Thesis (Ph. D.) in Ecology and Environmental Science--University of Maine, 2001. / Includes vita. Advisory Committee: Robert L. Vadas, Prof. of Botany, Oceanography, and Zoology, Advisor; William A. Halteman, Assoc. Prof. of Mathematics; Ian R. Davison, Prof. of Marine Sciences; W. Herbert Wilson, Assoc. Prof. of Biology, Colby College; Brian F. Beal, Assoc. Prof. of Marine Ecology, University of Maine at Machias; Seth Tyler, Prof. of Zoology. Bibliography: leaves 199-213.

Thesis (M.S.) in Zoology--University of Maine, 2002. / Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 51-57).

Dissertation (Ph.D.)--Auburn University, 2006. / Abstract. Vita. Includes bibliographic references.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2004. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 80-91). Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2004. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 80-91). Also available on the Internet.

Effects of application of Bioalginate series preparations (hydrolysis products from Ascophyllum nodosum kelp) to monitored parameters of chick broilers and their meet was experimentally verified. The preparation testing is carried out in two stages. The Biopolym Granulát preparation was tested in the first stage. The preparation was applied by mixing into granulated feeding mixture during its production process. Final results of this stage did not show positive effects of the preparation in question by this form of application. The second testing stage focused to testing of the Biopolym FZT preparation supplied to animals by charging into feeding water. This form of application revealed positive effect of the preparation to decrease of the ammoniac content in the stable atmosphere and positive impact to the health condition of stabled animals. Lower contend of nitrogenous substances on original meat dry mass has been statistically documented. Higher content of nitrogenous-free extractive substances in original meat dry mass has been evidenced.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-12T19:18:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AntonioFMJ_TESE.pdf: 1801094 bytes, checksum: 382206c83927870ac0eb921d80a6f72d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-10-14 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The objective was to evaluate the application of commercial compost Acadian®, based seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum (L.) in the productive development and fruit quality of melon and watermelon. The study was divided into two stages and three experiments were carried out similarly for each culture. Experiment I: melon growth under different doses of Acadian® and seed treatment; Experiment II: Melon Growth Acadian® under different application ranges and seed treatments; Experiment III: Production and quality of melon under use of Acadian®. The respective experiments I, II and III were similarly developed for watermelon crop. In the experiments I and II used a completely randomized design in factorial schemes 2x6 and 2x4 respectively, with five repetitions each. The experiment III, in turn, used a randomized block design with 6 treatments and 4 repetitions. In the first trial treatments consisted of the combination of two seed treatments [soaking in drinking water and Acadian®], applying six different doses (0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 mL L-1). In the second trial treatments consisted of the combination of two seed treatments [soaking in drinking water and Acadian®] in four application periods (0, 7, 10 and 14 days), in a dose of 3 mL L-1. In the experiment III treatments consisted of applying a dose of 3 mL L-1, administered in whole or in divided doses (T1: Producer Standard, T2: 2 16 30 (d.a.t.)3; (1 1 1 mL L-1); T3: 2 30 (d.a.t.); (1,5 1,5 mL L-1); T4: 16 30 44 (d.a.t.); (1 1 1 mL L-1); T5: 16 30 (d.a.t.); (1,5 1,5 mL L-1) e T6: 2 (d.a.t.); (3 mL L-1)). Applications via fertigation, 100 mL of the solution prepared by the amount used for each experimental unit. Doses of 3 and 4 mL L-1 product, provided greater increase in the observed variables for both melon and watermelon for both, in turn, had the equivalence of average values of the variables. The watermelon and melon plants referred to applications in intervals of 10 and 14 days showed superior to those that received weekly applications, regardless of seed treatment. Since the product economy, and therefore a reduction in operating costs of production, it allows suggest the use of the lowest dose of product in the longer period, 3 mL L-1 every 14 days for both cultures. The application of Acadian® promoted significant differences in physicochemical parameters evaluated for the two cultures, being observed a distinct behavior among different fractioning the dose. Soluble solids and titratable acidity