Thesis (D. Min.)--Erskine Theological Seminary, 2002. / Abstract. This is an electronic reproduction of TREN, #064-0079. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 255-257).

Project Thesis (D. Min.)--Denver Seminary, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 207-214).

Project Thesis (D. Min.)--Denver Conservative Baptist Seminary, 1995. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 249-267).

Thèse (M.Sc.)--Université Laval, 2005. / Titre de l'écran-titre (visionné le 23 février 2006). Bibliogr.

Water trading and water markets have been listed by leading climate change organizations as a possible tool for climate change adaptation. Experience with water trading exists in many places in the world, and three of the most well-known and widely-studied markets for water rights are found in the Western United States, Chile, and Australia's Murray-Darling Basin. While the body of literature on the performance of these markets is extensive, few papers relate the experiences of these three countries to adaptation as of yet. This thesis seeks to report on the outcomes of water markets in three cases with special attention to the following adaptation questions: Can water markets be a tool to address increasing variability in water supply; and what are the necessary environmental, political, and historic conditions for a market to be successful in allocating water resources under situations of scarcity? The experiences of these three cases yield the following conclusions about the use of water markets in climate change adaptation: the degree of existing infrastructure for water storage and transportation must be considered in the implementation of markets; water markets must be continually revised to internalize local third party effects; transaction costs must be minimized if markets are to serve increased short-term variability in water supply; sustainable outcomes are most readily met when markets approximate “cap-and-trade” programs; and the involvement of local institutions in market design will support market activity and the achievement of localized adaptation goals.

Este trabalho tem como propósito, investigar a validade da lei de Hess-Murray, através da experimentação numérica, aplicando o método do Design Construtal associado ao método de otimização da busca exaustiva, no escoamento interno em estruturas em forma de T com seção circular. Variação do número de Reynolds, escoamento de fluidos newtonianos e não newtonianos, estrutura em forma de T com paredes impermeáveis e permeáveis, foram as principais características avaliadas para confrontar a lei de Hess-Murray. O estudo proposto assume escoamento tridimensional, laminar, incompressível, regime permanente e propriedades fluidodinâmicas constantes, sendo o regime de escoamento governado pelo número de Reynolds (Re). O objetivo principal consiste em determinar as configurações ótimas que facilitem o escoamento de fluido ou minimizem as resistências ao escoamento, quando a área ocupada pelos dutos (A) e o volume ocupado pelos dutos (V) são mantidos constantes, variando-se as razões de diâmetros (aD) e comprimentos (aL). As equações de conservação de massa e quantidade de movimento, foram resolvidas através do método de volumes finitos. A geometria foi discretizada através de uma malha tridimensional composta por aproximadamente 1.950.000 elementos. Como resultados, obteve-se as geometrias ótimas que apresentaram resistências ao escoamento até 30 vezes menor do que as demais configurações. Além disso, foi possível verificar que a lei de Hess-Murray nem sempre é válida, visto que o sistema adapta sua geometria ótima para cada condição de escoamento, a fim de proporcionar a melhor arquitetura de escoamento para atender ao objetivo de minimizar as resistências ao escoamento em acordo com a Lei Construtal. Esta dissertação avançou no presente estado da arte, pois desenvolveu um modelo tridimensional sem simplificações, aplicado ao sistema de escoamento de fluidos em estrutura em forma de T utilizando o método do Design Construtal, validando os resultados analíticos apresentados na bibliografia e apresentando novas referências que permitem ampliar a complexidade dos sistemas de escoamento bem como a implementação de métodos de otimização mais avançados. / This work investigates, through the numerical experimentation together with the Construtal Design method, the Hess-Murray Law in the internal flow in T-shaped structures with a circular section for the laminar flow of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids with impermeable and permeable walls, determining the optimal configurations that facilitate fluid flow or minimize flow resistance. The geometric global constants, the volume occupied by the ducts (V) and the area occupied by the ducts (A), delimit the space occupied by the T-shaped structure and the degrees of freedom, the ratio between the diameter of the parent duct and daughter (aD) and the ratio between parent duct length and daughter (aL), are the main geometric parameters to be evaluated. The proposed study is assumed three-dimensional, laminar, incompressible, permanent and constant fluidodynamic properties being the flow regime governed by Reynolds number (Re). Construtal Design method, associated with the exhaustive search, was used to determine the global geometric constants, degrees of freedom and objective function in the geometric evaluation of the system. The numerical solution of the mass conservation and momentum equations is solved based on the finite volume method. The geometries and mesh of the computational domain was discretized through a three-dimensional composed of approximately 1,950,000 elements. The results show that the optimal geometries that presented resistance to the flow up to 30 times smaller than the other configurations. In addition, it was possible to verify that the Hess-Murray Law is not always valid, since the system adapts its optimal geometry to each flow condition, in order to provide a better flow architecture to meet the objective of minimizing resistance to flow in agreement with the Constructal Law. This work advanced in the present state of the art, since it developed a three-dimensional model without simplifications, applied to the fluid flow system in T-shaped structure using the Construtal Design method, validating the analytical results presented in the bibliography and presenting new references that allow increase the complexity of flow systems as well as the implementation of more advanced optimization methods.

