Abstract This study takes a qualitative look at the interplay between women’s leadership and newsroom socialisation and the news agenda as experienced and understood by women editors at the Mail & Guardian, through a process of interviews with women editors, supplemented by a brief look at the publication when referenced during the course of the interviews. This study confirms previous research that suggests that an increase of women in the newsroom is not enough to address issues of gender representation in newsrooms and news representation. Although at the Mail & Guardian, this study indicates that the appointment of a woman editor impacted the newsroom positively on gender awareness issues and the publication itself in its gender representation, there are indications that this is a result of a number of factors and not gender alone. In summary, this research found that it is the combination of positioning, power and influence, with a gender agenda, intention and purpose, in an environment that is receptive to change, that will significantly contribute to changes both within the socialisation of the newsroom and translate into a higher level of gender awareness and sensitivity in newspaper’s gender representation.

Study on how fair and balanced the three cable news networks were in their coverage of the 2012 presidential election.

University of Macau / Faculty of Arts and Humanities. / Department of English

BACKGROUND: The ability to disclose bad news to patients is a complex and essential skill for health care providers. Although certain specialties have a higher incidence of engaging in these conversations, this task is done regardless of a provider’s discipline. There are many components to breaking bad news, some of which include finding a private setting, eliciting how much the patient wants to know, providing clear information, and responding to the patients’ emotional needs and reactions. As this task is associated with a large amount of emotional stress, the outcome of this exchange can have lasting impact on both the provider and patient. Unfortunately, patients are dissatisfied with how they receive bad news, and providers admit to lack of comfort and knowledge with this task. LITERATURE REVIEW FINDINGS: Studies show that inadequate education is main area for improvement. Fortunately, the ability to break bad news is a teachable and retainable skill. Didactic sessions, role-play, and small groups are some of the available models used to educate learners. There is promising evidence for the incorporation of SPs into various curricula, because they provide an opportunity for students to learn without compromising patient safety and allow for feedback useful to enhancing skills. PAs are valued health care providers who practice across a variety of specialties. As their education is similar to that of a medical student, and they practice autonomously under the supervision of a physician, it is equally important that they are able to successfully break bad news. However, there are few studies that examine the PA student curriculum for breaking bad news education. Furthermore, there are no studies that examine PA student competency with this skill. PROPOSED PROJECT: The goal of this study is to use a literature review to create a novel curriculum that employs SPs to increase PA students’ competencies for breaking bad news. CONCLUSIONS: An optimal curriculum intervention will include opportunities for feedback, discussion, and practice. SPs can help aid with many of these components, as well as assess interpersonal and technical components of breaking bad news. SIGNIFICANCE: It is expected that the results of this study will parallel those identified for medical students, and PA students’ skills will improve to meet the standards set forth by the ARC-PA. It is the hope that the results of this study will serve as an initial platform for future studies aimed at PAs’ ability to disclose bad news to patients.

