No Abstract Provided / Thesis / Candidate in Philosophy

Teniendo presente que la actividad pecuaria y ganadera es una las actividades primarias de supervivencia de un gran número de la población de las zonas de menor de desarrollo de nuestra patria, y dentro de estas actividades, cabe destacar, donde la cadena láctea como principal actividad de las familias de la sierra y selva, en el año 2016 se tiene que casi el 65% de las unidades agropecuarias se forjan en la sierra, 19% en la selva y 17% en la costa, en actividades de cultivos de pastos, forrajes, producción de leche, crianza de animales y posteriormente transformación en quesos y derivados lácteos, considerada la última como la principal actividad económica rentable de la población rural. En ese orden de ideas, la presente investigación tiene el objetivo proncipal de diseñar un molino con ciertas características para la molienda del quesillo, ( producto de haber cortado la leche con cuajo, ya sea casero o producto industrializado que se usa como cortante), antes de ser prensado y convertirse en queso e incrementar volumenes de producción en el distrito y provincia de Santa Cruz, departamento de Cajamarca, y por ende mejorar el abastecimiento del mercado local y la economía de las productoras, siguiendo el procedimiento del diseño mecánico, permitiendo su desarrollo y crecimiento industrial. Este molino consta de ciertas partes como: el disco como pieza fundamental para moler, eje principal, poleas, fajas de transmisión y rodamientos por lo que se determinaron algunas cargas a las que se encuentran sometido. Una vez conocida el funcionamiento del molino tipo disco, para determinar la velocidad se utilizó la fórmula del movimiento parabólico para determinar el alcance máximo de una partícula de quesillo molido, asi mismo se calculó el torque y dar paso a la potencia para la selección de un motor adecuado. Para su diseño y su futura construcción se necesito de un software CAD/ CAE, para este caso Solidworks 2016. Finalmente se realizó una evaluación económica calculando el TIR y VAN para conocer la viabilidad del proyecto, teniendo una inversión de 2 987, 52 soles para su construcción. / The main activities in the mountain and jungle from Peru in 2016, 64% of the agricultural was developed in the mountains, 20% in the jungle and 16% on the coast , about pasture and forage cultivation , husbandry, milk production and then being cheeses and dairy products, it was the best economic activity of the rural population. Therefore, this research has the objetive of designing a quesillo’s shredder with some requirements, before being pressed. and become cheese to increase production volumes in the Santa cruz province, department of Cajamarca, then we need to improve the supply of the local market and the producer’s economy, we have followed the mechanical design procedure allowing its development and growth industry. Also the parts of the shredder are: the disc as a fundamental piece for milling, the mechanical shaft, pulleys, transmission belts and bearings, it was important to calculate some loads, power, angular velocity and choose the shredder structure correctly to make the cheese’s machine. We knew disk-type shredder how it works, so we used some formulas like a parabolic movement, it was used to calculate the speed and the maximum range of a cheese’s particle,also we calculated the torque and the power to select an electric motor. Finally, we needed a CAD / CAE software, for our case Solidworks 2016, then we made an economic evaluation (IRR and NPV) to know the project viability, having an investment of 2987, 52 soles for its construction.

