Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago, Dept. of Education, August 1999. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (Ed. D.)--Illinois State University, 1999. / Title from title page screen, viewed July 27, 2006. Dissertation Committee: Elizabeth Lugg (chair), James Martindale, James Palmer, Al Azinger. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 134-142) and abstract. Also available in print.

Le renouvellement des formes de participation des structures culturelles et territoriales pose la question du positionnement des acteurs de la participation dans la mise en place de dispositifs participatifs. L'analyse des dispositifs participatifs montre en quoi ces derniers inscrivent la participation dans une mise en scène de la participation sur le territoire. Des évolutions sont relatives à la « figure » du participant et à sa « parole » potentielle dans les structures et soulèvent des contradictions entre des logiques d'audience et de production, et une volonté d'intégrer des formes plus « sensibles ». En effet, des injonctions à la « créativité » apparaissent avec la mise en place de parcours dans la ville avec les participants, d'ateliers d'écriture pour scénariser les usages du territoire et de restitutions sur scène des expériences de participation, nécessitant de la part des participants un engagement corporel et scénique. Des collaborations avec le monde de l'entreprise et la recherche scientifique conduisent à une complexification des langages de la participation et des techniques empruntant à la fois à l'animation théâtrale et à l'entreprise, du management de la « créativité ». Face à ces conditions, les participants manifestent leur volonté de contrôler leur image et de s'emparer des dispositifs pour communiquer leur propre « sens » de la participation. Autant de conditions s'inscrivent dans des modes d'engagement qui interviennent dans une situation d'épreuve de la confiance envers les structures. La réflexion sur les conditions de mise en scène des dispositifs participatifs, les modes d'engagement des participants, leur scénarisation et leur dramatisation de la participation en lien avec les acteurs de la participations, politiques et administratifs, ainsi que sur les spécificités des stratégies de mise en visibilité de l'activité de participant, permettent de poursuivre l'analyse de l'espace dramaturgique de la participation et de ses enjeux politiques. / The cultural and local institutions are trying to renew the public debates forms. The participatory devices components are getting immersive and multimodal, making the participants physically and bodily involved. However, some factors as « sociability » and « creativity », which are increasingly introduced in the participatory devices, would change the participant stratus into audience status. We analyzed strategies used by the participation's actors to set up the participatory devices and make the participant as « co-producer ». We analyzed the participants appropriation. The participant's body engagement gives a visual image of his activity : it makes it observable for the institution. Therefore, the body's image is taking importance in the aesthetic experience of public debate as reaching a social network experience. The network experience would redefine the expressiveness and the articulation between individual identity and « community ». In order to analyse the communication issues it raises, we focused on differents process of the participatory devices : the exhibition's participant, the narrative construction of the engagements and the scenarisation of the participation.

Thesis (M.S.)--Boston University / A shifting of age patterns towards a larger number of older people in the population is creating a new frontier for social work in our American Society. Increasingly, group work agencies are being challenged to meet the needs of our senior citizens through day center and club programs. For most group work agencies programming for the older person is a relatively new development and one requiring constant experimentation and evaluation . While aged persons have much in common , just as other age groups do, there still remains a uniqueness of different individuals and groups. Therefore, in evaluating the effectiveness of a group work program for the aged, each group must be studied in light of the needs and characteristics of this particular group .The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the program of the Sixty Club of Union Settlement of Hartford in light of the following criteria. Does the program grow out of the needs and interests of the individuals who compose the group? Does the program take into account such factors as age of group members and economic and cultura l backgrounds? Is the program diversified enough to satisfy a variety of needs and interests?

Purpose: The relationship between context and e-governance has been gaining a significant momentum in academic circles due its social and technical complexities. There are many challenges posed by the disparity between the context and the system when it comes to e-governance in developing countries. This research aims to reveal more successful adoption of e-governance initiatives and exposes factors that hinder its implementation. We develop a conceptual framework showing the reciprocity between the context and the system or what is termed “Context-System Gap”. Therefore, this research will study the appropriateness of the context and its influence on the system and the influence of the system on the context. The purpose of this research is to explore the factors that enable successful e-government adoption in Lebanon, where e-governance is still at its initial stage. Most empirical research and theories on the implementation of e-governance in developing countries remain at the macro-level and miss out on the complexities of the context of deployment and the role of the gap between the citizens and the government. The purpose of this thesis is to provide an empirical model differentiating between the electronic context and the electronic system and shed a light over a new gap, government-citizen gap, in the adoption of e-government. Design/methodology/approach: Following previous research on e-government services adoption, this study uses several technology use and acceptance models and literature to examine the elements behind the adoption and use of e-government services in Lebanon from citizen and government perspectives. The research strategy is a quantitative method approach employing questionnaire. Quantitative data will be collected from e-government users (citizens) and statistical tests will be conducted in order to examine the relation between variables. Practical implications: The findings are useful for policy-makers and decision-makers to develop a better understanding of citizens' needs. The proposed model can be used as a guideline for the implementation of e-government services in developing countries. Originality/value: This study is the only one to examine the dimensions influencing citizens’ adoption of e-government technologies in developing countries using a unified model merging context and system elements.

