Thesis (M.S.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1993. / Vita. Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 106-108). Also available via the Internet.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Medical University of Ohio, 2005. / "In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Medical Sciences." Major advisor: Joseph F. Margiotta. Includes abstract. Document formatted into pages: iii, 226 p. Title from title page of PDF document. Bibliography: pages 80-92,130-139,149-225.

Thesis (doctoral)--University of Stockholm, 1983. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 39-44 (first group)).

Orientador: Rafael Montanari / Resumo: A utilização de áreas de florestas nativas na região do Cerrado, convertidas para a produção agrícola e florestal, tem provocado efeitos sobre a qualidade física dos solos (QFS). Assim, o objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a influência da ocupação de espécies florestais em comparação com uma área de Mata Ciliar (Reflorestada), implantados há 30 anos, sobre a qualidade física de um Latossolo Vermelho, na região do Cerrado brasileiro. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida no município de Selvíria-MS, durante o ano agrícola de 2016/17. Os tratamentos corresponderam a três áreas (Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis e Mata Ciliar reflorestada). O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, com três tratamentos, e vinte e cinco repetições. A QFS foi avaliada em quatro profundidades (0,00-0,10; 0,10-0,20; 0,20-0,30 e 0,30-0,40 m), utilizando dez atributos físicos do solo: macroporosidade (Ma), microporosidade (Mi), porosidade total calculada (PTc), porosidade total determinada (PTd), densidade no solo (DS), densidade da partícula (DP), resistência mecânica à penetração (RP), umidade gravimétrica (UG), umidade volumétrica (UV) e a granulometria do solo (areia, silte e argila). Os tratamentos influenciaram à QFS, alterando a DS, Mi, Ma, UG, RP e UV. A área de Eucalyptus Camaldulensis foi a que apresentou a melhor QFS, em comparação com a Mata Ciliar. / Abstract: The use of native forest areas in the Cerrado region, converted to agricultural and forestry production, has had effects on the physical quality of soils (SPQ). Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of the occupation of forest species in comparison with an area of Ciliary Forest (reforested), implanted 30 years ago, on the physical quality of a Oxisol, in a low Cerrado region. The experiment was carried out in the municipality of Selvíria, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil, during the agricultural year 2016/17. The treatments corresponded to three areas (Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Pinus caribaea var. Hondurensis and Reforested ciliary forest). The experimental design was a completely randomized design with three treatments and twenty five replicates. The SPQ was evaluated at four depths (0.00-0.10, 0.10-0.20, 0.20-0.30 and 0.30-0.40 m) using ten soil physical attributes: soil attributes analyzed were: macroporosity (Ma), microporosity (Mi), calculated total porosity (PTc), determined total porosity (PTd), bulk density (BD), real particle (RP), mechanical resistance to penetration (PR), gravimetric moisture (GM), volumetric moisture (VM) and soil grading (sand, silt and clay). The treatments influenced SPQ by altering BD, Mi, Ma, GM, RP and VM. The area of Eucalyptus Camaldulensis was the one that presented the best SPQ, compared to the Ciliary Forest. / Mestre

Submitted by Diego dos Santos (diegol_360@hotmail.com) on 2018-03-26T16:45:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 pereira_ds_ilha.pdf: 1623527 bytes, checksum: e9e8ac0755573086604640971c171fe4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Cristina Alexandra de Godoy null (cristina@adm.feis.unesp.br) on 2018-03-26T16:57:01Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 pereira_ds_me_ilha.pdf: 1623527 bytes, checksum: e9e8ac0755573086604640971c171fe4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-26T16:57:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 pereira_ds_me_ilha.pdf: 1623527 bytes, checksum: e9e8ac0755573086604640971c171fe4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-02-16 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / A utilização de áreas de florestas nativas na região do Cerrado, convertidas para a produção agrícola e florestal, tem provocado efeitos sobre a qualidade física dos solos (QFS). Assim, o objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a influência da ocupação de espécies florestais em comparação com uma área de Mata Ciliar (Reflorestada), implantados há 30 anos, sobre a qualidade física de um Latossolo Vermelho, na região do Cerrado brasileiro. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida no município de Selvíria-MS, durante o ano agrícola de 2016/17. Os tratamentos corresponderam a três áreas (Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis e Mata Ciliar reflorestada). O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, com três tratamentos, e vinte e cinco repetições. A QFS foi avaliada em quatro profundidades (0,00-0,10; 0,10-0,20; 0,20-0,30 e 0,30-0,40 m), utilizando dez atributos físicos do solo: macroporosidade (Ma), microporosidade (Mi), porosidade total calculada (PTc), porosidade total determinada (PTd), densidade no solo (DS), densidade da partícula (DP), resistência mecânica à penetração (RP), umidade gravimétrica (UG), umidade volumétrica (UV) e a granulometria do solo (areia, silte e argila). Os tratamentos influenciaram à QFS, alterando a DS, Mi, Ma, UG, RP e UV. A área de Eucalyptus Camaldulensis foi a que apresentou a melhor QFS, em comparação com a Mata Ciliar. / The use of native forest areas in the Cerrado region, converted to agricultural and forestry production, has had effects on the physical quality of soils (SPQ). Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of the occupation of forest species in comparison with an area of Ciliary Forest (reforested), implanted 30 years ago, on the physical quality of a Oxisol, in a low Cerrado region. The experiment was carried out in the municipality of Selvíria, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil, during the agricultural year 2016/17. The treatments corresponded to three areas (Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Pinus caribaea var. Hondurensis and Reforested ciliary forest). The experimental design was a completely randomized design with three treatments and twenty five replicates. The SPQ was evaluated at four depths (0.00-0.10, 0.10-0.20, 0.20-0.30 and 0.30-0.40 m) using ten soil physical attributes: soil attributes analyzed were: macroporosity (Ma), microporosity (Mi), calculated total porosity (PTc), determined total porosity (PTd), bulk density (BD), real particle (RP), mechanical resistance to penetration (PR), gravimetric moisture (GM), volumetric moisture (VM) and soil grading (sand, silt and clay). The treatments influenced SPQ by altering BD, Mi, Ma, GM, RP and VM. The area of Eucalyptus Camaldulensis was the one that presented the best SPQ, compared to the Ciliary Forest.