Thesis (MBA (Business Management))--University of Stellenbosch, 2007. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Livestock production forms a significant part of the agricultural activities in Namibia. This study is an analysis of the red meat (beef and mutton) supply chain in the country, south of the Veterinary Cordon Fence. The supply chain from production of animals on the farms through processing to placing of meat on the market is analyzed. The red meat supply chain is split into three sectors for the purpose of the study. The three sectors are the supply sector involved in the production of animals on the farms, the processing sector involved with the slaughtering and value addition on the livestock products and the demand sector that is involved in the placing on the market of the livestock and livestock products. Each of the sectors is then analyzed as an entity. The three tools that are used to analyze the sectors are: a) The market competitiveness done using the Porter’s 5 force analysis; b) The SWOT analysis for determination of intrinsic and extrinsic environments of the respective sectors and c) Trend review of the activity in each sector for the years 2000-2005. The aim of the analysis is to create a deeper insight into the forces and the impact these forces are having on the meat supply chain. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Veeboerdery vorm ‘n vername deel van landbou-aktiwiteite in Namibië. Hierdie navorsingsverslag is ’n analise van die rooivleis (bees en skaap) leweringsketting in die land suid van die veeartsafbakeningsheining. Die studie ondersoek die leweringsketting van produksie van vee op plase tot by die plaas van vleis op die markte. Die rooivleis leweringsketting is, vir die doeleindes van hierdie studie, in drie dele verdeel. Hierdie drie dele is die lewerings-sektor wat verantwoordelik is vir die produksie van vee op die plase, die prosesserings-sektor wat verantwoordelik is vir die slag en waardetoevoeging tot die vee-produkte, en die vraag-sektor wat verantwoordelik is vir die plasing van vee en vee-produkte op die mark. Elk van hierdie sektore word ontleed as ’n entiteit. Die drie instrumente wat gebruik word om die sektore te analiseeer is: a) Die markkompeterendheid word gedoen aand die hand van Porter se 5 kragte analise; b) Die “SWOT” analise vir die bepaling van die intrinsieke en ekstrinsieke omgewings van die onderskeie sektore, en c) Tendens oorsig van die aktiwiteite in elke sektor vir die jare 2000-2005. Die doel van die analises is om dieper insig te skep van die kragte en die impak wat hierdie kragte het op die vleis leweringsketting.

This work presents the development of the unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) as an important option for the monitoring and remote sensing of agricultural activities. The UAV application in recognition missions has been favored and helped mainly by the its current technological state of development, like reduced cost of manufacturing, reduction in the size and weight of navigation equipments, and the need of optimizing in the corps production. For a better understanding of this project, the contents were divided into three main subjects, methodology applied for each state, performance of the prototype, monitoring and processing of acquired aerial images. The development of the UAV was focused into the methodological activities used in the project and as well as in the results generated by its application to assemble the final prototype. The material and the technique used for the production of each component of the final UAV prototype, is described through modes and phases. Under the project conditions the set prototype and the equipments used with it showed acceptable results. The acquired and processed images by the set UAV and equipments were good enough for a preliminary analysis of crops and can give support in the identification of blotch and weed invasions in specific areas of them. / Este trabalho apresenta o desenvolvimento dos veículos aéreos não tripulados (VANT) como uma importante opção para o monitoramento e sensoriamento das atividades agrícola. Sua aplicação em missões de reconhecimento vem sendo favorecida e facilitada pelo atual estágio de desenvolvimento tecnológico, principalmente pela redução do custo e do tamanho dos equipamentos e pela necessidade de otimização da produção. Para o melhor entendimento do projeto na íntegra, dividiu-se em três partes, as quais são: metodologia aplicada para a construção do protótipo, desempenho do protótipo e monitoramento e tratamento das imagens aéreas capturadas. Seu desenvolvimento procurou ressaltar as atividades metodológicas envolvidas no processo de projeto e os resultados da metodologia aplicada para a construção do protótipo na concepção final, descrito nos módulos e fases em cada um dos componentes fabricados e nos diversos tipos de materiais empregados na construção do VANT. O protótipo, com seus devidos equipamentos, apresentou resultados satisfatórios para as situações requeridas no projeto e gerou imagens com qualidade suficiente para oferecer informações preliminares de uma determinada área, proporcionando suporte nas atividades agrícolas e o auxílio no planejamento e a tomada de decisões para a localização das manchas nas lavouras.