vzorků. Výsledky práce ukazují významný vliv vytvrzovacích prostředí na vlastnosti CPC kostních cementů. Vzorky vytvrzené v krvi oproti vzorkům vytvrzených v umělé tělní plazmě vykázaly lepší vlastnosti, protože krev imituje in vivo podmínky.