Orientador: Pedro Ramos / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-07T02:37:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ferreira_PatriciaRosedePaiva_M.pdf: 5128322 bytes, checksum: 9c015db2cd6f347d33828bb217d3d6b8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Resumo: A Política Ambiental do Brasil é implantada através de leis, sendo que a política de preservação das matas ciliares não é diferente. Mas para que os instrumentos preventivos e repressivos previstos nas leis surtam efeitos nos municípios, é necessária uma estrutura administrativa municipal e judiciária que cumpra os ditames legais. Deste modo, a presente pesquisa fez uma análise dos principais instrumentos legais de reservarão e de repressão adotados pela Administração Pública Municipal de Camanducaia, pelo Judiciário da Comarca e seus órgãos auxiliares nos casos de agressões praticadas contra as matas ciliares do rio Camanducaia e verificou a não efetividade do cumprimento de tais instrumentos / Abstract: The Environmental Politics of Brazil is implemented though laws, and the politics of preservation of the ciliary forests is not differente. But, so that the preventive and repressive instruments foreseen in the lws supply effects in the municipal districts, it is necessary a municipal and judiciary administrative structure so that the legal dictates are accomplished. This research makes an analysis of the main legal instruments of preservation and repression adopted by the Municipal Public Administration of the city of Camanducaia, for the Judiciary of the District and their auxiliary organs, in the cases of agressions practiced against the ciliary forests of the river Camanducaia. It was verified that the executions of such instruments was not executed. / Mestrado / Desenvolvimento Economico, Espaço e Meio Ambiente / Mestre em Desenvolvimento Econômico