were within the minimum and maximum limit for commercialization of melon and watermelon / O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a influência da aplicação do composto comercial Acadian®, à base da alga Ascophyllum nodosum (L.), no desenvolvimento produtivo e qualidade de frutos de melão e melancia. O estudo foi dividido em duas etapas, e três experimentos foram desenvolvidos para cada cultura de forma igual. Experimento I: Crescimento de melão sob diferentes doses de Acadian® e tratamento de sementes; Experimento II: Crescimento de melão sob diferentes intervalos de aplicação de Acadian® e tratamentos de sementes; Experimento III: Produção e qualidade de melão sob utilização do Acadian®. Os respectivos experimentos I, II e III foram desenvolvidos da mesma forma para a cultura da melancia. Nos experimentos I e II utilizou-se um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquemas fatorial 2x6 e 2x4, respectivamente, com cinco repetições cada. O experimento III, por sua vez, utilizou um delineamento em blocos casualizados com 6 tratamentos e 4 repetições. No experimento I os tratamentos consistiram da combinação de dois tratamentos de sementes [embebição em água potável e Acadian®], com aplicação de seis diferentes doses (0, 1, 2, 3, 4 e 5 mL L-1). No experimento II os tratamentos consistiram da combinação de dois tratamentos de sementes [embebição em água potável e Acadian®], em quatro períodos de aplicação (0, 7, 10 e 14 dias), sob uma dose de 3mL L-1. No experimento III os tratamentos consistiram da aplicação de uma dose de 3mL L-1, administrada na forma integral ou fracionada (T1: Padrão do produtor; T2: 2 16 30 (d.a.t.)3; (1 1 1 mL L-1); T3: 2 30 (d.a.t.); (1,5 1,5 mL L-1); T4: 16 30 44 (d.a.t.); (1 1 1 mL L-1); T5: 16 30 (d.a.t.); (1,5 1,5 mL L-1) e T6: 2 (d.a.t.); (3 mL L-1)). As aplicações via fertirrigação, sendo 100 mL da solução preparada a quantidade utilizada por cada unidade experimental. As doses de 3 e 4 mL L-1 do produto, promoveram maiores incrementos nas variáveis observadas, tanto para o melão como para a melancia, ambas, por sua vez, apresentaram equivalência nos valores médios das variáveis. As plantas de melão e melancia submetidas a aplicações em intervalos de 10 e 14 dias mostraram-se superiores as que receberam aplicações semanais, independentemente do tratamento de sementes. Visto a economia do produto e por conseguinte a diminuição nos custos operacionais da produção, permite-se sugerir a utilização da menor dose do produto no maior período, 3 mL L-1 a cada 14 dias, para ambas as culturas. A aplicação do Acadian® promoveu diferenças significativas nas variáveis físico-químicas avaliadas para as duas culturas, sendo observado um comportamento distinto entre os diferentes fracionamentos da dose. Os teores de sólidos solúveis e acidez titulável ficaram dentro do limite mínimo e máximo estabelecido para comercialização do melão e da melancia

Submitted by Socorro Pontes (socorrop@ufersa.edu.br) on 2017-09-05T12:40:23Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RaulinoCN_DISSERT.pdf: 941381 bytes, checksum: e4c8162091f05a4a15cd3b57ebcc36e3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Vanessa Christiane (referencia@ufersa.edu.br) on 2017-09-06T15:20:38Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 RaulinoCN_DISSERT.pdf: 941381 bytes, checksum: e4c8162091f05a4a15cd3b57ebcc36e3 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Vanessa Christiane (referencia@ufersa.edu.br) on 2017-09-06T15:23:03Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 RaulinoCN_DISSERT.pdf: 941381 bytes, checksum: e4c8162091f05a4a15cd3b57ebcc36e3 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-06T15:23:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RaulinoCN_DISSERT.pdf: 941381 bytes, checksum: e4c8162091f05a4a15cd3b57ebcc36e3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-29 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Wastewater from pisciculture has benn used in irrigation and tested in the production of fruitful seedlings. Seaweeds synthesize plant hormones and there are products based on extracts of macroalgae, which are used commercially as biostimulants to increase agricultural production. The objective of this work was to test the efficiency of the best dose of seaweed extract in the development of tamarind seedlings. The work was carried out, from May to October 2016, at the Federal Rural Semi-Arid University (UFERSA), East Campus, in Mossoró-RN. The substrate used was formulated with 30% manure and 70% soil. The experimental design used was in randomized complete blocks (DBC) in a 2x5 factorial scheme, with four replications, in both experiments: 2 (“Bioestimulante A” – “Bioestimulante B”) x 5 (0 ml L-1, 4 ml L-1, 8 ml L-1, 12 ml L-1 e 16 ml L-1de bioestimulante) on first experiment, on the second, 2 ( “Com