This report evaluates the Civic and Advice Centres Programme (CACP) administered by Kagiso Trust (KT) with funds from, primarily, the Commission of the European Communities (CEC). Between 1987 and 1992 over R 13 mn was disbursed through this programme. The authors of this report were appointed by the CEC and KT as consultants in November 1992. This is our final report. This report is the product of an evaluation conducted by the consultants in accordance with Terms of Reference defined by the CEC and KT. As such the report does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of either the CEC or KT. It is important to indicate clearly what this report is and is not. It is a report for the funding organizations - KT and the CEC - on their funding of civics and advice centres. It is not a study of civics and advice centres perse. There are important aspects of the civic movement which are not examined here. Our recommendations are offered to the funding organizations. Neither our analysis nor our recommendations are intended to be prescriptive of or for civics and advice centres. It is up to civics and advice centres to assess their own experiences and to choose their own routes into the post-apartheid future. Our concern here in this report has merely been to point out to the funders how their funds have been used, and how funds might be constructively used in future to further the democratisation of governmental and developmental processes. The consultants are grateful to all of the individuals and organizations who were able to spare time to discuss with us their experiences and perceptions of the CACP. They are too many to name here, but they are listed in Annex B. Our role as consultants has been in part to collate the many incisive comments made to us in our many discussions around the country. There are few suggestions here which have not been made by one or other of our interviewees. We are grateful to the CEC and KT for the assistance they provided. At KT’s head office we have been extensively assisted by Spencer Malongete, Pam Hamese and Muzwandile Lumka. We are grateful also to the staff of the KT regional offices who met with us and helped to schedule appointments with projects. Kagiso Trust organised a reference group for the consultants which on two occasions generously criticised early drafts of the report. It has not been easy to co-ordinate the work of three consultants based in Cape Town, London and Johannesburg. Our research was originally divided on a geographical basis. Jeremy Seekings examined the CACP in Cape Town, the Eastern Cape and Border, and parts of the Orange Free State. Khehla Shubane examined the CACP in the Transvaal and Natal. David Simon conducted research in parts of the Transvaal, Southern Cape, and Cape Town. Most of the sections of the report were drafted by one or other of the consultants, and revised in light of comments from one or both of the other consultants. Jeremy Seekings was primarily responsible for sections 2.4, 3, 4, 5, 7.1 and 8. David Simon was primarily responsible for sections 1, 2.2 and 2.3, 6.6, 7.2 and 7.3, and 10. Jeremy Seekings and David Simon drafted the rest of section 6. Khehla Shubane was primarily responsible for section 9 and the executive summary, and made extensive inputs into sections 3.3 and 5.

abstract: Rhetorical theorist Kenneth Burke has asserted the significance of paying equal, if not more attention to, propagandist rhetoric, arguing that "there are other ways of burning books on the pyre-and the favorite method of the hasty reviewer is to deprive himself and his readers by inattention." Despite Burke's exhortation, attention to white supremacist discourse has been relatively meager. Historians Clive Webb and Charles Eagles have called for further research on white supremacy arguing that attention to white supremacist discourse is important both to fully understand and appreciate pro-civil rights rhetoric in context and to develop a more complex understanding of white supremacist rhetoric. This thesis provides a close examination of the literature and rhetoric of two white supremacist organizations: the Citizens' Council, an organization that sprang up in response to the 1954 landmark decision of Brown v. Board of Education and Stromfront.org, a global online forum community that hosts space for supporters of white supremacy. Memory scholars Barbie Zelizer, John Bodnar, and Stephen Brown note the usability of memory to shape social, political, and cultural aspects of society and the potential implications of such shaping. Drawing from this scholarship, the analysis of these texts focuses specifically on the rhetorical shaping of memory as a vehicle to promote white supremacy. Through an analysis of the Citizens' Council's use of historical events, national figures and cultural stereotypes, Chapter 1 explicates the organization's attempt to form a memorial narrative that worked to promote political goals, create a sense of solidarity through resistance, and indoctrinate the youth in the ideology of white supremacy. Chapter 2 examines the rhetorical use of memory on Stormfront and explains how the website capitalizes upon the wide reaching global impact of World War II to construct a memorial narrative that can be accessed by a global audience of white supremacists. Ultimately, this thesis offers a focused review of the rhetorical signatures of two white supremacist groups with the aim of combating contemporary instantiations of racist discourse. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.A. English 2013