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:33:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 934040 bytes, checksum: a7467380d8f90f917458ec0111c5afa2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-12-03 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The family production features a contemporary complexity and diversity whose perception is crucial to understand the multiplicity and nature of their interests and needs. In this scenario, this study focuses on socioprodutivas settings in agricultural units located in the municipality of Araponga and Muriaé, both located around the State Park of the Sierra Brigadier (PESB), in the Zona da Mata Mineira. The importance of our study lies in describing and comparing two economic realities, more precisely in a region that houses a park of environmental conservation, which because of its length, covering municipalities with a basic rural economy, such as Araponga, and municipalities with a more economical basis based on the provision of services and also in industrial activities, such as Muriaé. Based on information and data resulting from questionnaires among the rural households and key informants, it was possible to understand the peculiarities of the activities in the Zona da Mata pluriactivity Mining. In general terms, which differs mainly pluriactivity activities between the municipalities of Araponga and Muriaé, and explains the results, is the economic and social dynamics of the counties studied. Therefore, the pluriactivity in Araponga is very low, the exchange of work between the families is traditional, which has just minimizing the market for rural jobs. That, combined with scarce economic dynamics of the rural municipality of Araponga, just limiting the spread of activities pluriactivity. Moreover, the overall picture of the city of Muriaé differs from Araponga found in the municipality. The dynamic economic sectors of the municipality covers services, mainly in commercial and industrial textiles. The council is considered a center of fashion, which also brings opportunities for jobs for rural families, especially for women. But not only offers opportunities for non-agricultural jobs, the agricultural activities also point with emphasis. / A produção familiar contemporânea apresenta uma complexidade e diversidade cuja percepção é fundamental para se compreender a multiplicidade e a natureza de seus interesses e necessidades. Neste cenário, o presente estudo busca compreender as configurações socioprodutivas presentes em unidades agrícolas situadas nos município de Araponga e Muriaé, ambos localizados no entorno do Parque Estadual da Serra do Brigadeiro (PESB), na Zona da Mata Mineira. A importância do nosso estudo reside justamente em descrever e comparar duas realidades econômicas, mais precisamente em uma região que abriga um Parque de conservação ambiental, o qual em virtude de sua extensão, abarca municípios com uma base econômica rural, como é o caso de Araponga, e municípios com uma base econômica mais calcada na prestação de serviços e também em atividades industriais, como é o caso de Muriaé. Com base em informações e dados resultantes através de questionários junto às famílias rurais e informantes chave, foi possível compreender as peculiaridades das atividades pluriativas na Zona da Mata Mineira. Em termos gerais, o que difere principalmente na combinação de atividades rurais entre os municípios de Araponga e Muriaé, e explica os resultados encontrados, é a dinâmica econômica e social dos municípios estudados. Logo, a pluriatividade em Araponga é inexistente ou muito incipiente, a troca de trabalho entre as famílias é tradicional, o que acaba minimizando o mercado de empregos rural. Isso, somado à escassa dinâmica econômica rural do município de Araponga, acaba limitando a difusão de atividades pluriativas como opções de renda para as famílias rurais. Por outro lado, o panorama geral do município de Muriaé difere do encontrado no município de Araponga. A dinâmica econômica do município abrange setores de serviços, comerciais e principalmente na área industrial têxtil. O município é considerado um pólo de modas, o que acarreta oportunidades de empregos também para as famílias rurais, principalmente para as mulheres. Mas, não só oferece oportunidades de empregos não-agrícolas, as atividades agrícolas também apontam com destaque, mostrando que a dinâmica econômica do município impacta e transforma as possibilidades de reprodução das famílias rurais.