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2018-08-16T15:46:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Moreno Cruz Osório_.pdf: 1552076 bytes, checksum: f89242265c71e36493d75b2b5ed328c2 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-16T15:46:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Moreno Cruz Osório_.pdf: 1552076 bytes, checksum: f89242265c71e36493d75b2b5ed328c2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-04-25 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / CNPQ – Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Esta tese dedica-se a elaborar o ciberacontecimento breaking news, uma formulação teórico-metodológica para compreender o breaking news no jornalismo contemporâneo realizado em redes digitais. À expressão breaking news é atribuída uma intensificação da relação entre as categorias substantivas dos valores-notícia oriunda dos níveis de extraordinariedade dos acontecimentos e as rotinas jornalísticas como procedimento chave para a realização do trabalho jornalístico. Considerando a capacidade de impor o determinismo jornalístico aos fenômenos como uma das características que mais distingue o fazer profissional, parte do pressuposto que, atualmente, tal habilidade possui contornos intrincados. Pois sua prática é suscetível a influências de um ecossistema midiático complexo, em rede, descentralizado, acelerado, fluído, e marcado pela multiplicação do número de atores capazes de construir a realidade. Partindo do ciberacontecimento, o conceito proposto de ciberacontecimento breaking news constrói teoricamente esta intensificação, oferecendo possibilidades de abordá-la empiricamente. Esta construção é realizada por meio de dois movimentos. O primeiro desenvolve a proposta teórico-metodológica. Busca interfaces com a Teoria Ator-Rede (TAR), com o conceito de rizoma, de Deleuze e Guattari, com o método da cartografia e a com prática da curadoria de conteúdo. Objetiva arquitetar a anatomia e a dinâmica do processo evenemencial de um acontecimento extraordinário ao se desenvolver em rede. O segundo movimento busca, na teoria do jornalismo recente, subsídios para sustentar o ciberacontecimento breaking news. Para isso, são analisados 75 artigos publicados em um período de dez anos (2007-2016) nos periódicos Journalism, Journalism Practice e Digital Journalism. Esta análise traça uma evolução da expressão “breaking news” na contemporaneidade observando as discussões realizadas em sua órbita. Elas nutrem e contextualizam as características do ciberacontecimento breaking news desenvolvidas no primeiro movimento. A abordagem do breaking news desenvolvida nesta tese sugere um processo de dispersão e de reconcentração das práticas jornalísticas, em um movimento cuja tendência é a ampliação das fronteiras do jornalismo. / This doctoral thesis develops the cyberevent breaking news, a theoretical-methodological proposal that aims to understand the breaking news in contemporary Journalism performed in digital networks. The expression breaking news here is understood as an intensification of the relationship between the substantive categories of the news values originated from the events’ levels of extraordinariness and the journalistic routine as a key procedure for performing the journalistic work. Knowing that the capacity to impose journalistic determinism to phenomena is one of the characteristics that distinguishes professional journalistic work, it is based on the assumption that, nowadays, this ability has intricate boundaries, since it is known that its practice is open to influences of a complex, networked, decentralized, accelerated, fluid media ecosystem that is characterized by the multiplication of the number of actors able to build the social reality. Taking the concept of cyberevent as starting point, the cyberevent breaking news builds the mentioned intensification theoretically, offering possibilities to approach it empirically. This construction is splited in two movements. The first one develops the theoretical-methodological proposal itself. It does this by creating interfaces with the Actor-Network Theory (ANT), with the Deleuze and Guattari’s concept of rhizome, with the cartography method and with content curation practice. The goal is to architect the anatomy and dynamics of the evenemential process of an extraordinary event when it happens in a network. The second one quests subsidies to sustain the cyberevent breaking news in the recent journalism theory. For this, 75 articles published over a period of ten years (2007-2016) in the journals Journalism, Journalism Practice and Digital Journalism are analyzed. This analysis traces an evolution of the expression "breaking news" in the contemporaneity observing the discussions that appears in its orbit. Such discussions feed and contextualize the characteristics of the cyberevent breaking news developed in the first effort. The understanding of the breaking news developed in this thesis suggests a process of dispersion and reconcentration of journalistic practices, in a movement that indicates the expansion of the journalism boundaries.

Thesis (M.S.V.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1986. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ROTCH. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 58-63). / The personal computer. as an intermediary between mass communications systems and the individual viewer, can filter incoming news, eliminating irrelevant and redundant stories and highlighting items of interest. However, important information can be lost by removing an article from the context of its original publication. Knowing the identity of the source helps the viewer judge the reliability and objectivity of the account. Seeing the article as originally presented among a number of other stories indicates to the viewer the significance of the story and its relationship to other current events. A program has been designed and implemented which presents news articles within the context of their original publication. It provides a uniform interface to a number of electronically distributed publications, both text and video. A two level display accommodates both casual browsing and attentive viewing. The first level, which shows several articles simultaneously , preserves the information encoded in the original layout. The second level. which displays a single article, is designed to provide the best environment for viewing that article. The program can be used to create special interest compilations. Topics of interest may be defined by marking keywords. All available sources are searched for pertinent articles. These are collected in a "synthetic" journal. The same interface is used to peruse ·an original publication and a user-specified synthetic journal. / by Judith S. Donath. / M.S.V.S.

This study examines the current situation of training provided to journalists by news librarians in the United States and Australia. The study examines the factors affecting the provision of training and the potential for information literacy instruction to comprise most of the training provided. The definition of information literacy was explored in the context of journalists and news organisations. The study questions the adaptability of the concept to a workplace environment, where organisational and individual development is important. The results of a self-administered questionnaire are presented. Respondents indicated that news librarians are very willing to plan and conduct training, a clear majority agreeing that they should train journalists to search for their own information. Respondents also expressed a need for more training themselves with regard to the skills needed to deliver instruction. The results also found that training is at an early stage in news libraries, with few hours available for planning and conducting training, and mixed success with different training methodologies. A model is suggested as a method of selecting information literacy competencies for individual journalists. The model describes the relationships between individual, organisation, and occupation determined competencies. The study also discusses the implications of the lack of workplace training for journalists, which has impacted upon news libraries' ability to introduce training services. News librarians are providing training, and are pro-active in providing services and information to journalists, but managers do not yet recognise this as a major role for librarians in news organisations. / Information literacy instruction needs to become an organisational goal in order to succeed. The difficulties of assessing and evaluating information literacy instruction in the workplace are outlined. The need for measurable outcomes and preevaluation in training are emphasised. Several considerations for further research are detailed, including the need for further clarification of the nature of information literacy in the workplace, as well as the relationship between the role of information literacy instruction in formal university education and the workplace.