Since the achievement of independence, Mexican officials looked for ways to bring together a country of many disparate parts into a single modern nation. Indeed, like their neighbors to the north, many officials supported programs to forge disciplined, productive, and selfless citizens capable of guiding the country in the future through cutting-edge educational programs. When a nearly fifty-year period of civil war and instability came to an end with the rise of dictator-president Porfirio Diaz (1876-1911), the general promoted the first sports programs to toughen up and straighten out a citizenry his cabinet believed had weakened in the country's many refurbished cities. These programs were, nevertheless, exclusionary in practice. The "Indian Problem," as many public officials called it, remained a primary concern as the supposed natural backwardness of the masses was interpreted as a societal disease that, for many, had no known cure. Diaz's presidency, which directed money and attention to wealthy urban centers to the detriment of the countryside, came to end when the masses rose with workers and women to take the government. This social revolution, which began in 1910, was the first in the world and brought to power a generation of idealistic leaders from all walks of life. These leaders took on the country's most desperate problems with creative cultural programs that were often guided by science. For revolutionaries, sports became a primary means of transforming the disparate masses into ideal athlete-citizens under a mestizo-aesthetic that were enlightened by science and willing to sacrifice personal ambition for the greater good. Officials from the military, public health, and education sectors crafted plans to mold citizens based on their visions of the revolution, but women and indigenous people did as well. In some ways these programs failed to meet the lofty expectations of the most idealistic leaders. In others, the revolutionary sports programs were among the most successful government programs created. The work completed between 1920 and 1946 in sports culture and physical education set the stage for some of the country’s greatest sports accomplishments that followed, including winning the right to host the Pan-American Games in 1955 and the Olympics in 1968. Scholars have debated the importance of sports in politics and society for decades, but even though Mexican historians have extensively analyzed revolutionary cultural programs, study on sports has been relegated to a footnote. This dissertation argued that sports were, in fact, considered a primary means of transforming the supposedly backwards masses into ideal citizens for officials in nearly all official departments.

Située au centre de l’Afrique, l’Oubangui Chari, ex colonie française a accédé à l’indépendance le 13 Août 1960 et est devenue la République centrafricaine. Le droit applicable et l’organisation judiciaire sont restés fortement influencés par la culture juridique de la France certains n’hésitant pas à parler de véritable mimétisme. En dehors d’une tendance à utiliser la technique du « copier-coller », il est important de souligner que le droit français reste applicable sur le territoire centrafricain en vertu de l’ordonnance PLANTEY du 06 octobre 1958 qui accordait survie, dans les nouveaux États ayant accédé à l’indépendance, aux textes coloniaux tant que le pouvoir législatif local n’en aurait pas disposé autrement etc. Il n’est dès lors pas étonnant que la population centrafricaine, majoritairement analphabète (près de 70%), et parlant la langue nationale le « Sango » rejette ce droit écrit dans une langue étrangère dans lequel elle ne trouve pas de repère et continue de recourir au droit traditionnel et à la justice coutumière (justice des chefs de quartier, de village, des chefs religieux etc.).L’accès au droit et aux institutions judiciaires se heurte à de multiples difficultés : problème de langue, de culture, de structures adaptées pour la diffusion du droit, d’éloignement géographique, de manque de confiance dans le personnel judiciaire et policier, du coût de la justice et des professionnels du droit par rapport au revenu moyen de la population, … Il se pose alors la question de la redéfinition du droit centrafricain qui devrait d’une part, intégrer les réalités locales et réhabiliter la justice traditionnelle en l’adaptant à l’évolution de la société; d’autre part, tout mettre en œuvre pour faciliter l’accès de la population au droit et à la justice officiels. / Located at the center of Africa, Oubangui Chari, ex French colony reached independence August 13th, 1960 and became the Central Africa Republic. The applicable duty and the legal organization remained strongly influenced by the legal culture of France, some not hesitating to speak about true imitation. Apart from a trend use the technique of “copy-sticking”, it is important to stress that the French right remains applicable on the Central Africa territory under the terms of the PLANTEY ordinance of October 6th, 1958 which granted survival, in the new States having reached independence, with the colonial texts as long as the local legislative power would not have had which in differently…It is consequently not astonishing that the population Central African, mainly illiterate (nearly 70%), and speaking the national language the “Sango” rejects this law statute in foreign language in which it does not find a reference mark and continuous to take out to the traditional right and usual legal proceedings (justice of the chiefs of district, village, religious leaders etc.). The access to the right and the legal institutions encounters multiple difficulties: problem of language, culture, structures adapted for the diffusion of the right, of geographical distance, lack of confidence in legal and police staff, of the cost of the justice and the professionals of the right compared to the average income of the population… It then raises the question of the redefinition of the Central African right which would have on the one hand, to integrate local realities and to rehabilitate traditional justice by adapting it to the evolution of the company, all to implement to facilitate the official access of the population to the right and justice.

This dissertation grew from an investigation of the farm Doornkloof in Irene, Pretoria. The farm was home to General Jan Smuts and it is here that he wrote his seminal philosophical work “Holism and Evolution” and found his own grass specie Digitaria Smutsii. The theoretical investigation is rooted in the interpretation of Holism, as an architectural theory, which informs the proposed design intervention. This study is informed by an analysis of the area of Irene, its origins and its future growth lead to the development of a holistic framework. This study proposes to inform the future socio-economic and historical importance of the farm as open public space for the citizens of Tshwane and Irene. The research intervention proposes a new architectural programmatic typology that will celebrate the importance of the Bankenveld landscape. The systematic rehabilitation of the grassland landscape will be achieved by introducing small scale interventions. The series of design interventions will rehabilitate the existing historical layers of the site, create new interest in the farm, improve the economic position of the Jan Smuts Foundation (the owners of the farm) and protect the landscape for the future generation users. / Dissertation MArch (Prof)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Architecture / unrestricted