Orientadores: Francesco Langone, Licio Augusto Velloso / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-09T03:39:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Vieira_AndreSchwambach_M.pdf: 3969141 bytes, checksum: 53eff5b5bbec953a73e9ddc63cd3ea39 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: O Fator Neurotrófico Ciliar (CNTF) é uma neurocitocina com múltiplas atividades biológicas, sendo notável sua habilidade de proteger motoneurônios. Entretanto, a administração de CNTF leva à redução de peso corporal. Por outro lado, a administração do CNTF fusionado a um Domínio de Transdução de Proteínas (PTD), denominado TAT-CNTF, é capaz de proteger motoneurônios da medula espinhal axotomizados sem causar este efeito. O presente trabalho investigou se a administração intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) de TAT-CNTF produz os conhecidos efeitos catabólicos do CNTF. Para isso, ratos Wistar machos, com uma cânula crônicamente implantada no ventrículo lateral, foram distribuídos em quatro grupos: TAT-CNTF (2,5µg/8µl), CNTF (2,5µg/8µl), Leptina (LEP) (5µg/8µl) e PBS, que receberam uma infusão i.c.v. a cada 12h por 4 dias. O grupo tratado com TAT-CNTF apresentou menor perda de peso quando comparado aos grupos CNTF e LEP. As infusões i.c.v. de TAT-CNTF não reduziram o peso das gorduras retroperitonial (RP), epididimal (EP) e marrom interescapular (GM). O grupo CNTF apresentou redução do peso destas gorduras. Os grupos CNTF e LEP apresentaram aumento da fragmentação do DNA nas gorduras RP e EP. Por outro lado, o grupo TAT-CNTF não apresentou aumento da fragmentação do DNA nas amostras de RP, EP e GM. Um padrão de degradação internucleossomal do DNA e a presença de células TUNEL positivas foram detectados apenas nas gorduras dos animais dos grupos CNTF e LEP. Estes grupos também apresentaram aumento da expressão da UCP1 na GM, ao passo que o grupo TAT-CNTF não apresentou tal resultado. A análise da fosforilação da STAT3 no hipotálamo após uma única infusão i.c.v. de TAT-CNTF demonstrou, após 20 minutos, um efeito menor que o observado após infusão de CNTF. Em conclusão, nossos dados sugerem que o TAT-CNTF possui ação diferente do CNTF nas áreas hipotalâmicas envolvidas no controle da ingesta e do metabolismo / Abstract: The Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor (CNTF) is a neurocitokine with multiple biological activities, being notable its ability to protect lesioned motoneurons. However, administration of CNTF leads to reduction of body mass, while administration of CNTF fusioned with a Protein Transduction Domain (PTD), named TAT-CNTF, protects lesioned spinal motoneurons with no effects on body weight. In the present work, we investigated whether intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of TAT-CNTF would produce CNTF known catabolic effects. Male Wistar rats with a canula chronically implanted in the lateral ventricle were randomly assigned to four treatment groups: TAT-CNTF (2,5µg/8µl), CNTF (2,5µg/8µl), Leptin (LEP) (5µg/8µl) and PBS, that received an i.c.v. infusion every 12h for 4 days. TAT-CNTF treated group had a reduced weight loss when compared with CNTF and LEP groups. TAT-CNTF i.c.v. infusions did not reduce the weights of retroperitoneal (RP) and epididimal (EP) white adipose tissue, as well as interescapular brown adipose tissue (BAT) while CNTF i.c.v. administration reduced the weight of all these tissues. CNTF and LEP groups showed an increase of DNA fragmentation in RP and EP. On the other hand, TAT-CNTF group had no increase in DNA fragmentation in RP, EP and GM. A DNA ladder pattern and TUNEL positive cells could only be detected in adipose tissues from CNTF and LEP groups. CNTF and LEP treated groups had an increase in the expression of UCP1 in BAT, while TAT-CNTF treatment had no effects on UCP1 expression. An acute i.c.v. administration demonstrated that after 20 minutes TAT-CNTF induced less intense STAT3 phosphorilation in the hypothalamus when compared with CNTF acute infusions. In conclusion these data suggest that TAT-CNTF has a different action on hypothalamic areas involved in the control of food intake and energy metabolism / Mestrado / Fisiologia / Mestre em Biologia Funcional e Molecular

O Corpo Ciliar (CC) é uma fonte de células tronco da retina de animais adultos, mas sua ativação permanece desconhecida. GTPases Rho são proteínas que reorganizam do citoesqueleto de actina, regulam vias de sinalização e transcrição gênica, sobrevivência celular e proliferação. Neste trabalho, investigamos a expressão das GTPases Rho nas células do CC e seu efeito na regulação do ciclo celular. As GTPases RhoA, RhoB e Rac1 foram expressas nas células do CC e sua ativação pelo ácido lisofosfatidico (LPA) aumentou a expressão dos genes progenitores retinianos Pax6 e Chx10. A inibição das proteínas por Toxina A de Clostridium difficile aumentou a proliferação no CC e potencializou o efeito proliferativo dos fatores de crescimento. A inibição especifica destas proteínas diminuiu a expressão dos transcritos de p21cip, p27kip, p16INK4a e p19INK4d e aumentou de Ki67, CiclinaA e D1. O estudo da via de Wnt indicou que Rac1 regulou os genes de componentes da degradação de -catenina e Lef1. Concluímos que a inativação das GTPases Rho induziu a proliferação das células progenitoras retinianas localizadas no CC e regulou a via de Wnt. Sua ativação induziu o perfil de célula progenitora, sugerindo uma nova ferramenta para o mecanismo de reparo retiniano. / Ciliary Body (CB) is a potential source of stem cells in the adult retina, but its activation is still unknown. Rho GTPases play a role in actin-based cytoskeleton reorganization, regulate signaling pathways and gene transcription, cell survival and cell proliferation. In this study we investigated the expression of Rho GTPases in CB cells and their role on cell cycle regulation. The GTPases RhoA, RhoB and Rac1 were present in CB cells and the activation by lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) increased the expression of the progenitor genes Pax6 and Chx10. The inhibition by Clostridium difficile Toxin A increased the proliferation of CB cells and potentiated the proliferative effect of growth factors. The specific inhibition decreased the expression of p21cip, p27kip, p16INK4a and p19INK4d as well as increased Ki67, cyclinA and D1 transcripts. The Wnt pathway study indicated that Rac1 regulated -catenin degradation genes components and Lef1. Taken together, the inactivation of Rho GTPases stimulated the proliferation of progenitor cells located in CB as well as regulate the Wnt signaling pathway. The proteins activation was correlated to progenitor profile induction. These different mechanisms may provide a potential new approach on retinal repair.

