George Frederick Bristow (1825-1898) was a prominent American instrumental performer, teacher, conductor, and composer working in New York City in the mid-nineteenth century. His compositions provide valuable insight into the musical life of New York at that time, and into the development of American music. Presently, the New York Public Library for the Performing Arts holds a wealth of manuscripts of his work, and very little of it has been published. Bristow's Niagara Symphony, Op. 62, was composed in 1893 and received its first performance under the baton of the composer shortly before his death in 1898, and represents the culmination of his compositional output. The symphony is divided by Bristow into two large parts of equal duration: the first part consists of three movements scored for orchestra only, and the second part is a multi-section cantata for vocal soloists, chorus, and orchestra. I have here created a critical edition of the fourth movement of George Frederick Bristow's Niagara Symphony that faithfully and accurately represents the composer's intentions. I also provide here a meticulous recounting and justification of my editorial decisions, a thorough analysis of the work including an examination of compositional influences, and a discussion of performance considerations. This completion of a modern performing edition of the fourth movement of the Niagara Symphony is intended to help make the work of George Frederick Bristow more widely known, and to help scholars, performers, and audiences grasp our own American musical heritage.

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Dissolutional features called karst exist on the surface, and in the subsurface as caves. In glaciated regions caves were thought to be post-glacial in origin. Work in the 1970s demonstrated that pre-glacial caves existed, but did not answer if a cave could form post-glacially. A model proposed by Mylroie and Carew (1987) states that a post-glacial cave would be controlled entirely by glacial features and the deranged drainage of glaciated terrains. Caves known as maze caves form at maximum rates, and could form to navigable size in the time since deglaciation. Maze caves form in the shallow subsurface, allowing them to be removed in subsequent glaciations. GIS water flow analysis, and calculation of formation times using cross-section data demonstrates that maze caves in the glaciated region of New York are post-glacial in origin fitting in the deranged drainage and forming in the time since deglaciation.

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Public Relations advertisements in crisis situations are vital to the image of a company. The actions the company takes are complemented by the type of advertisements that are run as a result of the crisis. These ads help the organization in crisis state their position and communicate with their publics. This study is unique in that The New York Times itself was not in crisis, however, they produced ads for a country that was. This study examines the “Make Sense of Our Times” campaign run in The New York Times after September 11 th . This campaign used Norman Rockwell images that had one element altered to reflect the aftermath Americans were living during the post September 11 th tragedy. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors that motivated the creation of this campaign, and determine if this series of ads can be considered soft-sell public relations, as well as public relations stewardship. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)

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