Bioestimulante – Sem Bioestimulante”) x 5 (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% e 100% of wastewater from pisciculture). Morphological and physiological characteristics were analyzed. The biostimulant based on A. nodosum (Biostimulant "B"), at the dose 4.0 ml L-1, promoted the greatest increases in the dry biomass of tamarind tree and reached the highest values of total length. Biostimulant based on lithothannium (Bio-A) is superior to biostimulant based on Ascophyllum nodosum (Bio-B), with respect to stomatal conductance and high doses, above 5.54 ml L-1, compromise the photosynthetic rate of tamarind seedlings. High concentrations of wastewater from fish farming promote decline in the following evaluated characteristics: Number of leaves, length of the aerial part, total length, dry mass of the root system, dry mass of the aerial part, total dry mass, stomatal conductance and transpiration. The concentrations used in this experiment (25%, 50%, 75% and 100%) of aquaculture water were very high, not allowing to observe the beneficial effect of water. In this way, we suggest that the next surveys be carried out using smaller concentrations. The biostimulant based on Ascophyllum. nodosum (Biostimulant "B") at the dose 4.0 ml L-1 promoted the greatest increases in the aerial parts and dry biomass of tamarind seedlings / A água residuária da piscicultura vem sendo utilizada para irrigação e tem sido testada na produção de mudas de frutíferas. As algas marinhas sintetizam hormônios vegetais e existem produtos à base de extratos de macroalgas utilizadas comercialmente como bioestimulantes para aumentar a produção agrícola. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar diferentes concentrações de água residuária da piscicultura e doses de bioestimulantes naturais de algas marinhas na produção de mudas de tamarindeiro (Tamarindus indica L.). O trabalho foi realizado, no período de maio a outubro de 2016, no viveiro de mudas do Setor de Fruticultura da UFERSA, Mossoró – RN. O substrato utilizado foi formulado com 30% de esterco bovino e 70% de solo. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o “DBC” em esquema fatorial 2x5, com quatro repetições, nos dois experimentos: 2 (“Bioestimulante A” – “Bioestimulante B”) x 5 (0 ml L-1, 4 ml L-1, 8 ml L-1, 12 ml L-1 e 16 ml L-1de bioestimulante) no primeiro experimento, e no segundo, 2 ( “Com Bioestimulante – Sem Bioestimulante”) x 5(0%, 25%, 50%, 75% e 100% de água residuária da piscicultura). Foram realizadas análises das características morfológicas e fisiológicas. O bioestimulante à base de Ascophyllum nodosum (Bioestimulante “B”), na dose 4,0 ml L-1, promoveu os maiores incrementos na biomassa seca de tamarindeiro e atingiu os maiores valores de comprimento total. O bioestimulante à base de lithothannium (Bioestimulante “A”) é superior ao bioestimulante à base de Ascophyllum nodosum (Bioestimulante “B”), na variável de condutância estomática e doses elevadas de bioestimulantes, acima de 5,54 ml L-1, comprometem à taxa fotossintética de mudas de tamarindeiro. Altas concentrações de água residuária da piscicultura promovem declínio nas seguintes características avaliadas: Número de Folhas, Comprimento da parte Aérea, Comprimento Total, Massa Seca do Sistema Radicular, Massa Seca da Parte Aérea, Massa Seca Total, Condutância Estomática e Transpiração. As concentrações utilizadas neste experimento (25%, 50%, 75% e 100%) de água residuária da piscicultura foram bastante elevadas, não permitindo se observar o efeito benéfico da água. Dessa forma, sugerimos que as próximas pesquisas sejam realizadas utilizando concentrações menores. A fertilização com bioestimulante da espécie Ascophyllum. nodosum na dose de 4,0 ml L-1 promove incrementos no diâmetro do colo, comprimento da parte aérea e no acúmulo de biomassa seca de mudas de tamarindeiro / 2017-09-05

An alkaline extract of the brown seaweed, Ascophyllum nodosum (ANE) increases plant growth and imparts resistance against biotic stresses. However, little is known of the effects of ANE on insects. Myzus persicae, green peach aphid (GPA), and Arabidopsis model were used to determine whether application of ANE confers protection from GPA infestation. GPA colonization increased in ANE treated plants, associated with improved biomass. However, ANE treated plants exhibited less cell death and also showed a greater ability to recover from GPA injury. Lower expression of SAG13, SAG21 and CHL1 and a higher expression of ARR5 was observed in ANE treated plants. Taken together, gene expression along with lower cell death suggests ANE may delay senescence in Arabidopsis. Delayed senescence in Arabidopsis following ANE treatment may be a result of increased cytokinin activity. Increased GPA numbers could be, at least in part, due to delayed senescence in Arabidopsis following ANE treatment.