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This work approaches the subject of the new functions of the Brazilian agricultural space; being more specific it is about non-agriculturists rural activities practiced in some rural establishments. The focus of this study was the financings granted for the RS rural program used for the development of non-agriculturists rural activities in the central region of the RS. In a first moment, it was made a preliminary analysis in the selected data - secondary source - supplied by the service of computer science of RS rural program, in a period from January, 1999 to March, 2004. In this sense, it was identified the types of financial activities, the cities benefited for the program in the central region, the beneficiary public as well as the values financed for the program. The results of this inquiry demonstrate that, from the sum of resources financed for income generation, 63% had been destined to non-agriculturists rural activities and only 37% of the resources were destined exclusively for the farming production. 76% of the beneficiary public for the RS agricultural program are in the family farming category, and concerned with the financings for the non-financed griculturists activities, we have 87% as representation of the family farming. Related to the modalities of non-financed agriculturists activities, 52% of beneficiary public had accessed financings for the implementation of agro- industries, 19% for artesanate s practice, 19% for commercial promotion and 10% for other activities considered for the program as micro industrials. The inquiry continued in the qualitative direction of getting information related to the social situation, motivations and aspirations of the people benefited for the program. For this, it was made 19 interviews. These interviews were made by means of questionnaires. The choice of the interviewed ones was based on a directed sample, having as criterion the familiar agriculturist category, the representation of the financed activities and the financed sum. Thus, ten families of farmers with activities related to the agro-industry, three families of farmers who works with an artesanate s practice, more three families with financings for the micro-industrial production and three interviewed families that were tied with the commercial promotion. The analysis of these interviews demonstrate that the search for non-agriculturists alternatives mainly occur due to: the interest in generating and/or complementing the income, facing up some conditions, as the small available area for agriculture; and also for the interest in taking to advantage and occupying the available time and even as an attempt to "escape" from difficulties concerned with some agricultural works. / Este trabalho aborda o tema das novas funções do espaço rural brasileiro, tratando-se mais especificamente das atividades rurais não agrícolas praticadas nos estabelecimentos rurais. O foco do estudo foi os financiamentos concedidos pelo Programa RS Rural para desenvolvimento de atividades rurais não agrícolas na região central do Rio Grande do Sul. Em um primeiro momento foi realizada uma análise preliminar nos dados fonte secundária - fornecidos pelo serviço de informática do Programa RS Rural para o período de Janeiro de 1999 a Março de 2004. Identificou-se assim os tipos de atividades financiadas, os municípios beneficiados, o público beneficiário bem como os valores financiados pelo programa. Os resultados da investigação demonstram que do montante de recursos financiados para geração de renda 63%, foram destinados à atividades rurais não agrícolas e apenas 37% dos recursos foram destinados exclusivamente à produção agropecuária. Do público beneficiário do programa RS Rural, 76 % encontra-se dentro da categoria agricultor familiar, e relacionado especificamente aos financiamentos para atividades rurais não agrícolas, temos uma representatividade da agricultura familiar de 87%. Com relação às modalidades de atividades não agrícolas financiadas, 52% do público beneficiário acessou financiamentos para a viabilização de agroindústrias, 19% para artesanato, 19% para a promoção comercial e 10% para atividades consideradas pelo programa como microindustriais. A investigação prosseguiu no sentido qualitativo de se obter informações relacionadas à situação social, motivações e aspirações das pessoas beneficiadas pelo Programa. Para tanto, foram realizadas 19 entrevistas. A escolha dos entrevistados baseou-se em uma amostra dirigida, tendo como critério a categoria agricultor familiar, a representatividade das atividades financiadas e o montante financiado. Assim, foram entrevistadas dez famílias de agricultores com atividades vinculadas à agroindústria, três famílias de agricultores ligados ao artesanato, mais três famílias com financiamentos para produção microindustrial e três famílias entrevistadas vinculadas à promoção comercial. Os dados das entrevistas demonstram que a busca por alternativas não agrícolas se dá principalmente pelo interesse em gerar e/ou complementar a renda, frente a alguns condicionantes do estabelecimento, como a pequena área disponível para a agricultura. Entretanto, também pelo interesse em aproveitar e ocupar o tempo disponível e mesmo como uma tentativa de fuga da penosidade advinda de alguns trabalhos agrícolas.