Thesis abstract The aim of this thesis is to describe the role of school songs in the modernization of Chinese music. Since the establishment of modern Chinese education school songs have become an important part of Japanese-based teaching materials as well as a tool for introducing and transferring political ideology. The tunes of the early school songs were adapted from Western romantic songs and Japanese school songs, and as I argue, this have shaped the Chinese musical taste towards a greater popularity of music including western compositional elements and thus westernization of music in general. In addition to describing the musical specifics of Chinese school songs, the work focuses on more general questions about the modernization and westernization of Chinese music. Compositions written by Shen Xingong (1869-1947), Li Shutong (1880-1942) and Zeng Zhimin (1879-1929), prefaces to various editions of collected school songs, and articles on the relationship of these songs to the education system in China is the primary focus of the current study. Key words: modernization; Chinese music; school songs; early 20 century

The psychological effects on, and the experience of divorce by women and children are widely researched. However little data is available on how divorce affects men and how they experience a marriage break-up. This study aims to explore and describe the `voices' (experiences) of divorce from three men's perspectives. The randomly selected sample for this study consisted of three participants'. Data was collected in the form of the participants own written testimonials. Out of the written testimonials themes were identified and explored by the researcher. This was done from an ecosystemic epistemological stance within the post-modern paradigm, with the symbolic use of music / popular songs to further `enhance' the exploration and description of the research participants' experiences of divorce. A qualitative methodological design was followed, allowing `unique' and personal `meaning' and experience to emerge. This study's results were presented in the form of `integrative' and descriptive text. Overall the study explicated unique descriptions of men's experiences of divorce with the creative application of music to enhance descriptions and experiences. / Psychology / M.A. (Clinical Psychology)

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T19:34:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cristiane da Silva Ferreira.pdf: 1980075 bytes, checksum: 06433258777a5f9ba249eca8fe3e1d1c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-07 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This study deals with the discursive ethos in the literary and musical constituency of country music manner- songs written in verse based on oral narratives that express their composers rural context and whose musical accompaniment is made only by the guitar - produced in 1950 s in São Paulo. Our main objective is to examine how the incorporation of the discursive ethos s intersemiotic traits operates in the construction of the identity of the country music manner songs enunciator s discourse and provides us with different interdiscourses evincing their underlying pretexts. This work s subject has great social and academic relevance, contributing to studies of one of the main cultural expressions of the people who compound São Paulo s historic, social and cultural scenario, which is the country music manner, as well as discussing the ethos s efficiency in the literary and musical genesis. Thus, we advocate that the discursive ethos - comprehended in its intersemiotic dimension, including the linguistic and melodic components - reveals an enshrined corpus, revealing the founding intentions of country music manner s discourse. The corpus is composed of song lyrics, which are nowadays, according to Ribeiro (2006b), the most known and played ones. For this purpose, we based this study on the theoretical and methodological assumptions of the French Discourse Analysis, specifically Maingueneau s theoretical works and the studies of Costa (2011) about the literary and musical discourse. In view of a more consistent apprehension of the discursive ethos, we introduced the methodology of song analysis proposed by Tatit. The analyses showed that the enunciator invests himself of an ethos which values the identity practices established in the discursive memory of the co- enunciator, revealing the founding intentions of the country music manner songs discourse / Esta pesquisa trata sobre o ethos discursivo na constituência lítero-musical da moda de viola produzida na década de 1950, em São Paulo. Para tanto, traçamos como objetivo principal examinar de que forma a incorporação dos traços intersemióticos do ethos discursivo opera na construção da identidade do enunciador do discurso da moda de viola e nos oferece elementos para identificarmos diferentes interdiscursos que comprovem sua ação fundadora. O tema mostra-se de grande relevância social e acadêmica, pois amplia o estudo de uma das principais manifestações culturais de sujeitos que compuseram o cenário histórico-social e cultural de São Paulo, que é a moda de viola; além de discutir sobre a eficácia do ethos no processo de constituência lítero-musical. Diante disso, defendemos a tese de que o ethos discursivo, apreendido em sua dimensão intersemiótica, que compreende os componentes linguístico e melódico, explicita um corpo consagrado, de forma a revelar a ação fundadora do discurso da moda de viola. O corpus é constituído por textos da moda de viola os quais, conforme Ribeiro (2006b), são exemplos dos mais conhecidos e tocados atualmente. Para tanto, embasamo-nos nos pressupostos teórico-metodológicos da Análise do Discurso de linha francesa, advindos dos estudos de Maingueneau (1997, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2013, 2015) e nos estudos de Costa (2011), acerca do discurso lítero-musical. Tendo em vista uma apreensão mais consistente do ethos discursivo, inserimos a metodologia de análise de canção proposta por Tatit (2012). As análises apontam que o enunciador investe-se de um ethos que valoriza as práticas identitárias alojadas na memória discursiva do co-enunciador, de modo a revelar a ação fundadora do discurso da moda de viola

The psychological effects on, and the experience of divorce by women and children are widely researched. However little data is available on how divorce affects men and how they experience a marriage break-up. This study aims to explore and describe the `voices' (experiences) of divorce from three men's perspectives. The randomly selected sample for this study consisted of three participants'. Data was collected in the form of the participants own written testimonials. Out of the written testimonials themes were identified and explored by the researcher. This was done from an ecosystemic epistemological stance within the post-modern paradigm, with the symbolic use of music / popular songs to further `enhance' the exploration and description of the research participants' experiences of divorce. A qualitative methodological design was followed, allowing `unique' and personal `meaning' and experience to emerge. This study's results were presented in the form of `integrative' and descriptive text. Overall the study explicated unique descriptions of men's experiences of divorce with the creative application of music to enhance descriptions and experiences. / Psychology / M.A. (Clinical Psychology)