No description available.

Este trabalho tem como propósito, investigar a validade da lei de Hess-Murray, através da experimentação numérica, aplicando o método do Design Construtal associado ao método de otimização da busca exaustiva, no escoamento interno em estruturas em forma de T com seção circular. Variação do número de Reynolds, escoamento de fluidos newtonianos e não newtonianos, estrutura em forma de T com paredes impermeáveis e permeáveis, foram as principais características avaliadas para confrontar a lei de Hess-Murray. O estudo proposto assume escoamento tridimensional, laminar, incompressível, regime permanente e propriedades fluidodinâmicas constantes, sendo o regime de escoamento governado pelo número de Reynolds (Re). O objetivo principal consiste em determinar as configurações ótimas que facilitem o escoamento de fluido ou minimizem as resistências ao escoamento, quando a área ocupada pelos dutos (A) e o volume ocupado pelos dutos (V) são mantidos constantes, variando-se as razões de diâmetros (aD) e comprimentos (aL). As equações de conservação de massa e quantidade de movimento, foram resolvidas através do método de volumes finitos. A geometria foi discretizada através de uma malha tridimensional composta por aproximadamente 1.950.000 elementos. Como resultados, obteve-se as geometrias ótimas que apresentaram resistências ao escoamento até 30 vezes menor do que as demais configurações. Além disso, foi possível verificar que a lei de Hess-Murray nem sempre é válida, visto que o sistema adapta sua geometria ótima para cada condição de escoamento, a fim de proporcionar a melhor arquitetura de escoamento para atender ao objetivo de minimizar as resistências ao escoamento em acordo com a Lei Construtal. Esta dissertação avançou no presente estado da arte, pois desenvolveu um modelo tridimensional sem simplificações, aplicado ao sistema de escoamento de fluidos em estrutura em forma de T utilizando o método do Design Construtal, validando os resultados analíticos apresentados na bibliografia e apresentando novas referências que permitem ampliar a complexidade dos sistemas de escoamento bem como a implementação de métodos de otimização mais avançados. / This work investigates, through the numerical experimentation together with the Construtal Design method, the Hess-Murray Law in the internal flow in T-shaped structures with a circular section for the laminar flow of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids with impermeable and permeable walls, determining the optimal configurations that facilitate fluid flow or minimize flow resistance. The geometric global constants, the volume occupied by the ducts (V) and the area occupied by the ducts (A), delimit the space occupied by the T-shaped structure and the degrees of freedom, the ratio between the diameter of the parent duct and daughter (aD) and the ratio between parent duct length and daughter (aL), are the main geometric parameters to be evaluated. The proposed study is assumed three-dimensional, laminar, incompressible, permanent and constant fluidodynamic properties being the flow regime governed by Reynolds number (Re). Construtal Design method, associated with the exhaustive search, was used to determine the global geometric constants, degrees of freedom and objective function in the geometric evaluation of the system. The numerical solution of the mass conservation and momentum equations is solved based on the finite volume method. The geometries and mesh of the computational domain was discretized through a three-dimensional composed of approximately 1,950,000 elements. The results show that the optimal geometries that presented resistance to the flow up to 30 times smaller than the other configurations. In addition, it was possible to verify that the Hess-Murray Law is not always valid, since the system adapts its optimal geometry to each flow condition, in order to provide a better flow architecture to meet the objective of minimizing resistance to flow in agreement with the Constructal Law. This work advanced in the present state of the art, since it developed a three-dimensional model without simplifications, applied to the fluid flow system in T-shaped structure using the Construtal Design method, validating the analytical results presented in the bibliography and presenting new references that allow increase the complexity of flow systems as well as the implementation of more advanced optimization methods.

