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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Candidemias associadas a neoplasias hematológicas: perfil epidemiológico e sensibilidade antifúngica

DINIZ, Madi Veiga 26 February 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2016-07-28T14:36:57Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO FINAL PDF DIGITAL.pdf: 1241777 bytes, checksum: 0031dd125d40fe083cb1ec9da8552635 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-28T14:36:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO FINAL PDF DIGITAL.pdf: 1241777 bytes, checksum: 0031dd125d40fe083cb1ec9da8552635 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-26 / CNPq / Pacientes acometidos por neoplasias hematológicas realizam tratamento quimioterápico intenso e têm alto risco de desenvolver infecções invasivas por espécies de Candida spp. devido à baixa resposta imune, neutropenia e outros fatores de risco, contribuindo para uma elevada morbimortalidade. Entretanto, devido a peculiaridades da imunossupressão a que são submetidos, a distinção entre os processos infecciosos ainda não é uma tarefa fácil podendo levar o paciente a óbito. O presente estudo teve como objetivo diagnosticar candidemias e avaliar o perfil epidemiológico e sensibilidade antifúngica em pacientes acometidos por neoplasias hematológicas. O diagnóstico micológico foi realizado através da taxonomia clássica e automatizada e confirmado pela técnica molecular (PCR-Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase) e identificação proteômica (MALDI-TOF MS). O teste de sensibilidade antifúngica seguiu as recomendações M27-A3 do Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute (2008). A análise estatística descritiva foi realizada no programa GraphPad Prism6 através do teste exato de Fisher e cálculo do Odds ratio (intervalo de confiança de 95% para p < 0,05). Foram analisadas 105 amostras sanguíneas de 62 pacientes internados no serviço de Onco-hematologia do Hospital de Câncer de Pernambuco (HCP) no período de janeiro de 2015 a setembro de 2015. Dentre estas, foram isoladas nove (8,57%) leveduras do gênero Candida, sendo seis (66,66%) C. tropicalis e três (33,34%) C. albicans. O óbito ocorreu em 66,6% dos casos de candidemia demonstrando haver associação estatística significativa (p = 0,03, Odds Ratio = 5,53). O internamento em UTI, como fator de risco, foi associado à candidemia (p = 0,0008 Odds ratio = 24,8) e o choque séptico ao óbito (p= 0,0476 Odds ratio= 25,67). Ao teste de sensibilidade antifúngica, os isolados mostraram sensibilidade aos antimicóticos anfotericina B, caspofungina, micafungina, anidulafungina e fluconazol. Com base nos resultados obtidos, conclui-se que candidemia é uma infecção invasiva frequente causada por espécies de Candida não-albicans, em pacientes com neoplasias hematológicas, como a espécie C. tropicalis. / Patients affected by neoplasia hematological which require intense chemotherapy treatment have high risk of developing invasive infections by Candida spp species due to low immune response, neutropenia and other risk factors contributing to high morbimortality. However, due to peculiarities of the immunosuppression that are submitted, the distinction between the infectious processes is still not an easy task and may progress rapidly and take the patient to death. The study aimed to identify the candidemia and epidemiological profile in patients with hematologic neoplasia. The mycological diagnosis was performed by classical taxonomy and automated and confirmed to molecular technique (PCR-polymerase chain reaction) and proteomics (MALDI-TOF MS). The antifungal susceptibility testing followed the M27 -A3 & recommendations of the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (2008). The descriptive statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism6 program through the Fisher exact test and calculation of Odds ratio (95% confidence interval for p < 0.05) .Blood samples (105) were analysed of 62 patients admitted in the oncohematology service of the Hospital of Pernambuco (HCP) from January 2015 to September 2015. Among samples studied, nine (8,57%) were found positive for yeasts of the genus Candida in which identified six (66,66%) species C. tropicalis and three (33,34%) C. albicans. The death occurred in 66.6 % of cases of candidemia demonstrated significant statistical association (p = 0,03, Odds ratio = 5,53). The admission to the ICU, as a risk factor was associated with candidemia (p = 0.0008 Odds ratio = 24.8) and septic shock with death (p = 0.0476 Odds ratio = 25.67). The antifungal susceptibility testing, isolates were presented, in its entirety, sensitive to antifungal agents amphotericin B, caspofungin, micafungin, anidulafungin and fluconazole. Among the patients with candidemia 66,6% evolved to death. Based on these results, one can conclude that candidemia is a common invasive infection caused by Candida non-albicans species in patients with hematological malignancies, such as C. tropicalis species.

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