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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

國家創新體系下制度與組織互動之研究:以工業技術研究院為例

張銘晃, Chang, Ming-Huang Unknown Date (has links)
從熊彼得(1934)提出創新學說以來,創新理論業已有了相當大的進展。當代學者認為創新是藉由互動中所產生。創新不僅不再是閉門造車,組織與外在環境的關係也引起學者的興趣。國家創新系統取向即是此一當代創新學說的代表。然在審視國家創新系統取向的文獻後,可知雖然國家創新系統取向的研究將組織與組織間的互動及組織及制度間的互動視為研究的焦點,但眾家學者間對於何謂制度並無共識。制度有時是組織,有時是遊戲規則,有時兩者皆是。這也造成了學者間對話與研究上的困擾。事實上,制度與組織兩者在創新的過程中扮演著不同的角色。制度有時提供了組織在創新過程中的誘因,有時則阻滯了創新的發生。組織則扮演實際從事創新的執行者角色。在文獻上,這一方面的討論尚不多見,更僅止於推論之層次。因此,本研究乃意欲透過實際個案的觀察以形成更進一步的認識。本研究的目的為瞭解在創新的過程中,制度環境、組織、組織結構與文化間如何互動。本研究為一探索性的個案研究,並以工業技術研究院為本研究之個案組織。 研究發現在制度環境上,政治系統的各項制度相較於其他類型的制度對公共研發機構的運作提供了更多利於創新的功能。包含了「將資源導向創新活動」、「提供正(負)面誘因」及「管理衝突與合作」等功能之提供,其中以「將資源導向創新活動」之功能最顯著。而在創新的阻礙上,政治系統主要是經由經費的刪減及各項管制制度,文化系統則是透過認知制度阻礙了創新的腳步。而公共研發機構對制度環境的回應上有兩種方式,一是直接與制度環境對話,主要為「管理衝突與合作」、積極爭取「創新的資源」及尋求化解各種「創新的阻礙」。而「管理衝突與合作」及積極爭取「創新的資源」所形成各項制度可視為降低或消除各種「創新的阻礙」的作為;一是經由組織結構的設計及組織文化的形塑以滿足制度環境的要求。在制度的設計上,經由認知制度、管制制度、制定制度及聯合制度提供「提供資訊與降低不確定性」、「管理衝突與合作」、「提供正(負)面誘因」及「將資源導向創新活動」等功能,以促成組織創新的產出。雖然組織試圖經由組織結構的設計及組織文化的形塑以促成創新的產出或增加創新的產出,但執行創新活動的關鍵仍在於「人」。在本研究中,根據分析,工研院的員工較缺乏互動,且對於各項制度的認知往往會有不同的解讀。因此本研究認為個人層次中的文化系統的認知及行為制度是決定組織所形成的各項制度能否發揮作用的關鍵。
12

Inovação no Museu da Vida: um modelo de gestão para alinhar projetos às estratégias corporativas / Innovation at the Museum of Life: a management model for aligning projects to corporate strategies

Espírito Santo, Marcelo do January 2009 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-04T12:36:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009 / A presente dissertação teve como objetivo geral a elaboração de um modelo de gestão para alinhar os projetos do Museu da Vida às estratégias corporativas. Nesse sentido, buscou situar o segmento museus de ciências como instituições importantes ao desenvolvimento de um Sistema Nacional de Inovação, bem como estabelecer a diferenciação entre o objeto de estudo e os demais museus de ciências, que em geral, comungam de uma mesma missão (guarda-chuva). Nessa análise foi possível identificar um conjunto de diretrizes, proposições e metas elaboradas para adequar o museu às estratégias corporativas. O modelo de gestão foi estruturado após análise dos principais modelos de gestão de portfólio. Sugere-se ao final para a implantação do modelo a criação de um Núcleo de Inovação Permanente para o Museu da Vida, o NIP-MV. / The present work had as objective the elaboration of a management model to line up the projects of the Museum of Life to the corporative strategies. The work sought to point out the segment of science museums as important institutions to the development of a National System of Innovation, as well as establishing the differentiation of the object study and the to other science museums, that in general, shares the same mission. In this analysis it was possible to identify a set directives, proposals elaborated and goals adjust the museum to the corporative strategies. The management model was structured analysis of the main models of portfólio management. It is suggested at the end for the implantation of the model the creation of a Nucleus of Permanent Innovation for the Museum of Life, the NIP-MV.

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