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:00:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 4238.pdf: 2781168 bytes, checksum: 2de4ed5205f3c061ab559159a81b26be (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-10-27 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / Agricultural practices present themselves as potentially polluting to groundwater. The recharge areas, where the aquifers tend to be more vulnerable, are under important agricultural areas, and there are not many researches that evaluate the impact of agricultural activity on groundwater quality. The occurrence of high nitrate concentrations, as an effect of the intensive use of fertilizers and nitrogen-rich agricultural products, along with the disposal of agro-industrial residues on the ground, such as nitrogen-rich vinasse, are some of the biggest concerns due to agricultural activity. Considering the existence of extensive areas of sugar cane production, as well as the need for preserving the recharge areas occurring at the Water Resources Management Unit nº 13 (Tietê-Jacaré), this research has as its main goal the accomplishment of a survey and systematization, from water quality existing data, of nitrate occurrence in Serra Geral, Bauru and Guarani Aquifer Systems groundwater, at the Tietê- Jacaré hydrographic basin. Thus, the existing data from groundwater quality monitoring performed by the São Paulo State Environmental Agency were consolidated, for the nitrate parameter, and, moreover, there had been analyzed results from groundwater analyses, for the Nitrate parameter, of a total of 151 private deep wells located in agricultural areas at the Tietê-Jacaré basin, registered at the São Paulo State Water Department. The integrated data, grouped for each Aquifer, has been submitted to basic statistics analysis, calculating its averages, medium, maximum and minimums. The medium ones were used as a reference, for comparison to the orientating values of quality reference, prevention and intervention. Of general form, from the results of the existing analyses, it is observed that the Nitrate concentrations are low, finding higher values in wells that take water from Bauru and Serra Geral Aquifers. None of the raised concentrations were above the national drinking water standard, however, the occurrence of nitrate concentrations above the prevention value deserves attention, indicating alteration on natural balance, mainly for human influence. The wells and their nitrate concentrations were located on a Tietê-Jacaré land use map, through which the ones located in sugar cane areas were identified. The nitrate data for those wells on sugar cane production areas were submitted, separately, to another basic statistics analysis, calculating the averages, medium, maximum and minimum, for comparison with the other wells located in areas with different land use types. On average, the concentrations of the wells in sugar cane area are higher than the concentrations for other wells, especially for the Bauru and Guarani Aquifers. In general, there are increasing concentrations throughout time, indicating the need for continuous monitoring for the nitrate parameter, beyond the establishment of preventive actions to avoid nitrate pollution. / As práticas agrícolas apresentam-se como potencialmente poluidoras às águas subterrâneas. As áreas de recarga, onde os aqüíferos tendem a ser mais vulneráveis, coincidem com importantes áreas agrícolas, e ainda são escassos os trabalhos que avaliam o impacto da atividade agrícola sobre a qualidade das águas subterrâneas. A ocorrência de altas concentrações de nitrato, como efeito da aplicação intensiva e prolongada em extensas áreas de fertilizantes e insumos agrícolas nitrogenados, além da prática da disposição de resíduos agro-industriais no solo, principalmente a vinhaça, rica em nitrogênio, são umas das maiores preocupações devido à atividade agrícola. Considerando a existência de extensas áreas de plantio de cana-de-açúcar, bem como a necessidade de preservação de áreas de recarga ocorrentes na Unidade de Gerenciamento de Recursos Hídricos nº 13 (Tietê-Jacaré), a presente pesquisa teve por objetivo principal a realização de um levantamento e sistematização da ocorrência de nitrato nas águas subterrâneas dos Sistemas Aqüíferos Serra Geral, Bauru e Guarani, a partir de dados existentes de qualidade da água, na bacia hidrográfica do Tietê-Jacaré. Foram consolidados os dados existentes, quanto ao parâmetro nitrato, do monitoramento da qualidade das águas subterrâneas realizado pela CETESB na bacia e, além disso, fez-se um levantamento da ocorrência de nitrato em águas de poços profundos localizados em áreas rurais da mesma. Assim, foram estudados resultados de análises de água subterrânea, quanto ao parâmetro Nitrato, de um conjunto total de 151 poços particulares localizados em áreas rurais da bacia do Tietê-Jacaré, cadastrados junto ao DAEE. Os dados integrados, agrupados por aqüífero, foram submetidos à análise estatística básica, calculando-se as suas médias, medianas, máximos e mínimos. As medianas foram utilizadas como referência, para comparação com os valores orientadores de referência de qualidade, prevenção e intervenção. De forma geral, a partir dos resultados das análises existentes, observa-se que as concentrações de Nitrogênio-Nitrato são