The main proposition of this thesis is that the news media serve as public connectors in sustaining and stabilizing national citizens’ transnational public connection to the global public sphere. The term transnational public connection refers to civic orientation to affairs beyond national borders. This approach builds on Couldry et al.’s (2006, 2007)’s notion of nationally based “public connection”. This thesis contends that in order to fulfill such a role, the news media need to provide international news with a transnational outlook, which interprets and describes international events and affairs in relation to different countries, the region and ultimately the globe. / Considering different factors affecting international news reporting, this thesis posits that news content carried by international broadcasters would generally have a broader outlook than national news media. Hence it focused its effort on examining one type of international broadcaster: government-funded shortwave radio. This thesis argues that shortwave radio broadcasting is still relevant in today’s multimedia environment. This thesis contends that shortwave radio broadcasting functions as a crucial supplementary “external public connector” in connecting publics located in the world’s less developed regions and/or under repressive regimes to the global public sphere. Therefore it is important for them to incorporate transnational news outlook in their news reporting. / This thesis argues that shortwave radio broadcasters’ core mission of carrying out government public diplomacy does not necessarily act as an impediment to their incorporating a transnational outlook in their news reporting. It proposes that the changing notion of public diplomacy is theoretically intertwined with the concept of transnational public connection; hence it is potentially an impetus for news with transnational outlook to emerge. But for such potential to be fully realized, this thesis argues that the broadcasting stations needs to have certain levels of editorial independence and be able to balance the interests of its home country and target region in its news coverage. / Using Australia’s international shortwave broadcaster, ABC Radio Australia as a case study, this research attempts to discover whether international news with a transnational outlook could be found and to try to define the parameters of such a type of news. Operationalizing a three dimensions approach proposed by Berglez (2008) in a quantitative content analysis, this study examined news content broadcast by Radio Australia’s flagship news program Connect Asia over a period of nine weeks. It found that news with a transnational outlook does exist in Connect Asia’s news coverage and the emergence of this type of news is closely linked with news topics. This type of news is more likely to emerge in news topics such as environment and health. It also found that news with a transnational outlook comprises a very small proportion of the totality of Connect Asia’s news coverage. The frequency of such news is limited by Connect Asia’s overwhelming focus on the news topic of politics. This thesis discusses several contributory factors which resulted in Connect Asia’s overall emphasis on politics and contends that government-funded international broadcasters, as well as other international broadcasters might need to de-politicize and broaden the scope of their news coverage in order to further incorporate a transnational outlook.

<p><p>In this study we have investigated the news interview both from the perspective of the journalists and of the subjects of the interview.</p><p>We have made interviews with 50 persons who participated as sources in the news and with 21 journalist who wrote the articles in the local newspapers Östran and Barometern in Kalmar, the 21 of November 2008.</p><p>The journalists were asked to tell their story of how the articles where produced, how they prepared before the interviews, if they had an image of the articles in advance and if they were satisfied with the outcome of the article. The persons who had been interviewed were asked to tell us how they felt about the interviews, if they were satisfied with the outcome of the article, if they could consider being in the newspaper again and to give their opinion of local journalism.</p><p>Most of the persons who had been quoted in the articles said that at least one or two things went wrong in the articles. Despite this they would not hesitate to be interviewed the newspaper again.</p><p>Surprising for us was to see how often the journalists get “served” with both the news and the subjects of the interview. It was for an example often that the Journalists visited press conferences and wrote articles from press releases. When the journalists produced news in this way, they simply interviewed those present at the press conference or the contact person in the press release</p></p>

<p>The purpose of the study is, through literature and interview studies, to analyze and draw attention to critical mindedness regarding news features in a multilateral way. In the interview 16 participants got to see three SVT news features with lack of criticism. Great importance was given to the spontaneous reasoning of the participant. The study is explorative and has given a number of hypotheses and ideas for further research concerning the subject. Among other things the study shows that previous beliefs affect the critical mindedness of the individual, that individuals have the ability to think critically if reminded and that the trust of the source and medium affects the critical mindedness of the individual.</p>