Neurturin (NRTN) is a neurotrophic factor required for the development of many parasympathetic neurons and normal cholinergic innervation of the heart, lacrimal glands and numerous other tissues. Previous studies with transgenic mouse models showed that NRTN is also essential for normal development and function of the retina (J. Neurosci. 28:4123-4135, 2008). NRTN knockout (KO) mice exhibit a marked thinning of the outer plexiform layer (OPL) of the retina, with reduced abundance of horizontal cell dendrites and axons, and aberrant projections of horizontal cells and bipolar cells into the outer nuclear layer. The effects of NRTN deletion on specific neurotransmitter systems in the retina and on cholinergic innervation of the iris are unknown. To begin addressing this deficiency, we used immunohistochemical methods to study cholinergic and noradrenergic innervation of the iris and the presence and localization of cholinergic and dopaminergic neurons and nerve fibers in eyes from adult male wild-type (WT) and NRTN KO mice (age 4-6 months). Mice were euthanized, and eyes were removed and fixed in cold neutral buffered formalin or 4% paraformaldehyde. Formalin-fixed eyes were embedded in paraffin, and 5μm cross-sections were collected. Representative sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin or processed for fluorescence immunohistochemistry after treatment for antigen retrieval. Whole mount preparations were dissected from paraformaldehyde fixed eyes and used for immunohistochemistry. Cholinergic and catecholaminergic nerve fibers were labeled with primary antibodies to the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), respectively. Cholinergic and dopaminergic cell bodies were labeled with antibodies to choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and TH, respectively. Cholinergic innervation of the mouse iris was restricted to the sphincter region, and noradrenergic fibers occurred throughout the iris and in the ciliary processes. This pattern was unaffected by deletion of NRTN. Furthermore, functional experiments demonstrated that cholinergic regulation of the pupil diameter was retained in NRTN KO mice. Hematoxylin and eosin stains of the retina confirmed a marked thinning of the OPL in KO mice. VAChT and ChAT staining of the retina revealed two bands of cholinergic processes in the inner plexiform layer, and these were unaffected by NRTN deletion. Likewise, NRTN deletion did not affect the abundance of ChAT-positive ganglion and amacrine cells. In marked contrast, staining for TH showed an increased abundance of dopaminergic processes in the OPL of retina from KO mice. Staining of retinal whole mounts for TH showed no difference in the abundance of dopaminergic amacrine cells between WT and KO mice. These findings demonstrate that the neurotrophic factor NRTN is not required for the development or maintenance of cholinergic innervation of the iris, cholinergic control of pupil diameter, or for development of cholinergic and dopaminergic amacrine cells of the retina. However, NRTN deficiency causes a marked reduction in the size of the OPL and aberrant growth of dopaminergic processes into this region.

Disruption of cilia proteins results in a range of disorders called ciliopathies. However, the mechanism by which cilia dysfunction contributes to disease is not well understood. Intraflagellar transport (IFT) proteins are required for ciliogenesis. They carry ciliary cargo along the microtubule axoneme while riding microtubule motors. Interestingly, IFT proteins localize to spindle poles in non-ciliated, mitotic cells, suggesting a mitotic function for IFT proteins. Based on their role in cilia, we hypothesized that IFT proteins regulate microtubule-based transport during mitotic spindle assembly. Biochemical investigation revealed that in mitotic cells IFT88, IFT57, IFT52, and IFT20 interact with dynein1, a microtubule motor required for spindle pole maturation. Furthermore, IFT88 co-localizes with dynein1 and its mitotic cargo during spindle assembly, suggesting a role for IFT88 in regulating dynein-mediated transport to spindle poles. Based on these results we analyzed spindle poles after IFT protein depletion and found that IFT88 depletion disrupted EB1, γ-tubulin, and astral microtubule arrays at spindle poles. Unlike IFT88, depletion of IFT57, IFT52, or IFT20 did not disrupt spindle poles. Strikingly, the simultaneous depletion of IFT88 and IFT20 rescued the spindle pole disruption caused by IFT88 depletion alone, suggesting a model in which IFT88 negatively regulates IFT20, and IFT20 negatively regulates microtubulebased transport during mitosis. Our work demonstrates for the first time that IFT proteins function with dynein1 in mitosis, and it also raises the important possibility that mitotic defects caused by IFT protein disruption could contribute to the phenotypes associated with ciliopathies.