baixas, encontrando-se valores mais elevados em poços que exploram os Aqüíferos Bauru e Serra Geral. Nenhuma das concentrações levantadas foi superior ao padrão de potabilidade, no entanto, merecem atenção as concentrações de nitrato que estão acima do valor de prevenção, indicando alteração do equilíbrio natural, principalmente por influência antrópica. Através das Coordenadas UTM dos poços e suas respectivas concentrações de Nitrato levantadas junto ao DAEE, os mesmos foram locados em um mapa georreferenciado de uso do solo da bacia do Tietê-Jacaré, através do qual foram identificados aqueles que se localizam em áreas de cultivo de cana-de-açúcar. Os dados integrados dos poços em área de cultivo agrícola de cana-de-açúcar foram submetidos, em separado, a nova análise estatística básica, calculando-se as médias, medianas, máximos e mínimos, para efeito de comparação com os demais poços localizados em áreas com diferentes classes de uso do solo. Em média, as concentrações dos poços em área de cana são superiores às encontradas para as concentrações dos demais poços, tanto para o Aqüífero Guarani, como para o Aqüífero Bauru. De uma forma geral, observa-se a existência de uma tendência de aumento das concentrações ao longo do tempo, indicando a necessidade de continuidade do monitoramento do referido parâmetro, além do estabelecimento de ações de prevenção à poluição por nitrato.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:34:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JoseANS_DISSERT.pdf: 1156572 bytes, checksum: 4666965366a1ddf89a4160f89ef286c0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-11-19 / This study aims to analyze the main effect of social programs and cash transfers on the labor supply of non-farm family members in poverty in rural areas of the Northeast. Among the specific objectives, we sought to investigate the effects of these programs and individual characteristics on the decision of participation and allocation of working hours of parents and children in non-agricultural activities. It was assumed, as a theoretical basis, the model of neoclassical labor supply as well as the principle that the decision of allocation of working hours, non-agricultural, is subject to the initial choice of the worker devote or not the non-agricultural employment . The hypothesis assumes that access to social programs and income transfer contributes to the dismay of rural workers, in poverty, in its decision to participate and offer hours of work in non-agricultural activities. To achieve this objective, we applied the models of Heckman (1979) and Double Hurdle, of Cragg (1971), consisting of associating the decision to participate in the labor market with the decision on the amount of hours allocated. The database used was the National Survey by Household Sampling (PNAD) of 2006. The results of the heads of households showed that transfers of income, although they may have some effect on labor supply rural nonfarm, the magnitude has to say that there may be some dependence on benefits. The estimates for the joint children of 10 to 15 years showed that the programs have negatively influenced participation in suggesting an increase in school participation, although for the allocation of working hours the results were not significant on the incidence of child labor / Este estudo tem como objetivo principal analisar o efeito dos programas sociais e de transfer?ncia de renda sobre a oferta de trabalho n?o agr?cola de membros das fam?lias em condi??o de pobreza no meio rural da regi?o Nordeste. Entre os objetivos espec?ficos, procurou-se investigar os efeitos desses programas e das caracter?sticas individuais sobre a decis?o de participa??o e de aloca??o de horas de trabalho de pais e de filhos em atividades n?o agr?colas. Admitiu-se, como base te?rica, o modelo de oferta de trabalho neocl?ssico, bem como o princ?pio de que a decis?o de aloca??o de horas de trabalho n?o agr?cola est? condicionada ? escolha inicial do trabalhador em se dedicar ou n?o ao emprego n?o agr?cola. A hip?tese testada pressup?e que o acesso aos programas sociais e de transfer?ncia de renda contribuem para o desalento do trabalhador rural, em condi??o de pobreza, na sua decis?o de participar e ofertar horas de trabalho nas atividades n?o agr?colas. Para alcan?ar esse objetivo, aplicaram-se os modelos de Heckman (1979) e de Double Hurdle, de Cragg (1971), que consistem em associar a decis?o de participa??o no mercado de trabalho com a decis?o da quantidade de horas de trabalho alocadas. A base de dados utilizada foi a da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostragem de Domicilio (PNAD), do ano de 2006. Os resultados dos chefes dos domic?lios mostraram que as transfer?ncias de renda, embora possam ter algum efeito sobre a oferta de trabalho rural n?o agr?cola, n?o t?m magnitude suficiente para que se afirme que possa haver alguma depend?ncia em rela??o aos benef?cios. As estima??es conjuntas para os filhos de 10 a 15 anos mostraram que os programas t?m influenciado negativamente na participa??o, sugerindo um aumento na participa??o escolar, embora, para a aloca??o de horas de trabalho, os resultados n?o tenham sido significantes sobre a incid?ncia de trabalho infantil