Une perte de poids modérée peut contribuer à prévenir le diabète de type 2 chez les personnes en surpoids/obèses. Certaines études in vitro et in vivo montrent que les algues brunes riches en polyphénols ont le potentiel de contrôler le métabolisme glucidique. Mais l’effet combiné de ces deux stratégies chez l’humain est peu étudié. Cette étude évalue l’effet d’un extrait d’algues brunes riche en polyphénols (InSea2®) combiné à une intervention nutritionnelle individualisée visant une perte de poids modérée sur l’homéostasie du glucose chez des sujets pré-diabétiques en surpoids/obèses avec hyper-insulinémie (insuline à jeun > 60 pmol/L). Le devis expérimental utilisé est randomisé, en double aveugle, en bras parallèles avec groupe placebo. Deux traitements ont été administrés: Traitement 1 avec placebo + déficit modéré de l’apport calorique quotidien et Traitement 2 incluant 500 mg d’algues brunes + déficit modéré de l’apport calorique quotidien. Cinquante-six sujets, hommes et femmes, âgés de 18-70 ans ont participé à l’étude qui a duré 12 semaines. Les apports alimentaires ont été estimés à partir d’un Questionnaire de Fréquence Alimentaire auto-administré et validé. Une perte de poids (p<0,0001) et de gras (p<0,0001) corporels est observée dans les deux groupes, mais sans différence entre les groupes. Une baisse significative du taux de cholestérol des LDL (p<0,05), des battements cardiaques (p<0,01), du C-peptide au temps 120 min durant un test de tolérance au glucose (p=0,002) et une inhibition de la hausse du marqueur pro-inflammatoire IL-6 (p<0,02) ont été observées dans le groupe traité comparativement au groupe placebo. Aucune différence n’est observée concernant la glycémie, l’insuline et le C-peptide à jeun. En conclusion, la consommation de l’extrait d’algues brunes peut améliorer l’homéostasie du glucose, le profil lipidique, les battements cardiaques et le statut inflammatoire chez les personnes obèses prédiabétiques. / Moderate weight loss can help prevent type 2 diabetes in overweight/obese subjects. Some in vitro and in vivo studies show that brown algae rich in polyphenols have the potential to control carbohydrate metabolism. However, the combined effect of these two strategies in humans has been little studied. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of a brown algae extract rich in polyphenols (InSea2®) combined with an individualized nutritional intervention aimed at moderate weight loss on glucose homeostasis in prediabetic overweight/obese subjects with hyperinsulinemia (fasting insulin > 60 pmol/L). The experimental design used was randomized, double blind and in parallel arms with the placebo group. Two treatments were administered: Treatment 1 with placebo + moderate deficit in daily caloric intake and Treatment 2 including 500 mg of brown algae + moderate deficit in daily caloric intake. A total of 56 subjects, men and women, aged 18-70 years participated and completed the 12-week study. Food intake was estimated from a validated Self-administered Food Frequency Questionnaire. Weight loss (p <0.0001) and body fat (p<0.0001) were observed in the two groups but no difference was noted between the groups. A significant drop in LDL cholesterol (p<0.05), heartbeat (p<0.01), C-peptide at 120 min during a glucose tolerance test (p=0.002) and inhibition of the rise in the proinflammatory marker IL-6 (p<0.02) were observed in the group treated with brown algae extract compared to the placebo group. There were no differences in fasting blood glucose, insulin and C-peptide. In conclusion, the consumption of brown algae extract can improve glucose homeostasis, and related parameters such as lipid profile, heartbeat and inflammatory status in obese pre-diabetic subjects