Orientadores: Maria Lucia Senna Pascoal, Celia Maria de Castro Almeida / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Instituto de Artes / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-22T15:54:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Medeiros_MariadeLourdesLimadeSouza_M.pdf: 7343836 bytes, checksum: 7559e34a3a17ae53b9bd11ae0c7a01cb (MD5) Previous issue date: 1997 / Resumo: Neste trabalho, foi realizado um estudo paralelo do método de educação musical de Edgar Willems e das propostas de educação sonora e musical apresentadas por Murray Schafer. Foi feita também uma análise sobre as diferenças e semelhanças entre as idéias dos dois educadores, apontando suas convergências e divergências e ainda os pontos em que as mesmas se completam.Como resultado, foi composto um repertório musical a ser utilizado em atividades práticas, destinadas a crianças na faixa etária de seis a oito anos, com o fIm de despertar nelas, através da criação, a vivência dos sons nas mais diversifIcadas formas expressivas e sensibilizadoras. O referido repertório, que também possibilita que a criança crie sua própria música, tendo uma participação critica neste processo, consta de peças para cantar e improvisar, para desenvolver as noções de altura, ritmo, dinâmica, timbre, audição interior e ainda explorações sonoras. O repertório musical, destinado a cantar, não se limita à música tonal, mas além desta são apresentadas peças modais, pentatônicas, atonais e de tons inteiros. A intenção deste trabalho não foi esgotar o conteúdo existente nas proposições dos dois músicos e pedagogos estudados. Pelo contrário, tem-se a consciência que muito pode ainda ser feito. A criatividade é infInita e, além disso, o campo de possibilidades que estes dois músicos nos oferecem é muito vasto. Cabe a cada pessoa que se interesse por um trabalho musical com a criança, adaptar e ampliar o que aqui foi proposto, não só no que diz respeito ao repertório apresentado como também na parte que se refere ao conteúdo teórico do pensamento fIlosófIco de educação proposto por Edgar Willems e Murray Schafer / Abstract: In this work, a parallel study about the method of musical education by Edgar Willems and the proposals on musical and sound education presented by Murray Schafer was accomplished. An analysis about the differences and similarities between the ideas of these two educators pointing out their convergences and divergences and also the points in which they complete each other was also done. As a result, a musical repertoire to be used in practical activities with children from six to eight years old was composed. This repertoire aims to call the child's attention, through the creation, to life experience with sounds in the most diversified expressive and sensible ways. It also offers the possibility to the child that has a critical participation in this process, the ability to create his own music. It consists of pieces to sing and improvise, to develop notions of pitch, rhythm, dynamics, timbre, and the inner hearing as well as sound exploitations. The musical repertoire, written for voice, is not limited to tonal music; it also presents modal, pentatonic, atonal and whole tone pieces. The purpose of this work is not to cover all the content of the proposals of those two musicians and pedagogues investigated. We are aware that there is still more to be done. Creativity is endless, and besides, the possibilities offered by these two musicians is vast. It is up to those truly interested in doing musical work with children to adapt and develop what was suggested here, either with the repertoire presented or the references to the theoretical content of the educational philosophic ideas proposed by Edgar Willems and Murray Schafer / Mestrado / Mestre em Artes

The aim of this study was to explore and describe the intergenerational interactional patterns in a Coloured family where the mother has abused alcohol. Researchers have found that drinking behaviours of parents can have major effects on the children’s lives throughout generations. Substance abuse of a parent has major influences on the family, their interactions, and relationships, mostly between the parent and the child. There is a major gap in the study of the Coloured families and how substance abuse affects their families and children. The study employed Bowen’s constructs of differentiation of self, multigenerational transmission process, triangulation, emotional cut-off, nuclear family emotional system, sibling position, family projection process, and societal regression and utilized analytical generalization of the concepts to achieve its aim. The mother, an older sibling and maternal mother were the main sources of data although the perspective of the mother herself was privileged in the study. Semi-structured interviews were utilized to gather the data. This allowed participants to freely narrate their personal perceptions and experiences of interaction in both the family of origin and the current nuclear family. The research used a single case study of a purposively sampled family. The researcher is a Coloured female who had specific interest in this specific cultural group and their interactional patterns, which optimised cultural familiarity during the research process and reduced the likelihood of potential discriminatory racial bias of the participants. The findings demonstrate that perceptions of interactional patterns in the nuclear family and family of origin coincided with certain of Bowen’s Family Systems concepts, particularly, triangulation and differentiation. However, the need for further exploration of concepts such as the nuclear family emotional system and the family projection process in Coloured families are still needed in future studies. The findings provided insight into the functioning of the relationships and FAMILY INTERACTION IN MATERNAL ALCOHOL ABUSE interactions in both the nuclear family and the family of origin. Limitations of the current study are identified and recommendations for future studies in this field are also offered.