At Constitutional level, legislation in South Africa entrenches the provision of food and water for all its citizens. In instances where citizens are unable to provide in these basic requirements for themselves, social assistance should be provided to ensure a healthy life for all. In this regard, legislation and Town Planning ordinances and regulations are in place to ensure that built-up environments in which we live and work are healthy and safe for all. However, this study revealed that food provisioning by community gardeners is peripheral in legislation, ordinances and regulations and the practice of urban agriculture is, in many instances, in conflict with the principle of safe and healthy food for all. Community gardeners/urban agriculturists are food farmers within the city who produce food for themselves and others without the checks and balances that are otherwise applicable to food brought into the city from outside. While food production on any piece of available land is vital for these community gardeners for their sustenance and survival, it could become a potential health hazard if no checks or testing measures are in place to ensure that the food being produced is safe for human consumption. The study sought the views and perceptions of community gardeners, residents, Environmental Health Practitioners and Town Planners in the eThekwini Metro region with regards to community gardening/urban agriculture and its impact on food provisioning to citizens. For data collection, a one-on-one interviewing survey method was used with all four groups and results were calculated and converted to average percentages and analysed. The results revealed that there was conflict between legislation, ordinances and regulations regarding the production of food in the built-up environment of the EThekwini Municipality. It was also revealed that there was no cohesive policy to control the production of food produced and sold by community gardeners in the study area. The need for control measures and regulations regarding food production and sale by community gardeners was highlighted. Moreover, where ineffective or none such measures or controls exist, a transparent and consultative process involving all stakeholders must take place in order to establish up viable and sustainable control measures. The people who will be most affected by these rules, namely the community gardeners, should be pivotal role players in the establishment of a sustainable urban agriculture policy. Recommendations to address the problems illuminated by the study are presented. / Environmental Sciences / Ph. D. (Environmental Management)

The general aim of my diploma thesis was to create a business concept of facilities of hunting tourism in the Pilsner region. Klatovské rybářství, a.s. was selected as a cooperative company, which deals with agricultural activities, especially fish and poultry breeding. The company operates some services of hunting tourism, but it is not the main field. The thesis will serve as a manual for "non-experts" who are interested in expanding their range of travel services. The resulting business concept will consequently be presented to the management of the company in order to demonstrate how the company can further develop. While writing this thesis I got several perspectives on the issue of hunting tourism in the area. The first view was provided by the existing clients of the company who filled in questionnaires which were designed to determine their interest in these services. In addition, three representatives were selected from age groups who were asked for ideas about how the device should look. Another view was obtained through an interview with the director of the company and the employee responsible for the current planning and management of hunting activities. Next view on the issue of hunting tourism, which should be independent, was provided by an employee of Infocentre Bor. Here it was revealed that hunting tourism is not popular with everyone and that it is a rather controversial topic. However, we can say that if done correctly and with concern for the countryside, it can bring many benefits to the given region. These include attracting visitors of other segments of the society, the development of the region, expansion of tourism services and expansion of cooperation between entrepreneurs. Last view was represented by my own experience that I gained during working participation in hunting tourism events. At the beginning of my diploma thesis I determined three working hypotheses. All available resources helped me to evaluate the present circumstances and I can confirm all three hypotheses. The general aim was to create a business concept of facilities of hunting tourism in the Pilsner region. I was able to realize the general aim thanks to the cooperation with the company and by means of utilizing all available information. Now the diploma thesis will be handed over to the management for consideration and possible implementation